SMITH & NEPHEW ASIA PACIFIC PTE LIMITED (Singapore)
Inventor
Landon, Ryan Lloyd
Ismail, Bilal
Abstract
A method of generating a custom three-dimensional (3D) model of a patient bone from one or more 2D images is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a 2D image of a bone, optionally of a joint, and identifying a 3D bone template for a candidate or representative bone from a pre-aligned library of representative bones. The method further includes repositioning one or more views of the 3D model or 2D images (e.g., with respect to rotation angle or caudal angle). In an iterative process, another 3D bone model for another candidate bone can be identified based on the repositioning until an accuracy threshold is satisfied. When the accuracy threshold is satisfied, surface region(s) of the current 3D bone model can then be modified to generate the resulting 3D model for the patient bone. The process can then be repeated for other bone(s) associated with the joint of the patient.
SMITH & NEPHEW ASIA PACIFIC PTE. LIMITED (Singapore)
Inventor
Diduch, David R.
Gregoire, David
White, George W.
Abstract
Suture pulling devices are disclosed which are adapted to lock onto a target tissue by use of a pair of jaws and pull a strand of suture through the target tissue so that without opening the closed jaws, the strand of suture has been pulled through the tissues but maintained within the volume defined by the pair of jaws.
A61B 17/04 - Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for closing wounds, or holding wounds closed, e.g. surgical staples; Accessories for use therewith for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
Embodiments of negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In one embodiment, a negative pressure wound therapy apparatus can include a wound dressing, a negative pressure source, and a controller. The negative pressure source can provide negative pressure via a fluid flow path to the wound dressing. The controller can monitor a rate of fluid removal from the wound, wirelessly communicate the rate of fluid removal to a remote device, and output an indication when the rate of fluid removal meets a threshold.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A negative pressure wound closure devices, systems and methods. Embodiments of the invention facilitate closure of the wound by preferentially contracting under negative pressure to provide for movement of the surrounding tissues. Some embodiments may utilize a stabilizing structure with a plurality of cells configured to collapses more in the x-direction than in the y-direction.
A61F 13/05 - specially adapted for use with sub-pressure or over-pressure therapy, wound drainage or wound irrigation, e.g. for use with negative-pressure wound therapy [NPWT]
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
5.
USE OF THERMOLYSIN TO REDUCE OR ELIMINATE BACTERIAL BIOFILMS FROM SURFACES
Methods are disclosed for the reduction or elimination of bacterial biofilms on biological and non-biological surfaces, as well as methods for the treatment of wounds, skin lesions, mucous membrane lesions, and other biological surfaces infected or contaminated with bacterial biofilms using compositions comprising thermolysin.
Embodiments of negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a negative pressure source, a sensor, and a controller. The negative pressure source can provide negative pressure via a fluid flow path to the wound dressing. The sensor can monitor pressure in the fluid flow path. The controller can determine whether the wound dressing is coupled to a wound from a change in magnitude of pressure in the fluid flow path over time being more indicative of a steady state condition than a chaotic condition while the negative pressure source maintains negative pressure in the fluid flow path within a pressure range. In addition, the controller can output a first indication denoting that the wound dressing is coupled to the wound and a second indication denoting that the wound dressing is not coupled to the wound.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
7.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETECTING OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS OF REDUCED PRESSURE THERAPY
In some embodiments, a negative pressure wound therapy system can detect and classify one or more operational conditions, including detection of a wound bleeding. The system can react to detection of blood by providing an indication, reducing the intensity or stopping therapy, releasing negative pressure, etc. In certain embodiments, the system can detect one or more additional operational conditions, such as change in vacuum pressure, gas leak rate change, exudate flow rate change, wafer flow rate change, presence of exudate, presence of water, etc. The system can detect and distinguish between different operational conditions and provide indication or take remedial action.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
8.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR APPLYING REDUCED NEGATIVE PRESSURE THERAPY
Embodiments of a negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a. pump assembly, canister, and a wound dressing configured to be positioned over a wound. The pump assembly, canister, and the wound dressing can be fiuidically connected to facilitate delivery of negative pressure to a wound. The system can be configured to efficiently deliver negative pressure in continuous and intermittent modes. The system can also be configured to gradually ramp up and down to set pressure values. The system can also be configured to detect and indicate presence of certain conditions, such as low pressure, high pressure, leak, canister full, and the like. Detection and indication of the presence of at least some of these conditions can be enabled and disabled.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61F 13/00 - Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
The compositions of the present invention comprise at least one medium polarity oil and at least one antibacterial agent, the combination of which produces a synergistic antibacterial effect against bacterial biofilms. Methods are disclosed for the reduction of bacteria in and/or elimination of bacterial biofilms on biological and non-biological surfaces, as well as methods for the treatment of wounds, skin lesions, mucous membrane lesions, and other biological surfaces infected or contaminated with bacterial biofilms.
A01N 25/30 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
Embodiments of negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a negative pressure source, a wound dressing configured to be positioned over a wound, and optionally a canister configured to store fluid aspirated from the wound. The negative pressure source, wound dressing, and canister (when present) can be fluidically connected to facilitate delivery of negative pressure to the wound. The system can be configured to automatically detect whether the canister is positioned in the fluid flow path between the negative pressure source and the dressing while negative pressure source provides negative pressure to the wound dressing. Operation of the system can be adjusted based on whether presence of the canister has been detected. For example, a value of an operational parameter can be set to indicate that the canister is present.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
11.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR APPLYING REDUCED PRESSURE THERAPY
Embodiments of negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a pump assembly, canister, and a wound dressing configured to be positioned over a wound. The pump assembly, canister, and wound dressing can be fluidically connected to facilitate delivery of negative pressure to the wound. The system can be configured to deliver negative pressure based at least on a. sensed pressured in a fluid flow path connecting a pump of the pump assembly and the wound dressing. The sensed pressure can be sampled, in some embodiments, synchronous with operation of the pump and can be used for controlling the pump. Increased efficiency, diminished noise and vibration caused by operation of the pump, reduced in energy usage, and better comfort for the patient can be attained.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
12.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR APPLYING REDUCED PRESSURE THERAPY
Embodiments of a negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a. pump assembly, canister, and a wound dressing configured to be positioned over a wound. The pump assembly, canister, and the wound dressing can he fluidicaily connected to facilitate delivery of negative pressure to a wound. The pump assembly can present graphical user interface screens for controlling and monitoring delivery of negative pressure. The system can be configured to efficiently deliver negative pressure and to detect and indicate presence of certain conditions, such as low pressure, high pressure, leak, canister full, and the like. Monitoring and detection of operating condition can be performed by measuring one or more operational parameters, such as pressure, flow rate, and the like.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
13.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR APPLYING REDUCED PRESSURE THERAPY
Embodiments of a negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a. pump assembly, canister, and a wound dressing configured to be positioned over a wound. The pump assembly, canister, and the wound dressing can he fluidicaily connected to facilitate delivery of negative pressure to a wound. The pump assembly can present graphical user interface screens for controlling and monitoring delivery of negative pressure. The system can be configured to efficiently deliver negative pressure and to detect and indicate presence of certain conditions, such as low pressure, high pressure, leak, canister full, and the like. Monitoring and detection of operating condition can be performed by measuring one or more operational parameters, such as pressure, flow rate, and the like.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
14.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TEACHING AND INSTRUCTING IN A VIRTUAL WORLD INCLUDING MULTIPLE VIEWS
Methods, systems and apparatus are provided for generating visual instruction to a user of a system, such as for exercise instruction or rehabilitation purposes. Preferably, the system includes a user imaging system with the system generating an output adapted to couple to a display device. The systems and methods serve to guide a user body motion. In one preferred embodiment, the method includes the steps of receiving first user positional information from the user imaging system, and then generating a first mirror image of the user positional information. Additionally, the method includes generating a first instructional image having the same positional orientation as the first mirror image of the user positional information. Finally, the method and system generate a composite output display including the first mirror image of the user positional information and the first instructional image.
A63F 13/213 - Input arrangements for video game devices characterised by their sensors, purposes or types comprising photodetecting means, e.g. cameras, photodiodes or infrared cells
A63F 13/55 - Controlling game characters or game objects based on the game progress
G16H 20/30 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
G16H 40/67 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
G09B 5/02 - Electrically-operated educational appliances with visual presentation of the material to be studied, e.g. using film strip
The present invention relates to a negative pressure wound closure system and methods for using such a system. Preferred embodiments of the invention facilitate closure of the wound by preferentially contracting to provide for movement of the tissue. Preferred embodiments can utilize tissue securing portions that aid in securing the invention within a wound.
A61F 13/00 - Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
16.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR APPLYING REDUCED PRESSURE THERAPY
Embodiments of negative pressure wound therapy apparatuses and methods for using such apparatuses are disclosed. In some embodiments, a negative pressure wound therapy apparatus includes a controller configured to determine a level of exudate in a canister (or a dressing) based at least in part on one or more characteristics of pressure signals generated by a negative pressure source and monitored by a pressure sensor. One such characteristic of the pressure signals can be amplitude, which may increase as a level of exudate in the canister (or dressing) increases. The canister (or dressing) can include a filter configured to become occluded in order to prevent overflow of the canister (or dressing). The controller can be additionally configured to detect and indicate a canister (or dressing) pre-full condition before the filter becomes occluded. More efficient and reliable operation of the negative pressure wound therapy apparatus can thereby be attained.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
Certain embodiments described herein are directed to an elongated layer of material and a lip to be placed in contact with a wound and the elongated layer of material to be wrapped around a wound filler, their methods of use and systems incorporating the same, wherein the wound filler lip is configured to be positioned beneath the fascia. Additionally, some embodiments described herein are directed to the closure of the wound and the use of attachment mechanisms on the elongate layer and lip to attach to the wound surface.
A negative pressure wound therapy apparatus comprising a source of negative pressure fluidically connected to a dressing placed over a wound; and a controller configured to detect a presence of at least one temporary blockage in a fluid flow path comprising the source of negative pressure, a canister configured to store fluid aspirated from the wound, and the dressing, the temporary blockage caused by fluid aspirated from the wound being aspirated into the canister; and clear or cause clearance of the temporary blockage by increasing a level of negative pressure provided by the source of negative pressure; wherein the controller is further configured to detect of the presence of the temporary blockage in the fluid flow path by deactivating of the source of negative pressure and detecting of a substantially discontinuous decay of negative pressure in the fluid flow path while the source of negative pressure is deactivated.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
G16H 20/40 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
G16H 40/63 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
Disclosed is a hydrogel comprising a hydrophilic gelling agent that includes a nonionic cellulose ether, and active thermolysin, wherein the proteolytic activity of the thermolysin does not decrease by more than 20% when stored at room temperature for 6 months.
The present invention relates to a negative pressure wound closure system and methods for using such a system. Preferred embodiments of the invention facilitate closure of the wound by preferentially contracting to provide for movement of the tissue. Preferred embodiments can utilize tissue grasping elements to apply a wound closing force to the tissue.
The present invention relates to a negative pressure wound closure system and methods for using such a system. Preferred embodiments of the invention facilitate closure of the wound by preferentially contracting to provide for movement of the tissue.
Systems, devices, and methods are described for providing orthopedic augments having recessed pockets that receive a fixation material. The orthopedic augments include an outer surface that interfaces with a patient's tissue or bone, and an inner surface that interfaces with an implant, the inner surface comprising a recessed pocket configured to receive a fixation material, a rim around at least a portion of the recessed pocket, and a port in the rim, wherein the recessed pocket extends along the inner surface in at least a direction laterally from the port.
Systems, methods, and devices are described for providing orthopedic implant augments having fastener locking mechanisms. The augments include a surface for mating with an implant component and a surface for interfacing with a patient's bone. The fastener locking mechanisms are aligned such that the augment may be locked in a variety of orientations while maintaining close contact with both an implant and a patient's bone. The alignment of the locking mechanisms provides variability and adjustability to the augment to address a variety of bone anatomies and requirements.
A method for providing a negative pressure wherein a pump is cycled on and off to achieve a target negative pressure, which is set slightly lower than the therapeutic negative pressure. A device determines the actual pressure by averaging samples which may occur at a different rate than the pump cycle.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
25.
APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY
Disclosed herein are several embodiments of a reduced pressure appliance and methods of using the same in the treatment of wounds. Some embodiments are directed to improved fluidic connectors or suction adapters for connecting to a wound site, for example using softer, kink-free conformable suction adapters. Certain embodiments are directed to connectors used to connect fluid passage tube used in transmitting negative pressure to a fabric channel used in a suction adapter.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A medical device includes a treatment module configured to apply a medical treatment and one or more storage devices storing a device identifier that identifies the medical device. The medical device also includes one or more processing devices configured to control the treatment module to apply a medical treatment, collect compliance information that reflects a patient's compliance with a treatment regimen, access the device identifier from the one or more storage devices, and send the collected compliance information with the accessed device identifier to a server system. The server system is configured to receive the compliance information and the device identifier, determine a patient identifier based on the device identifier, store the compliance information in association with the determined patient identifier, and provide access to the compliance information in response to an inquiry.
G16H 20/00 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
G16H 20/30 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
G16H 40/67 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
ABSTRACT A medical device includes a treatment module configured to apply a treatment to a patient. The medical device includes an interface configured to operatively connect to a removable storage device storing authorization data that identifies a level of treatment authorization. The medical device includes a processing device configured to perform operations in response to receiving user input indicating a treatment should be initiated. The operations include determining whether the removable storage device is valid for use with the medical device. If the removable storage device is determined to be valid, the authorization data is accessed. The processing device determines whether the treatment is authorized based on the accessed authorization data. If the treatment is determined to be authorized, the treatment module is controlled to apply the treatment. If the treatment is determined to not be authorized, the treatment module is controlled such that the treatment is not applied. Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 MEDICAL DEVICE This application is a divisional application of co-pending application Serial No. 2,814,657, filed October 12, 2011. FIELD This description relates to a medical device. BACKGROUND Medical devices can provide treatment for a variety of health conditions. In some instances, a patient has a degree of control over treatment with a medical device. For example, a patient may be able to initiate treatment with a medical device. The capabilities of a medical device determine to a large degree the way that the patient and others interact with the medical device. In particular, it is important that a medical device be capable of providing effective treatment and a positive patient experience. SUMMARY In one aspect, a medical device includes: a treatment module configured to apply a treatment to a patient; one or more processing devices configured to: disallow treatment using the treatment module until treatment authorization occurs; determine that treatment authorization occurs; and in response to determining that treatment authorization occurs, permit treatment to be applied using the treatment module. Implementations may include one or more of the following features. For example, treatment authorization occurs via payment. Treatment authorization occurs via patient identification. Treatment authorization is linked to geographic location. Treatment authorization occurs via authorization data stored on a removable medium. Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 In another general aspect, a medical device includes: at least one treatment module configured to apply a treatment to a patient; an interface configured to operatively connect to a removable storage device storing authorization data that identifies a level of treatment authorization; and at least one processing device configured to perform the following in response to receiving user input indicating a treatment should be initiated: determine whether the removable storage device is valid for use with the medical device; if the removable storage device is determined to be valid, access the authorization data; determine whether the treatment is authorized based on the accessed authorization data; if the treatment is determined to be authorized, control the treatment module to apply the treatment; and if the treatment is determined to not be authorized, control the treatment module such that the treatment is not applied. Implementations of any of the aspects may include one or more of the following features. For example, to determine whether the removable storage device is valid for use with the medical device, the at least one processing device is configured to: access a serial number of the removable medium; and determine that the removable medium is valid if the serial number is within a predetermined range of values. The at least one processing device is configured to record compliance data for the treatment on the removable storage device if the treatment is applied. The compliance data indicates a time, date, and duration of the treatment. T purchased. The user interface module 60 may also include one or more output devices, for example a screen, a liquid crystal display, or lights. For example, the interface module 60 can include a screen 72, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a thin- film transistor (TFT) display, a field sequential display, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. The interface module 60 can also include light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and other indicators. The interface module 60 may include a speaker or other device that can produce sound (not shown), or other output devices. The user interface module 60 may also include input capabilities or input devices (not shown), for example, buttons, one or more keypads, and other controls. The screen 72 may be touch-sensitive to receive input from a user. The user interface module 60 can also include an interface to access a removable storage medium, such as a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a Secure Digital (SD) card, or other types of removable storage media. The payment module 62 can enable a patient to enter payment at the control unit 12, or to receive information indicating prior payment. Payment can be enabled through one or more methods. The payment module 62 can include a credit card reader that reads a card and charges treatment to a credit card, debit card, or similar card that is swiped at the control unit 12. The payment module can include a SIM card reader, and a patient may purchase a SIM card that includes information that represents one or more payments made for treatment with the ultrasonic treatment device. The payment module can include a reader for reading other types of removable media, for example, a SD card or other flash memory device. The control 13 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 unit 12 can be configured to receive payment in the form of a code or other user input that may be entered on the interface module 60. Some implementations may exclude the payment module 62. For instance, in some implementations, provisions may be made to allow payment remotely from the device 10, for example, at a computer connected to a network. The communication module 64 can be configured to send payment information to a remote system and/or receive authorization information that authorizes additional treatments using the medical device 10. In some implementations, the processing device 50 is configured to receive an authorization code or other authorization data through the communication module 64 and to store the received authorization code in the storage device 52. The communication module 64 can enable communication with a server system, client system, or other computer system over a wired or wireless connection. The communication module 64 may enable a communication link that is wired or wireless. The communication module may enable .. communication over, for example, Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus, 502.11, Bluetooth, Zigbee, cellular networks, and other communication links. In one implementation, the communication module 64 can include a cellular transceiver 66 to receive and/or transmit information over a cellular network. The communication module 64 may also enable communication through multiple communication links. The communication module 64 can be configured to send payment information to a remote system and/or receive authorization information that authorizes additional treatments using the medical device 10. The processing device 50 can be configured to receive an authorization code through the communication module 64 and to store the received authorization code in the storage device 52. A power supply 68 can provide power to the components of the medical device 10, including the driver circuit 54, the processing device 50, the storage device 52, the payment module 62, the communication module 64, and the user interface module 60. The power supply 68 can include a battery that is integrated into the control unit 12 or is removable. The battery can be primary battery or a rechargeable battery, and the power supply 68 can .. include a detachable power adapter that can charge a rechargeable battery. 14 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 When a user performs treatment using the medical device 10, the medical device 10 can collect and store compliance information. Collecting compliance information can include recording information about use of the medical device 10, for example recording the number of treatments that are performed. Compliance information can include a number of treatments provided by the medical device 10, a date and time that a treatment was provided by the medical device 10, and/or a duration that a treatment was provided by the medical device 10. Information about multiple uses or treatments with the medical device 10 can be collected. A treatment regimen that identifies a prescribed use of the medical device 10 can be identified. For example, the treatment regimen may be entered on the device after the health condition has been diagnosed or after the medical device 10 has been prescribed to the patient. Information about a treatment regimen may be entered on the medical device 10 or received from a network, which may include a cellular network. The information about the recorded use of the medical device 10 can be compared to the information about the prescribed use of the medical. Information indicating the degree that the recorded use matches the prescribed use can be generated. Compliance information can be stored on the storage device 52, on a removable medium, or both the storage device 52 and a separate removable medium. The compliance information may, but is not required to, include one or more results of a comparison between the recorded use of the medical device 10 and the treatment regimen of the patient. Referring to Fig. 3, the medical device 10 can display information to the patient. For example, the medical device 10 can display information that relates to the particular patient using the medical device 10, for example, information about a health condition of the patient, a treatment regimen of the patient, or a physician of the patient. The information displayed on the medical device 10 can thus be personalized to the particular patient that receives the medical device 10 and a particular health condition of the patient. In some instances, the information displayed may be selected to instruct, encourage, or entertain the patient. In addition, the information can provide advertisements and personalize treatment using the name or brand of, for example a particular physician, hospital, or insurance company. The information displayed on the medical device 10 may be organized into a plurality of messages 304. Messages 304 can include a variety of media, including text, images, Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 video, and sound. Messages 304 can be stored on the storage device 52 of the control unit 12. Some messages 304 may be entered onto medical device 10 during manufacturing. For example, an initial set of predetermined messages 304 may be loaded onto a storage device 52 before it is shipped. Messages 304 may also be entered at other times to supplement the initially loaded messages 304, including before a medical device 10 is dispensed to a patient and after a patient begins use of the rnedical device 10. Messages 304 may be received with, for example, the communication module 64 and may be stored on the storage device 52. Messages 304 can include information related to specific health conditions. For example, some messages 304 may relate to treatment of broken bones of the foot, and others o may relate to treatment of broken bones of the arm. The medical device 10 can store messages 304 that relate to a wide variety of health conditions. To ensure that the messages 304 displayed to the patient are useful, the processing device 50 can access information that identifies a health condition of the patient, which can be stored on the storage device 52. Based on the identified health condition, the processing device 50 can select one or more messages out of the set of messages 304 that are stored on the storage device 52. For example, if the processing device 50 determines that the patient has a broken foot, the processing device 50 can select one or more messages 304 related to broken bones of the foot and treatment of a broken foot. The selected messages 304 can be displayed to the patient on the screen 72. In some implementations, the screen 72 may be part of the interface module 60, while in others the 72 screen may be integrated into the control unit 12. Selected messages 304 can be displayed to the patient during treatment. For example, while a treatment is applied, the medical device 304 can display information to instruct the patient about proper use of the medical device 10. In many instances, a patient receives only minimal instruction about the proper use of the medical device 10 when the medical device 10 is dispensed to the patient. A patient may forget the proper use of medical device and the details of a treatment regimen, especially when the medical device 10 is new. By providing messages 304 that instruct the patient how to use the medical device 10, the patient may be more likely to perform treatment correctly. The instructive messages 304 can be selected based on the health condition of the patient and the associated treatment regimen for the health condition. 16 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 The medical device 10 can select and display a variety of other messages 304 during treatment. For example, messages 304 can also provide general health information, such as, "smoking inhibits bone healing" or "tell your doctor if you use blood thinners" Messages 304 can also be selected based on a patient's compliance to a treatment regimen. The medical device 10 can store information that indicates when the patient should receive treatment. The rnedical device 10 can also record information indicating when treatment is actually perfoimed. The medical device 10 can compare the planned or prescribed use of the medical device with the actual use of the device and determine how well the patient has complied with the prescribed treatment regimen. The medical device 10 can display messages 304 to the patient that directly or indirectly provide compliance information. For example, messages can provide direct feedback about a patient's compliance. Messages 304 can also be displayed that motivate, encourage, and remind the patient to follow a consistent treatment schedule. Messages 304 can also describe the benefits of continuing treatment or provide information about how the medical device 10 operates. Messages 304 can also provide physicians and others an opportunity to provide a personalized message. For example, one or more messages 304 may include the name of a patient's physician, the name of the patient's insurance company, or the logo for a hospital. Customized messages 304 can enable physicians and organizations to reinforce their brands and enhance the patient's experience during treatment. Messages 304 can also include contact information, for example, the phone number for the patient's primary physician. Messages 304 can include advertisements and paid content. Messages 304 can also be provided to entertain a patient during treatment and thus encourage the patient to complete the treatment. In some implementations, the medical device may enable the patient to acquire or input additional content to display on the medical device. Referring to Fig. 4, a diagram illustrates the selection and display of messages 304 on a screen 72 of the medical device 10. The processing device 50 of the medical device 10 can access information identifying a health condition of a patient. As illustrated, a health condition record 401 indicates that the health condition of the patient is a broken clavicle. Based on the identified health condition, 17 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 the processing device 50 can select one or more messages from a plurality of messages 304. The plurality of messages 304 may include a set 402 of predetermined messages 304. Each message 304 in the set 402 may be associated with an identifier, as represented by the numbers from one to ten. From the set 402, a subset 403 of messages 304 may be selected. The selected messages 304 can include messages 304 that relate to the particular health condition of the patient. The selected messages 304 can be ordered into a sequence 404 for display on the medical device 10. The sequence 404 of messages 304 may be displayed on the screen 72 of the medical device 10. In one implementation, the sequence 404 of messages 304 may begin to be io displayed when treatment begins, and the sequence 404 may end roughly when treatment ends. In addition to the messages 304, other information can be included, for example, information that describes the treatment being performed. For example, notifications 406 that indicate the time remaining until treatment is completed may be interspersed between other messages 304. The messages 304 selected and the sequence 404 of the selected messages 304 can vary according to the needs of the patient and to limit unnecessary repetition. For example, instructions about how to use the medical device 10 may be selected and displayed for an initial set of treatments using the medical device 10, but instructions may be omitted after many treatments have successfully been performed. Referring to Fig. 5, an example of a process 500 for providing information is illustrated. The processing device 50 of the medical device 10 can be configured to perform the process 500, for example, by executing instructions stored on the storage device 52. A plurality of messages is stored on the medical device (502). For example, the storage device may store the plurality of messages. Messages may be entered on the storage device by a manufacturer of the medical device before the medical device is sold. Messages can also be entered on the storage device by sales representatives, physicians, and others at other times. The medical device receives information about a health condition of a patient (504). For exarnple, after a patient is diagnosed with a particular health condition, the health condition can be entered on the medical device. A physician, assistant, sales representative, or other person may enter information that indicates the health condition of the patient on the 18 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 medical device. In addition, or alternately, the medical device may receive information about a health condition of the patient through the communication module. For example, the medical device may receive information about a prescription or diagnosis automatically over a network, without requiring any manual input. The medical device can store the information about the patient's health condition for later access. The health condition can be, for example, a health condition that is treatable by the medical device. The medical device selects messages for the patient (506). For example, the messages can be selected from the stored messages stored on the storage device. One or more messages can be selected based on the identified health condition of the patient. For example, if the patient has a broken ankle, messages can be selected that describe treatment of a broken ankle. The selected messages can include messages related to multiple health conditions. The selected messages can include instructions for using the medical device. The selected messages can include one or more messages that include information about a doctor that treated the patient or a medical office where the patient was treated. The selected messages can include one or more messages about the rnedical device or information about the provider of the medical device. The selected messages can include advertisements. The selected messages can include image data or video data. In some implementations, the medical device can store records indicating use of the medical device. For example, the medical device can record the number of treatments that have been performed using the medical device, the date and time that each treatment is performcd, and/or the duration of each treatment. The information in these records, referred to generally as compliance information, indicates the manner in which treatments were performed using the device, from which a patient's compliance with a particular treatment regimen can be deteimined. Compliance information can be stored on the one or more storage devices 52. For example, the compliance information can be stored on internal memory of the medical device 10 and can also be stored on a removable medium, such as an SD memory card. Recording the compliance information on internal memory and the removable medium provides a backup in case one of the storage devices should fail. Additionally, the removable medium may be removed and used to transfer compliance information to other systems. 19 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 The medical device can also identify a treatment regimen that corresponds to the health condition. For example, the medical device may receive the information from a prescription, a treatment regimen that is entered directly on the medical device, or the medical device may store a number of treatment regimens on the storage device. The medical device can access the records indicating use of the device. The medical device can compare the records indicating use of the medical device to the treatment regimen identified for the health condition of the patient. The medical device can provide an indication of compliance with the treatment regimen. For example, the medical device may provide an indication of compliance in one io or more messages that are selected to be later displayed to the patient. The selected messages can also encourage compliance to a treatment regimen, for example, by praising the patient for past compliance or assuring the patient that continued treatment will bring good results. The selection of messages, including the selection of messages about compliance to the treatment regimen, can be based on the number of uses of the medical device indicated in the records that indicate use of the medical device. The medical device can also identify the language of the patient and select one or more messages in the language of the patient. The plurality of messages stored on the medical device can include messages in at least two languages. For example, some or all of the stored messages can be included in multiple languages. The medical device can identify the language of the user, for example, based on user input, messages input on the medical device, information received by the communication module, or other information. The medical device can begin treatment (508). For example, a patient may enter input indicating that treatment should begin, and the medical device may control a driver circuit to drive an ultrasound transducer so that the ultrasound transducer produces .. ultrasound with therapeutic properties. The medical device can store and update records indicating use of the medical device. The medical device can display the selected messages (510). The selected messages can be displayed during treatment, for example, while the ultrasound with therapeutic properties is applied to the patient. The messages can be displayed on a liquid crystal display or other screen. Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 Referring to Fig. 6A, the medical device 10 can display information about a patient's compliance with a treatment regimen on a user interface 600a. The user interface 600a can be displayed on the screen 72 of the user interface module 60. The user interface 600a includes a calendar view 602 that indicates whether treatment was performed each day of, for example, the current month, or the current month and previous months. In the calendar space corresponding to each day that treatment was performed, a compliance indicator 604 can be displayed, for example, a colored square, a check mark, or other image or icon. In the space corresponding to each day in which treatment was not performed, a noncompliance indicator 606 can be displayed, for example, a different image or icon, such as a blank square or a red "X." Thus the user interface 600a can visually distinguish the days during which treatment was performed from days during which treatment was not performed, providing an easily- understandable indication of recent compliance with the treatment regimen. In some implementations, information about the particular treatment regimen prescribed for the user of the inedical device 10 is stored on the medical device 10, and the 16 compliance indicator 604 is displayed to indicate that a treatment performed on a particular day complies with the particular treatment regimen prescribed. In other words, rather than assuming that the treatment regimen requires one treatment each day, the medical device 10 compares times that treatments were performed to times that treatments were scheduled to be performed, as dictated by a treatment regimen. If a treatment regimen involves treatment every other day, for example, a neutral indicator can be displayed to represent days in which treatment was not scheduled and was not performed. The neutral indicator may be, for example, the day of the month that the day occurs. The noncompliance indicator 606 may be displayed, for example, only when treatment was scheduled to be performed on a day and treatment did not occur on that day. If treatment was performed on a day that treatment was 26 not scheduled, an improper treatment indicator different from the noncompliance indicator 606 may be displayed for that day, distinguishing noncompliance by omitted treatment from noncompliance by performance of an unscheduled treatment. As a result, compliance relative to a treatment regimen can be accurately indicated when scheduled treatments are not scheduled every day. Similarly, compliance can be indicated for treatment regimens that dictate treatment multiple times in a day. For example, multiple compliance indicators 604 or multiple 21 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 noncompliance indicators 606 can be displayed to indicate each treatment that was completed or missed that day. In other implementations, the medical device 10 displays the compliance indicator 604 for days that treatment was performed and displays the noncompliance indicator 606 for days that treatments were not performed, without regard to times that treatments were dictated by a prescribed treatment regimen. Thus even when the medical device 10 does not have access to inforrnation indicating a treatment regimen, the calendar view 602 indicates when treatments were performed, permitting the user or others to determine compliance with an appropriate treatment regimen. The user interface 600a may display patient compliance for time period longer or shorter than a month, and for previous periods of time rather than, for example, the most recent weeks or months. The medical device 10 can automatically display the calendar view 602 as the medical device 10 is powered on or at other times. For example, each time the medical .. device 10 is powered on, while the medical device 10 is initializing and for a period of time afterward, the calendar view 602 showing compliance can be displayed. The calendar view 602 can also be displayed to physicians, caretakers, and others. The calendar view 602 can be displayed automatically after particular functions of the medical device 10 are accessed, or in response to a request that the calendar view 602 be displayed. The medical device 10 can automatically display a total compliance to-date indication. For example, if ten days have elapsed since the start of a daily treatment regimen and the patient only used the device for eight out of the ten days, then the total compliance indicator can display 8/10 or 80% to indicate the overall level of compliance. The user interface 600a can also display notification icons 610. The notification icons 610 can vary in appearance according to the current status of the medical device 10. The notification icons 610 can indicate, for example, the status and availability of communication links such as wireless connections, whether service is needed, that error or notification messages are available, the types or quality of connections with various modules, the remaining battery charge of the medical device, and other notifications. Referring to Fig. 6B, after the calendar view 602 is displayed, or after receiving user input, the medical device 10 can display a treatment timer 612 on a user interface 600b. The 22 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 treatment timer 612 can indicate the time remaining before a treatment is completed. For example, for a twenty-minute treatment, the treatment timer 612 can initially indicate the duration of treatment, twenty minutes, While a treatment is in progress, the treatment timer 612 can count down toward zero, reaching zero when the treatment ends. The notification icons 610 can also be displayed. Referring to Fig. 6C, an alternative user interface 620 includes a calendar view 622 indicating daily compliance with the treatment regimen and a treatment timer 624. Days for which treatment was performed as indicated in the treatment regimen are indicated with a first marking 626, while days for which planned treatment failed to be performed are indicated with a different marking 628. Days in the future can be marked with their corresponding calendar numbers. Referring to Fig. 7, a removable medium 710, for example, an SD card, USB device, or other removable memory device, can be used to authorize use of the medical device 10. The removable medium 710 can store authorization data 720 that indicates a level of treatment authorization, for example, a number of treatments authorized or an arnount of treatment time authorized using the medical device 10. The medical device 10 can include an interface 712 that operatively connects to the removable medium 710, permitting the processing device 50 to access the authorization data 720. The interface 712 can include a slot that receives the removable medium 710 within the medical device 10. The slot can be accessible to a user, permitting the user to replace the removable medium 710 with a different removable medium. The control unit 12 of the medical device 10 can define the slot and can include a cover that covers the slot. To obtain treatment authorization, the patient can obtain the removable medium 710, which can be a prepaid medium that represents that payment has been made by or for the user. Removable media can store differing levels of treatment authorization. Different removable media may be sold with authorization data 720 that permits, for example, 50, 25, or 10 treatments. Treatment authorization may additionally or alternatively be indicated as an amount of time, for example, 1000, 500, or 100 minutes of treatment. In some implementations, the removable medium 710 can be purchased from a retail store or a physician's office. The fact that the patient obtained the removable medium 710 indicates 23 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 that payment was made, and no additional verification of payment may be necessary to use the medical device 10. The removable medium 710 may be a secure mode of communicating that a particular number of treatments are authorized. The removable medium can include a copy- protection or anti-counterfeiting feature that can be used to determine whether the removable medium is genuine. For example, the removable medium can store an encoded value in a manner that the value is not easily duplicated or copied from one removable medium to another. The encoded value can be hardware-encoded or factory-set with a physical setting such that similar removable media cannot be altered to mimic the encoded value. In some implementations, the encoded value is a serial number that is embedded in non- writable storage of the removable medium. Each valid removable medium can have a unique serial number. Only removable media that have a serial number within a predetermined range of values can be considered genuine. In use, a user interacts with the medical device 10 to indicate that treatment should be initiated, for example, by pressing a button or entering other input. In response, the processing device 50 determines whether a removable medium is present. If no removable medium is present, the processing device 50 disallows treatment. If a removable medium such as the removable medium 710 is present, the processing device 50 determines whether the removable medium 710 is valid for use with the medical device 10. For example, the processing device 50 determines whether a serial number or other value encoded in the removable medium meets predetermined criteria. ln some implementations, the processing device 50 determines whether the value is within a predetermined set or range of values. The serial number can be a value that is not modifiable by a user, for example, a value that is fixed in the hardware configuration of the removable medium and cannot be copied onto a similar removable medium. Thus the processing device 50 can verify that the physical medium is valid. If a removable medium is not genuine, or is not compatible with or intended for the medical device 10, the processing device 50 disallows treatment. If the removable medium 710 is genuine, the processing device 50 accesses authentication data 720 stored on the removable medium 710. The authentication data 720 can indicate a number of treatments authorized or a number of treatment minutes that 24 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 treatment is authorized. For example, when each treatment has a duration of twenty minutes, the authorization data 720 may indicate that ten treatments are authorized, or may indicate that two hundred minutes of treatments are authorized. If the authorization data 720 indicates that at least one treatment is authorized, or that one or more treatment minutes are authorized, the processing device 50 controls the treatment module to provide ultrasound with therapeutic properties. If the authorization data 720 indicates that no treatments are authorized, the processing device 50 disallows treatment. After the medical device 10 applies a treatment, the processing device 50 alters the authorization data 720 to indicate an updated level of authorization. For example, the o medical device 10 can decrease the number of authorized treatments or decrease the number of authorized treatment minutes remaining. Modified authorization data that indicates an updated level of authorization can be stored on the removable medium 710, for example, by overwriting the authorization data 720 that was stored before treatment began. The medical device 10 can also store compliance data 730 on the removable medium .. 710. When the medical device 10 applies a treatment, the processing device 50 can store information about the treatment performed. For example, the compliance data 730 can indicate the time, date, and duration of the treatment applied, along with other treatment information. The removable medium 710 can thus include a compliance log that indicates use of the medical device 10 over time. The compliance data 730 can also indicate, for example, the degree that the use of the medical device 10 corresponds to planned or prescribed use of the medical device 10. For example, the compliance data 730 can indicate days or times at which treatment was scheduled and whether treatment occurred at those days or times. Compliance data 730 can additionally or alternatively be stored on an internal storage device of the medical device, such as the storage device 52. In some implementations, the authentication data 720 is encrypted, which can discourage tampering. In such implementations, the processing device 50 decrypts the authentication data 720 before determining whether treatment is authorized. Also, after modifying the authentication data to indicate a decreased level of authorization, the processing device 50 encrypts the modified data and stores the encrypted data on the removable medium 710. Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 When additional treatments are desired, for example, after the treatment authorization of the authorization data 720 is depleted, a user can obtain a different removable medium that includes authorization data for additional treatments. In some implementations, the authorization data 720 directly authorizes the treatments, without the medical device 10 needing additional information or confirmation from another system. In some implementations, as described below, the medical device 10 verifies the authenticity of authorization data 720 by communicating with a server system or other device. Referring to Fig. 8, a system 800 for authorizing medical treatments includes the medical device 10 connected to a server system 802 via a network 806. The system 800 can also include a third-party server system 804 and a cellular network 808. After payment is made by or for a patient, authorization data can be entered at or received by the medical device 10. The authorization data indicates a level of treatment authorization, and can include an authorization code. A patient may desire to authorize medical treatrnents using the ultrasonic treatment device 10. For example, the patient may receive the ultrasonic treatment device 10 in a condition in which treatments have not yet been authorized. As another example, the patient may have used treatments authorized for the ultrasonic treatment device 10 so that an insufficient number of treatments are currently authorized to complete treatment. To purchase additional treatments of the medical device 10, the patient may provide payment information 810 at the medical device 10. Payment information 810 includes payment entered or authorized at the medical device 10 and also information that indicates that payment has been made in another manner. For example, the patient may enter a credit card, a debit card, or another payment device into an appropriate reader of the medical device 10 and authorize a charge to an account owned by the patient. The patient may also enter an account number on the user interface module 60 of the medical device 10 to authorize payment. The patient may also purchase a prepaid medium, for example, a SIM card, a Secure Digital (SD) card, or a prepaid card with a magnetic strip, an optical code, or a printed code, from a store or physician's office. ln one implementation, the prepaid medium may be a secure mode of communicating an amount of payment that has been paid. The patient may enter the prepaid medium at the ultrasonic treatrnent device 10 to indicate that payment has 26 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 been made. The patient may also purchase treatments in a store or through a web site, may receive a confirmation code for the transaction, and may enter the confirmation code at the ultrasonic treatment device 10. The system 800 can also be used to verify the validity of an authorization code received from a prepaid medium. The medical device 10 can send the payment information 810 to a server system 802. The payment infoimation 810 can be associated with a device identifier 812 that identifies the medical device 10, which can also be sent to the server system 802. In addition to, or instead of, sending a device identifier 812, the medical device 10 may send a patient identifier that identifies the patient, together with the payment information. As will be described in greater detail below, the server system 802 can send an authorization code to the medical device 10 after receiving the payment information 810 and the device identifier 812. The medical device 10 may send the payment information 810 and the device identifier 812 to the server system 802 through the network 806. Alternatively, or additionally, the medical device 10 may initiate a communication using the cellular network 808 to send the payment information 810 and the device identifier 812 to the server system 802. Payment information 810 can also be received through a removable medium, token, code or other indication that treatment is authorized. In one implementation, a prepaid medium can store an authorization code that can directly authorize treatments, so that the ultrasonic treatment device 10 is not required to transmit any information to the server system 802. A prepaid medium can include an authorization code that can enable treatments of the ultrasonic treatment device 10, independent of a server system 802. For example, a patient may purchase a SIM card or other device that stores an authorization code compatible with the ultrasonic treatment device 10. The SIM card containing the authorization code can be entered at the ultrasonic treatment device 10 and the treatments authorized by the authorization code can be enabled on the ultrasonic treatment device 10. Payment is received by the retail store or physician's office where the prepaid medium was obtained. The fact that the patient obtained the prepaid medium proves that payment was made, and no additional verification may be necessary. In some implementations, the ultrasonic treatment device 10 may verify that the authentication code included with the prepaid medium is authentic, and may ensure that the authentication code of the prepaid medium is not used multiple times (for example, by altering the data on 27 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 the prepaid medium). In another implementation, a mechanical device or key may also be used to indicate authorization of additional treatments of the ultrasonic treatment device 10. Treatments can also be purchased for a patient by a third-party payer, for example, an insurance company. A third-party server system 804 can transfer payment information 816 to the server system 802 with a patient identifier 818 that identifies the patient. The payment information 816 can include the information that completes the act of payment or indicates that payment has been made. The patient identifier 818 can include a name, prescription number, insurance policy number, or other identifier. The server system 802 can receive the payment information 810 and the device identifier 812 from the medical device 10, or can receive the payment information 816 and the patient identifier 818 from the third-party server system 804. The server system 802 can determine that payment has been made for a number of treatments, for example, using the payment information 810, 816. The server system 802 can also determine that patient is associated with the medical device, for example, using the patient identifier 818 or device identifier 812 associated with the payment information 810, 816. The server system 802 can use the received information and stored records to associate the payment with the patient to be treated with the medical device 10. The server system 802 may store records that associate patient identifiers 818 and device identifiers 812 with particular patients and medical devices 10 so that payment can be applied for the correct patient and medical device 10. The server system 802 can also generate an authorization code 814 that enables the medical device 10 to provide a number of treatments. The number of treatments authorized can be based on the amount of payment received. The server system 802 can send the authorization code 814 to the medical device 10 through the network 806 and/or through the cellular network 808. The authorization code 814 can be encrypted or encoded so that the authorization code 814 enables treatments only for the particular medical device 10 associated with a particular payment received. In one implementation, the authorization code 814 can be encrypted so that the unique device identifier 812 or another unique decryption key is necessary to decrypt or decode the authorization code 814. For example, the authorization code 814 can be encrypted using a symmetric-key or asymmetric-key encryption scheme. 28 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 Using a symmetric-key or shared-key encryption system, a key may be used as both the encryption and decryption key. The key can be stored on both the server system 802 and the medical device 10, for example, by the manufacturer of the medical device 10. To prevent interception, the key may not be transmitted. The medical device 10 can send a paticnt identifier or a device identifier 812 unrelated to the key to identify the medical device 10. The server system 802 can send the encrypted data to the medical device 10, which can decrypt the data with the stored key. Using an asymmetric-key cryptography system, for example, a public key private key pair encryption system, the server system 802 can store an encryption key and the medical device 10 can store a corresponding decryption key. The server system 802 may encrypt the authorization code 814 using the encryption key and send the encrypted data to the medical device 10. The medical device 10 can include a stored decryption key that can decrypt the encrypted data. The decryption key can include the device identifier 812 or another key. In an implementation, the encryption key that encrypts messages for a particular medical device 10 may be known only to the server system 802. Because the server system 802 can store records associating patients, medical devices 10, and corresponding encryption keys, the system 800 may not require that the decryption key be sent to the server system 802. If the device identifier 812 is used to decrypt an authorization code 814, instead of sending the device identifier 812, the medical device 10 can send another identifier, such as a patient identifier or a device identifier unrelated to the encryption scheme. The device identifier 812 can be independent of the encryption scheme so that interception of the device identifier does not compromise the encryption scheme. The medical device 10 can receive the encrypted authorization code 814 through the network 806 or the cellular network 808 and can decrypt the authorization code 814. The medical device 10 can use the authorization code 814 to authorize a number of treatments of the medical device 10. The authorization code 814 or information determined based on the authorization code 814 can be stored to indicate the number of treatments authorized. When the patient attempts to initiate treatment with the medical device 10, the processing device of the medical device 10 can determine that authorized treatments remain for the medical device 10 and initiate treatment. 29 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 The medical device 10 may also use the authorization code 814 to determine a change in treatment. For example, an authorization code 814 may indicate that treatment should be disallowed after a particular period of time has elapsed or if the patient does not apply a treatment for a period of time. The authorization code 814 may indicate that the number of treatments that are available each day should be changed, for example, from one treatment each day to two treatments each day. The authorization code 814 may indicate that the intensity of ultrasound produced by the medical device 10 should be changed, for example, that the intensity should be reduced if the patient is healing well. Referring to Fig. 9A, a process 900 for authorizing medical treatments can include o actions by a medical device, a server system, and/or a third-party system. The medical device can be an ultrasonic treatment device as described above. As illustrated, the process 900 can include payment for treatment by a patient at the medical device, payment by a third-party at a remote system, or both sources of payment. The actions performed by the medical device can be performed by one or more proceSsing devices of the medical device configured to perform those actions. The server system can include one or more processing devices and one or more storage devices that store instructions that, when executed by the one or more processing devices, cause the processing devices to perform the various functions of the server system described below. A patient can attempt to initiate treatment with the medical device (902). For example, the medical device can receive user input indicating that a treatment should be administered by the medical device. The medical device can determine whether treatment is authorized (903). For example, the medical device can determine whether at least one treatment is authorized based on stored information that indicates the number of treatments that are authorized. The medical device can access an authorization code that has been received, for example, and determine whether treatment is authorized based on the accessed authorization code. The determination whether the attempted treatment is authorized can be performed in response to the attempt to initiate treatment in (902). If the determination indicates that treatment by the medical device is authorized, the medical device can control a treatment module to apply the treatment that the patient attempted. If the determination indicates that treatment is not authorized, the medical device Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 can control the treatment module so that the treatment attempted by the patient is not applied. No treatment may be authorized for a medical device if, for example, all of the previously authorized treatments have already been used or if the medical device has not received an initial authorization code to enable treatments. When treatment is not authorized for the medical device, the medical device can notify the patient that payment is needed to purchase additional treatments (904). The example illustrated in Fig. 9A shows a scenario in which the medical device is not initially authorized to perform a treatment attempted by a patient, so additional payment and authorization of the medical device is needed. Payment can be received at the medical device (906). The patient can then enter payment in one or more ways, including entering payment at the medical device using, for example, a credit card or a debit card to purchase additional treatments. The patient may also complete payment at a location other than the medical device, and enter proof of payment at the medical device. The patient may purchase treatments for example, at a store, at a medical office, or over the Internet. The patient may then enter proof of payment at the medical device in the form of, for exarnple, a computer file, a code, or a SIM card. The medical device can then send payment information for the payment received and an identifier to the server system (908). The identifier may be a device identifier that uniquely identifies the particular medical device used by the patient. In other words, the device identifier can identify not merely a model or type of medical device, but a single, particular medical device. The identifier may be a patient identifier that identifies a particular patient associated with the medical device. Treatments can also be purchased for a patient by a third-party, for example, an insurance company. The third-party system can receive, for example, a prescription for treatment of the patient using the medical device (910). The third-party system can authorize one or more treatments using the medical device (912). For example, the third- party system can authorize the treatments identified in the received prescription. The third party system can send payment information and an identifier to the server system (914). The payment information can include information that enables a transaction to occur, for example, an authorization to charge an account or otherwise cause funds to be transferred, and can include information that indicates that payment has been performed. The 31 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 identifier can identify the patient associated with the prescription that was received in action (910). For example, the identifier can include a name of the patient, an insurance policy number for the patient, a prescription identifier, or other information relating to the patient. The identifier may also identify the medical device for the patient. The server system can receive payment information and an associated identifier from either the medical device or the third party system (916). The associated identifier can be a device identifier that uniquely identifies the medical device. The server system can match the payment described in the payment information with the patient and the medical device of the patient (918). The server system can store one or more associations between a patient o and the medical device configured to apply a medical treatment to the patient. For example, the server system can store records that associate patients with particular medical devices, patient identifiers, and medical device identifiers. The server system may use one or more received identifiers to determine which patient and device are associated with a payment. Specifically, the server system can determine that payment has been made for the patient for a particular number of treatments by the medical device. The determination can be made based on the received information that payment has been made for the patient. The server system can identify the medical device associated with the patient based on the stored association between the patient and the medical device and, for example, based on a received device identifier that uniquely identifies the medical device. The server system may also record the determination that payment has been made for the user and the identification of the medical device associated with the patient. The server system can generate an authorization code that can authorize the medical device associated with the patient to perform the purchased treatments (920). The authorization code can enable the number of treatments purchased by the patient or third- party payer. The authorization code can be generated so that the code only enables treatments of the particular medical device associated with the patient for whom payment was received. For example, the authorization code may be encoded or encrypted so that only the particular medical device associated with the payment can decode or decrypt the authorization code. The authorization code may include or be transmitted with a unique device identifier, and a medical device can be configured to enter an authorization code only 32 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 when a device identifier of the medical device matches the device identifier received with an authorization code. The server system can transmit the authorization code to the medical device (922). The authorization code may be transmitted, for example, over a cellular communication link to the medical device that the server system identified as being associated with the patient. The medical device can receive the authorization code (924). The authorization code may be a new authorization code that is received after an initial or prior authorization code that authorized different treatments. The new authorization code can be received after the medical device has provided an indication to the patient that more treatments need to be purchased, and the new authorization code can identify a number of additional treatments for which payment has been received. Referring to Fig. 9B, the medical device can decrypt or decode the authorization code (926). In one implementation, the medical device may decrypt the authorization code using a unique device identifier or decryption key stored on the medical device. The medical device may determine that an authorization code is authentic or intended for the particular medical device that received it. The medical device may determine, using decrypted or decoded data, what treatments are authorized. For example, the medical device may determine that a particular number of treatments are authorized. The medical device may also determine that treatment using the medical device should be modified in some way, for example, that two treatments are authorized each day instead of one treatment each day, or that the intensity of ultrasound produced should be changed. The medical device can store authorization inforrnation (928). For example, the medical device can store the number of treatments that the authorization code indicates should be authorized. The medical device can also store the authorization code received, the authorization information extracted from the received data, and other authorization information. In some instances, treatments using the medical device can be authorized without any input or action by the patient. For example, when a third-party payer sends payment to the server system, the medical device can be authorized without involvement from the patient. The medical device can determine whether treatrnent is authorized (929). For example, the medical device can determine whether treatment is authorized based on the 33 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 authorization code that was accessed by the medical device. The medical device can determine whether treatment authorized in response to receiving user input that treatment should be provided, in (902) or through later inputs. In the situation that the patient has attempted treatment with the medical device in (902), and subsequently entered payment needed to authorize treatment in (906), the medical device can proceed to apply the treatment after the determination is made that treatment is authorized. For example, the payment and authorization process may occur quickly so that the patient perceives very little delay between entering payment and the initiation of treatment. In one implementation, treatment may begin automatically when the patient has previously attempted to initiate treatment. Treatment may alternatively be delayed until the patient imitates treatment again or confirms that treatment should proceed. If the determination indicates that treatment is authorized, the medical device can control a driver circuit to apply treatment (930). For example, the medical device may control an ultrasound transducer driver circuit in a manner that causes one or more ultrasound transducers to produce ultrasound with therapeutic properties. For example, the driver circuit can be activated to drive one or more ultrasound transducers. The driver circuit may continue to drive the ultrasound transducers until treatment is complete. Of course, if the determination indicates that treatment is not authorized based on the authorization code (for example, if the authorization code is for a different medical device, or if the treatments .. authorized by that code have already been expended), the medical device can control the driver circuit so that treatment is not applied, for example, by not activating the driver circuit so that treatment is prevented. The driver circuit can be deactivated when treatment is finished (932). The medical device can store a record of the treatment applied (934). The medical device can also decrease the number of treatments authorized for the medical device (936). For example, if the medical device had received an authorization code that authorized twenty treatments of the medical device, after one treatment is completed, the medical device may update the number of authorized treatments to reflect that only nineteen treatments are currently authorized for the medical device. Referring to Fig. 10, a process 1000 for storing patient information can begin with a physician writing a prescription for a patient for treatment using a medical device (1002). To 34 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 carry out the prescribed treatment, a medical device can be dispensed to the patient (1004). The medical device can be authorized at the time the medical device is dispensed or at a later time. Records for the patient and the dispensed medical device can be entered into a database 1014 (1006). For example, the database 1014 may store a patient record 1010 that associates a particular medical device or treatment with a particular patient, in the example, a patient named "John Smith." The database 1014 may also store a prescription record 1012 that indicates the number of treatments that can be purchased for the patient. The number of treatments indicated in a prescription record 1012 may be authorized for application by the o medical device after payment has been received for the prescribed treatments. For example, the treatments can be enabled after a third-party payer agrees to pay for the treatments or after the patient enters payment at the medical device. The database 1014 may also store other records including records that identify patient identifiers and medical device identifiers. The information in the database can be accessed by one or more client devices 1018, 1020, a server system 1022, or other systems. For example, the server system 1022 may use the patient record 1010 to match payment to a particular medical device or patient. The records stored in the database 1014 may also be used to inform a third-party payer or patient the number of treatments that should be purchased to enable a treatment plan to be carried out. Referring to Fig. 11, the authorized use of the medical device 10 can be limited to a particular patient and/or geographic area. In some instances, it is desirable by an automated method to limit the use of a medical device by an unauthorized person or in an unauthorized geographic area, such as in a country where the device has not received regulatory approval or in which an unauthorized sale of the device circumvents the chain of distribution of the device. Other examples where "geolocking" of a medical device may be desirable is where devices are sold at different price points in different regions and it is desirable to limit the ability of a lower priced device to be sold in a higher priced region, where device have region specific chargers, include specific languages, or are designed for single patient use or multiple patient use such as in some hospitals. It is also desirable to limit a single patient use device from being shared with othcr than the intended patient by, for example, resale or shared use with friends or family Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 members, particularly where the device is a prescription device. The desire to limit such use is particularly applicable to medical devices such as the ExogenTM Ultrasound Bone Healing System sold by Smith & Nephew, Inc. that is easily transported. To limit, and preferably prevent, the use of a medical device 10 (Fig. 11) in an unauthorized geographic area, the medical device 10 includes hardware and software that determine the geographical location of the medical device 10 upon start-up and compare the determined geographical location to an authorized geographical location. The authorized geographical location can be, for example, programmed in the medical device 10 during the manufacturing process. Referring to Fig. 12, the medical device 10 include a GPS receiver 1210 to determine geographical location, and memory 1214 to store authorized operating areas for the medical device 10. Alternatively, the medical device 10 can use cell phone networks or Wi-Fi to determine geographical location. Referring to Fig. 13, the location of the medical device 10 is compared to an approved area 1318 in which treatment is authorized. If the geographical location 1320 of the device 10 is within the authorized area 1318, treatment begins. If the geographical location 1322 of the device 10 is in an unauthorized area 1324, no treatment is delivered. The device can include two-way communication, such as cellular, internet or wireless communication. To accommodate patient travel, the medical device 10 can be configured to accept over-the-air-updates to the authorized geographical location. As illustrated in Fig. 14, for "geolocking" purposes, the medical device 10 includes the GPS receiver 1412, an antenna 1430 connected to the GPS receiver 1412 via an amplifier 1432 and a filter 1434, and a crystal 1436, an integrated circuit 1438, and a regulator 1440. Advantageously, a medical device can be designed for use within only a specific geographical area, for example, a country or region as illustrated in Fig. 13, such that use of the device in unintended markets is limited or prevented. To limit, and preferably prevent, the use of the medical device 10 by an unauthorized person, the medical device 10 requires proof of patient identity using, for example, a key card or token issued to the user, a password, or physical evidence. For example, referring to Fig. 2, the medical device 10 includes hardware and software and a user interface 70 implemented on the device to identify the patient using a fingerprint, retinal scan, or voice recognition. 36 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 The identity of the user is compared to the stored patient identity and treatment is only authorized when the user is confirmed to be the patient. As illustrated in Fig. 15, for device authorization purposes, the medical device 10 includes, for example, a fingerprint sensor 1552, control electronics such as an integrated circuit 1554, and an EPROM 1556. Advantageously, the use of a fingerprint, retinal scan, or voice recognition ensures that the patient is at least present during the treatment. In situations where the patient is, for example, young or elderly, the identity of a supervising individual can alternatively or additionally be required. The fingerprint, voice or retinal scan of the authorized user is saved into the memory of the device when the device is prescribed and fitted by a responsible party, for example, a doctor, pharmacist or sales representative. Referring to Fig. 16, a method for limiting unauthorized use of the medical device 10 includes determining the geographic location of the medical device 10 and not allowing treatment to commence if the determined geographic location is outside an authorized geographic location, and/or includes determining user identity and not allowing treatment to commence if the determined user identity does not match an authorized identity. The medical device 10 includes means for determining the geographic location of the medical device 10 and means for determining user identity. Treatment is not allowed to commence if either the determined geographic location is outside an authorized geographic location or the determined user identity does not match an authorized identity. In use, the patient turns the device 10 on at step 1660, the device performs a self-test of the clock and configuration at step 1662, the patient, for example, scans his or her index finger over the fingerprint sensor 1552, and the device confirms the patient identity at step 1664. If the patient is the authorized user, the geographical location of the device is checked at step 1666. If the patient is not the authorized user, an authorization alarm is delivered at step 1668 and treatment will not commence. If the patient is the authorized user and the device 10 is within its authorized geographical location treatment can be started at step 1670. If the device 10 is not within its authorized geographical location, an authorization alarm is delivered at step 1668 and treatment will not commence. At steps 1672, 1674 and 1676, the device 10 monitors the time of use, allowing up to 20 minutes of treatment to be delivered before ending treatment. 3'7 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 The techniques described above are not limited to any particular hardware or software configuration. Rather, they may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of both. The methods and processes described may be implemented as computer programs that are executed on programmable computers comprising at least one processor and at least one data storage system. The programs may be implemented in a high-level programming language and may also be implemented in assembly or other lower level languages, if desired. Any such program will typically be stored on a computer-usable storage medium or device (e.g., CD-ROM, RAM, or magnetic disk). When read into the processor of the computer and executed, the instructions of the program cause the programmable computer to carry out the various operations described above. A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made. For example, the described features of presentation of messages selected for a particular patient, the collection and display of compliance information, and treatment authorization, and medical device locking based on identity or geographical location may be implemented for a single medical device. In addition, any subset of the features described can be implemented. Each of the message presentation, compliance information collection and display, treatment authorization, and medical device locking features may be implemented individually, separate from the other features described, or together in any combination. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. 38 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 CLAIMS: I. A medical device configured to communicate with a remote computer system, the medical device comprising: a treatment module configured to apply a medical treatment; and one or more processing devices configured to: receive, via a wireless network or a user input to the medical device, a treatment regimen that identifies a scheduled use of a treatment module associated with the medical device; responsive to receiving an activation code, control the treatment module to apply a medical treatment; record information that indicates occurrences of medical treatments using the medical device; compare the recorded information to the scheduled use to generate compliance information that reflects a patient's compliance with a treatment regimen involving the treatment module; access a device identifier that identifies the medical device; and send the compliance information with the accessed device identifier to the computer system that is configured to receive the compliance information and the device identifier, determine a patient identifier based on the device identifier, store the compliance information in association with the determined patient identifier, and provide access to the compliance information to one or more users in response to receiving an inquiry associated with the patient identifier. 2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein: the treatment module comprises at least one ultrasound transducer and at least one driver circuit coupled to the ultrasound transducer; and to control the treatment module to apply a medical treatment, the one or more processing devices are configured to control the driver circuit such that the driver 39 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 circuit causes the at least one ultrasound transducer to produce ultrasound with therapeutic properties. 3. The medical device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the compliance information includes at least one of: a number of treatments provided by the medical device; a date or time that a treatment was provided by the medical device; and a duration that a treatment was provided by the medical device. 4. The medical device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more processing devices of the medical device are further configured to: detect one or more errors of the medical device; and send information about the detected one or more errors with the device identifier to the computer system. 5. The medical device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more processing devices of the medical device are further configured to receive service information to address the detected errors of the medical device. 6. The medical device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to send the collected compliance information with the device identifier after the medical device has been used a predefined number of times. 7. The medical device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to determine whether the activation code is valid to activate the medical device and/or the treatment module. 8. The medical device of claim 7, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to send an activation confirmation message in response to determining that the activation code is valid. Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 9. The medical device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the activation code is combined with an authorization code that authorizes a particular number of treatments to be perfomied with the medical device. 10. The medical device of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the treatment regimen identifies the scheduled use of the medical device by a particular patient and the treatment regimen indicates to use the treatment module a plurality of times. 11. The medical device of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the wireless network comprises a cellular network. 12. A method of operating a medical device, the method comprising: receiving, via a wireless network or a user input to the medical device, a treatment regimen that identifies a scheduled use of a treatment module associated with the medical device, the medical device being configured to communicatively couple to a remote computer system; responsive to receiving an activation code, controlling the treatment module to apply a medical treatment; recording information that indicates occurrences of medical treatments using the medical device; comparing the recorded information to the scheduled use to generate compliance information that reflects a patient's compliance with a treatment regimen involving the treatment module; accessing a device identifier that identifies the medical device; and sending the compliance information with the accessed device identifier to the computer system that is configured to receive the compliance information and the device identifier, determine a patient identifier based on the device identifier, store the compliance information in association with the determined patient identifier, and provide access to the compliance information to one or more users in response to receiving an inquiry associated with the patient identifier. 41 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the compliance information includes at least one of: a number of treatments provided by the medical device; a date or time that a treatment was provided by the medical device; and a duration that a treatment was provided by the medical device. 14. The method of claim 12 or 13 further comprising: detecting one or more errors of the medical device; and sending information about the detected one or more errors with the accessed device identifier to the server computer system. 15. The medical device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 comprising a computer program for carrying out the method of any one of claims 12 to 13. 42 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 1/15 ) 111 EN% a _________________________________________________ I I I I 1111# I I I I I I 11111J1 IP":11M4 Ipippor / 32 16 it 18 rn11111111 Sik 14 1.1.11V 16 20 \ FIG. 1 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 Er o 0 c---12 o 18 64 c,16 ") 0") CELLULAR 9, SIGNAL TRANSDUCER TRANSCEIVER GENERATOR DRIVER 66 18 56 58 rvy_16 COMMUNICATION MODULE DRIVER CIRCUIT 54 NJ USER PROCESSING INTERFACE ______________________________ DEVICE(S) STORAGE MODULE ________________________________________________________________ DEVICE(S) 60 50 52 ," POWER SUPPLY 68 ________________________________________ PAYMENT MODULE ______________________________________ 62 FIG. 2 3/1 5 304 304 304 Dr. Smith You are Remember has y our using the prescribed top-selling this device treatment bone healing y day. for you. ever system. \7 12 Did you know that smoking 72 inhibits bone healing? 0) , 16 FIG. 3 =kert0, INKO 18 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 4/1 5 404 HEALTH CONDITION: BROKEN CLAVICLE 401 ___________________________________________ 20:00 406 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 402 Consistent treatment will 2 heal your broken 2 4 8 7 403 clavicle faster ___ f-404 14:30 ,-406 Please keep 7 your arm in the sling 404 FIG. 4 0:05 406 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 5/1 5 500 STORE MESSAGES ON DEVICE 502 RECEIVE INFORMATION ABOUT A HEALTH CONDITION 504 SELECT MESSAGES 506 CONTROL DRIVE CIRCUIT TO PRODUCE ULTRASOUND 508 DISPLAY SELECTED MESSAGES 510 FIG. 5 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 6/1 5 600a 600b 610 610 A ________________________________________________ A ___________ (_ __________________________________ r __________ D A006 AtO120 612 May .------- M T W Th F S Su ea ono nes 604 i MUM 11151aoOO 81211151151 606 E1131511212 4 __________________ } I/ 15112 \¨ 602 FIG. 6A FIG. 6B 620 628 622 SMTWTFcS4 I %/%,%/%/X ve¨ 626 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 JAN 624 1 19..57 , , '-) FIG. 60 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 7/1 5 1 0 KA. 712 L 12 0 16 710 730 dfitil- ). \ 720 FIG. 7 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 0 rd- x ,F, ,F, 0 rd- \ l / o ,F, .\¨ ,F, ,F, 808 804 c,_ F.) =Nt.2>-- c) F.) c) 6 0 9' (-; 1 0 / Network 806 PATIENT ID PAYMENT INFORMATION 06 Ili op 816 m 810 \(8-11611111 802 PAYMENT Ni. 11 INFORMATION = 0 P __ j o. 0 ¨ ,...,_,.. DEVICE ID ID ____________________________________________________________ 1.. tifig;k6Ree --. 812 M AUTHORIZATION 40 ' CODE _________________________________________________________________ C=, FIG. 8 814 9/15 902 MEDICAL SERVER THIRD-PARTY DEVICE SYSTEM SYSTEM ATTEMPT TREATMENT 902 * DETERMINE 1 AUTHORIZATION 903 RECEIVE * PRESCRIPTION FOR TREATMENT 910 NOTIFY PAYMENT NEEDED IFIN 1====11=1=111=1=111== 904 * AUTH+ORIZE 1 TREATMENT 912 PAYMENT RECEIVED 906 + SEND PAYMENT SEND PAYMENT INFORMATION, INFORMATION, Z PATIENT ID 914 DEVICE ID 908 RECEIVE PAYMENT, ID 916 + MATCH PAYMENT WITH PATIENT, DEVICE 918 * GENERATE AUTHORIZATION CODE 920 4, TRANSMIT A/ AUTHORIZATION CODE 922 RECEIVE AUTHORIZATION CODE 924 TO FIG. 9B FIG. 9A Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 10/15 FROM FIG. 9A DECRYPT AUTHORIZATION CODE 926 STORE AUTHORIZATION INFORMATION 928 DETERMINE AUTHORIZATION 929 ACTIVATE DRIVER CIRCUIT 930 DEACTIVATE DRIVER CIRCUIT 932 4, STORE RECORD OF TREATMENT APPLIED 934 DECREASE NUMBER OF TREATMENTS AVAILABLE 936 FIG. 9B Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 1 1 /1 5 PRESCRIBED FOR JOHN SMITH ) 1010 PRESCRIBED FOR 150 1016 CELLULAR / TREATMENTS WIRELESS 1012 SYSTEM PORTAL 1000 1014 PATIENT AND DEVICE PHYSICIAN WRITES .1\ PATIENT > RECORDS PRESCRIPTION --V RECEIVES _____ ENTERED > DATABASE DEVICE INTO 1002 1004 DATABASE , FIG. 10 1018 1022 1020 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 12/15 12 18 70 kkqp 16 A) tr;,11110, - IWO ro /- /- 0 FIG. 1 1 70 1210 ------------------------------------------------- GPS 1214 ----------------------------------------------- Software Memory o FIG. 12 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13 O ?-} X ,t9 (DC O World Map 6'2) X 1000 120 1400 1600 180 160 140 120 100 80' 60 40 20 0 20 40 600 80 1000 mom 80 ,....rs/ , _______________ a 1 NA "y 80 , ,, .,' õ......-...-.,:__,, 0 (1 D- 0" 0" 6 0 *#44 1\ .:::\õ = A\ 1"-' _____ 0 60 6 _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________ 0 93 El Aismionmiti. o , al _________________________ ii11111Fli P.9" 4 Z,/111-4.g '1324 ___ _ i ............................................................................... II, , no. d , o 40 - rAllir I Ili Pill 40 ll'aiV IV / .11,- , a 1 11 w EMI _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ' 20 20 iiili1 o r NE o - 1318 0 d 0 P __ D (A) .- - NV :V r . = , 7,4: - 1 o 0 () 0 20 200 te=== ..: "..,, +13. === =t= . i..:t-,t .= ' =.;;, = 40 . t'it11.1' i+74,01 40 +. -4. 46. = 60 60 80 X 80 1000 120 140 160 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 00 200 40 60 80 100 U8 AUTHORIZED AREA "" - .1'=1: EU AUTHORIZED AREA 0,0-"=-= AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND = =======-=' AUTHORIZED AREA JAPAN AUTHORIZED AREA \ \µs.k. CANADA AUTHORIZED AREA iiiiii ASIA AUTHORIZED AREA FIG. 13 14/15 r1430 GEO-LOCKING Antenna 1436 Crystal _______________________________________________ 1414 (,---1434 (1412 _______________ Amplifier Filter ¨ GPS Receiver ¨ IC __________________________________________________________ -1 1440 ---.\ 1438 Regulator ______________________________________________ FIG. 14 DEVICE AUTHORIZATION 1552 --, r1554 Fingerprint Sensor ___________________ Integrated Circuit __________________________________________________ 1556 EPROM -- FIG. 15 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-13
G16H 40/63 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
A61B 90/00 - Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups , e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
A61B 90/90 - Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags
G16H 40/40 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the management of medical equipment or devices, e.g. scheduling maintenance or upgrades
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to the treatment of wounds using negative pressure. Some embodiments disclosed herein provide for a foam pad, which may be suitable for use in abdominal wound sites, and which may be sized in a dimensionally- independent manner. Additional embodiments provide for a wound contact layer, as well as a system for the treatment of abdominal wounds.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A coupling system for receiving a push rod includes a housing defining an internal channel having a sloped wall, and a piston received within the internal channel. The piston includes at least one flexible member arranged within the channel to be acted upon by the sloped wall to engage the push rod. The only external force required to couple the push rod is an axial force on the piston in a direction. The only external force required to de-couple the push rod is an axial force on the piston in an opposite direction.
F04B 47/02 - Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
30.
APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY
Disclosed herein are several embodiments of a negative pressure appliance and methods of using the same in the treatment of wounds. Some embodiments are directed to improved fluidic connectors or suction adapters for connecting to a wound site, for example using softer, kink-free conformable suction adapters.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61F 13/36 - Surgical swabs, e.g. for absorbency or packing body cavities during surgery
Targeting sensors for use in targeting landmarks of orthopaedic devices. The sensors include a non-cylindrical mounting platform such as a printed circuit board and at least two mounted or printed sensor coils to provide a low profile sensor assembly which can be placed in a predetermined position and orientation on or in an orthopaedic device. The platform has a non-circular cross-section having an aspect ratio of greater than about 1.5:1. The non-circular cross-section of the platform enables the sensor to be placed in a known fixed position within the implant. The sensor coils may be partially or fully embedded in the platform.
Surgical instruments and procedures are disclosed that enable the injection of an optimal amount of curable resin and/or the placement of an internal fixation device in an intramedullary canal of a fractured bone. The disclosed instruments and procedures enable a surgeon to clear a portion of the canal of cancellous bone and marrow across the fracture site without damaging the cortical wall.
An apparatus for promoting the healing of an exuding wound includes a cover layer for positioning over a wound to define a reservoir over the wound. An exudate conduit having a fibrous core includes a plurality of fibers communicates with the reservoir for wicking fluids away from the wound.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
34.
FLUID COLLECTION CANISTER INCLUDING CANISTER TOP WITH FILTER MEMBRANE AND NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY SYSTEMS INCLUDING SAME
A fluid collection canister including a chamber to collect fluids and a canister top disposed over the chamber. The canister top includes a bottom side facing into the chamber, including first and second ribs disposed thereon, a filter membrane attached to the first and second ribs, a first port to communicate with the chamber and a pressure source external to the chamber, and a second port to communicate with the chamber and a sensor external to the chamber. The first port is in fluid communication with a first area, which is bounded by the filter membrane, the first and second ribs and the bottom side of the canister top. The second port is in fluid communication with a second area, which is bounded by the filter membrane, the second rib and the bottom side of the canister top.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
35.
SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING CONTINUAL DRAINAGE IN NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY
A system for subatmospheric pressure therapy in connection with healing a wound is provided. The system includes a wound dressing cover dimensioned for positioning relative to a wound bed of a subject to establish a reservoir over the wound bed in which subatmospheric pressure may be maintained, a subatmospheric pressure mechanism including, a housing, a vacuum source disposed in the housing, and a collection canister in fluid communication with the vacuum source. The system further includes an exudate conduit in fluid communication with the wound dressing and the collection canister for collecting exudate removed from the reservoir and deposited in the collection canister under influence of the vacuum source and a vent conduit in fluid communication with the collection canister and the wound dressing for introducing air into the reservoir to facilitate flow of exudate through the exudate conduit.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
36.
SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING CONTINUAL DRAINAGE IN NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY
A system for subatmospheric pressure therapy in connection with healing a wound is provided. The system includes a wound dressing cover dimensioned for positioning relative to a wound bed of a subject to establish a reservoir over the wound bed in which subatmospheric pressure may be maintained, a subatmospheric pressure mechanism including, a housing, a vacuum source disposed in the housing, and a collection canister in fluid communication with the vacuum source. The system further includes an exudate conduit in fluid communication with the wound dressing and the collection canister for collecting exudate removed from the reservoir and deposited in the collection canister under influence of the vacuum source and a vent conduit in fluid communication with the collection canister and the wound dressing for introducing air into the reservoir to facilitate flow of exudate through the exudate conduit.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A method for treating a wound that includes incorporating a wound dressing comprising a plurality of fibers, each fiber having a length of at least two (2) inches, into a wound to cause the walls of the wound to remain apart and allow the wound to heal from the inside to the outside, and removing the wound exudate.
A portable NPWT system includes a dressing assembly for positioning over a wound to apply a negative pressure to the wound and a canister assembly. The canister assembly includes a control unit having a vacuum source and a controller and a collection canister in communication with the dressing assembly operable to receive fluid from the wound. The collection canister has ports to introduce a vacuum from the vacuum source into the collection canister. A ball float is provided to substantially close the suction port in response to one of collection of a predetermined volume of exudate in the collection canister, tilting of the collection canister beyond a predetermined angle of orientation or inversion of the collection canister.
A wound therapy device which may include a gasket distally spaced from an absorptive pad and an edge of a backing material. The device may also include an adaptor and tube portion with a connector located distally from a port hole in the backing material In addition, a method of manufacturing a wound therapy device including using a port hole as a registration point.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61F 13/15 - Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
A61F 13/84 - Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
A wound therapy device which may include a gasket distally spaced from an absorptive pad and an edge of a backing material. The device may also include an adaptor and tube portion with a connector located distally from a port hole in the backing material. In addition, a method of manufacturing a wound therapy device including using a port hole as a registration point.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61F 13/15 - Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
A61F 13/84 - Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
41.
SHEAR RESISTANT WOUND DRESSING FOR USE IN VACUUM WOUND THERAPY
A cover layer for a vacuum wound therapy dressing includes a backing layer formed from a flexible polymeric membrane and an adhesive layer for affixing the backing layer over a wound bed to provide a substantially fluid-tight seal around a perimeter of the wound bed. The cover layer is reinforced with a reinforcement layer extending to a peripheral region of the backing layer to distribute forces associated with evacuating a reservoir, as defined by or within the cover, to stimulate healing of the wound bed.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
The present disclosure describes a dressing for use in a vacuum wound therapy procedure to promote healing of a wound. The dressing includes a cover layer for positioning over a wound to define a reservoir in which a reduced pressure may be maintained over the wound. A portal member is mounted relative to the cover layer and defines a fluid passage for fluid coupling with a reduced pressure supply conduit for creating the reduced pressure within the reservoir. A filter screen is mounted relative to the fluid passage and is dimensioned to minimize passage of tissue particles of predetermined dimension through the fluid passage of the portal member.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
43.
VACUUM WOUND THERAPY WOUND DRESSING WITH VARIABLE PERFORMANCE ZONES
A dressing for an open wound includes a cover layer dimensioned for positioning relative to a wound bed. The cover layer permits an evacuation of the space around the wound bed such that a sub-atmospheric pressure may be established to stimulate healing and facilitate the removal of fluid from the wound. Multiple performance zones in the cover layer allow the wound dressing to remain in position through repeated cycles of evacuation without placing undue strain on the wound bed. An outer peripheral zone may include a high peal-strength adhesive while an intermediate zone may include a shear resistant adhesive. A central zone may be devoid of any coating to maximize moisture transmission through cover layer.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A wound dressing for use in a vacuum wound therapy treatment includes a backing layer for positioning over a wound to define a reservoir in which a reduced pressure may be maintained over the wound. A portal member affixed to the backing layer provides a connection to a reduced pressure source through an opening in an ambient surface. A primary port extends between the opening and a primary aperture in a reservoir surface to providing fluid communication between the reservoir and the reduced pressure source. At least one supplemental port establishes fluid communication between the primary port and a supplemental aperture in the reservoir surface that is distinct and substantially spaced from the primary aperture.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
45.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE MECHANICAL AXIS OF A FEMUR
A method positions a profile of a pros-thetic component on the three-dimensional model of a limb. Patient-specific anatomical data of the limb is gathered. First and second anatomical landmarks are identified to determine a first spatial relationship. A third anatomical landmark is identified to determine a second spatial relationship with respect to the first spatial relationship. The profile of the prosthetic com-ponent is positioned in all but one degree of freedom. A fourth anatomical landmark is identified to position the profile of the prosthetic component in the one re-maining degree of freedom.
A system (10) for preparing a long bone for a prosthetic, the long bone having a long axis comprises a distal instrument (12) and a proximal instrument (14). The distal instrument (12) is configured to remove bone from a distal portion of bone. The distal instrument (12) has a bone removing portion (16) configured to remove bone along the long axis of the long bone and a shaft (18) extending from the bone removing portion (16) along the long axis of the long bone. The proximal instrument (14) is configured to overlie the shaft (18) of the distal element (12) within the long bone. The distal shaft (18) guides the proximal instrument (14) to prepare the proximal portion of the long bone after the distal instrument (12) has prepared the distal portion of the long bone.
Embodiments of the present application relate generally to provisional orthopedic components, and specifically, to a trial system including a cam module (10) and a trial femoral component (100) that can be used during joint replacement surgery. The systems and methods described help a surgeon prepare a patient's bone to receive a permanent implant by providing a system that can be used to guide preparatory box cuts, and that can then be completed with a cam module (10) - without removal from the patient's bone - so that the same component can be used for the trialing process.
A portable system for subatmospheric pressure therapy in connection with healing a surgical wound, includes a wound dressing dimensioned for positioning relative to a wound bed of a subject, a portable subatmospheric pressure mechanism dimensioned to be carried or worn by the subject and a container for collecting exudates from the wound bed removed under the subatmospheric pressure supplied by the subatmospheric pressure mechanism. The portable subatmospheric pressure mechanism includes a housing, a subatmospheric pressure source disposed within the housing and in fluid communication with the wound dressing to supply subatmospheric pressure to the wound dressing and a power source mounted to or within the housing for supplying power to actuate the subatmospheric pressure source.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A portable system for subatmospheric pressure therapy in connection with healing a surgical wound, includes a wound dressing dimensioned for positioning relative to a wound bed of a subject, a portable subatmospheric pressure mechanism dimensioned to be carried or worn by the subject and a container for collecting exudates from the wound bed removed under the subatmospheric pressure supplied by the subatmospheric pressure mechanism. The portable subatmospheric pressure mechanism includes a housing, a subatmospheric pressure source disposed within the housing and in fluid communication with the wound dressing to supply subatmospheric pressure to the wound dressing and a power source mounted to or within the housing for supplying power to actuate the subatmospheric pressure source.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A wound therapy device is disclosed. The wound therapy device may include a housing for covering at least a portion of a wound and for sealing to a body surface of a patient. The housing may also include a liquid-retention chamber for retaining liquid therein and a vacuum connection for coupling to a vacuum source. The vacuum connection may be in gaseous communication with the liquid-retention chamber. The vacuum connection may be separated from the liquid-retention chamber by a liquid barrier.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A wound therapy device is disclosed. The wound therapy device may include a housing for covering at least a portion of a wound and for sealing to a body surface of a patient. The housing may also include a liquid collector for retaining liquid therein and a vacuum connection for coupling to a vacuum source. The vacuum connection may be in gaseous communication with the liquid collector. The vacuum connection may be separated from the liquid collector by a liquid barrier.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
52.
ACETABULAR CUP ASSEMBLY FOR MULTIPLE BEARING MATERIALS
A modular acetabular cup assembly (10, 100, 200, 300, 350) for use with multiple bearing liners (32, 110, 212, 310, 354) is disclosed. The acetabular cup assembly includes a shell (12) having a tapered inner wall (28) and two circumferential grooves (24, 26). The shell (12) may be used with polyethylene, ceramic, metal, and other types of liners.
A wound dressing system includes a fluid permeable support member for positioning within a wound and adapted to generally conform to a topography of a wound, a plurality of beads supported by the support member, an outer member for positioning over the wound to substantially enclose the beads and a conduit for supplying reduced pressure to the wound. The support member is adapted to permit exudates from the wound to pass therethrough. The beads are characterized by having sufficient rigidity to substantially maintain respective shapes thereof to thereby facilitate passage of the exudates through spaces or passages defined between adjacent beads. The beads may comprise glass, an acrylic or a polymeric material. The support member may comprise a polymeric or fabric material. The support member may be an enclosure member or pouch which houses the beads. Multiple pouches are also envisioned.
A61F 15/00 - Auxiliary appliances for wound dressings; Dispensing containers for dressings or bandages
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61M 39/00 - Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
A device, for example a medical implant, and a method of making the same, the device having a metal or metal alloy substrate, for example CoCr, and a diffusion hardened metallic surface, for example a plasma carburized surface, contacting a non-diffusion hardened surface or a diffusion hardened surface having a diffusion hardening species different from that of the opposing surface.
C23C 8/36 - Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
A locking instrument assembly (10, 200, 400, 500) for use in conjunction with an intramedullary device (100) is disclosed. The locking instrument assembly (10, 200, 400, 500) includes an inner collet (12, 70, 212, 412, 512), an outer body (30, 80, 230, 430, 530), and a knob (60, 90, 260, 460, 560). The inner collet (12, 70, 212, 412, 512) has a collar (20, 79, 220, 420, 520) and a fastener member (22, 222, 422). The knob (60, 90, 260, 460, 560) engages the fastener member (22, 222, 422) to press the outer body (30, 80, 230, 430, 530) against the collar (20, 79, 220, 420, 520). As the knob (60, 90, 260, 460, 560) mates with the fastener member (22, 222, 422), the collar (20, 79, 220, 420, 520) applies a clamping force to the intramedullary device (100).
The composite wound dressing apparatus promotes healing of a wound via the use of an external peristaltic vacuum pump. The external. peristaltic pump applies a vacuum pressure to the wound to effectively draw wound fluid or exudate away from the wound bed. The external peristaltic pump is tethered to the wound dressing and is portable, preferably, carried by the patient in a support bag, which permits patient mobility. Moreover, the patient does not need to be constrained for any period of time while exudate is being removed from the wound.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61F 13/00 - Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
The composite wound dressing apparatus promotes healing of a wound via the use of an external peristaltic vacuum pump. The external peristaltic pump applies a vacuum pressure to the wound to effectively draw wound fluid or exudate away from the wound bed. The external peristaltic pump is tethered to the wound dressing and is portable, preferably, carried by the patient in a support bag, which permits patient mobility. Moreover, the patient does not need to be constrained for any period of time while exudate is being removed from the wound.
A61F 15/00 - Auxiliary appliances for wound dressings; Dispensing containers for dressings or bandages
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
The composite wound dressing apparatus promotes healing of a wound via the use of an external peristaltic vacuum pump. The external peristaltic pump applies a vacuum pressure to the wound to effectively draw wound fluid or exudate away from the wound bed. The external peristaltic pump is tethered to the wound dressing and is portable, preferably, carried by the patient in a support bag, which permits patient mobility. Moreover, the patient does not need to be constrained for any period of time while exudate is being removed from the wound.
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61F 15/00 - Auxiliary appliances for wound dressings; Dispensing containers for dressings or bandages
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
Abstract A wound treatment apparatus promotes healing of a wound via the use of a negative pressure system. The negative pressure system applies negative pressure to the wound through perforations in a contact layer of a wound dressing. The wound dressing also includes a capillary layer and an absorbent layer above the contact layer. The capillary layer allows transmission of fluid away from the wound site. The absorbent layer comprises a super absorbent polymer material and forms a reservoir for fluid removed from the wound site. Date Recue/Date Received 2020-10-21
A61F 13/84 - Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
A61F 13/15 - Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
A61F 13/42 - Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
A61F 15/00 - Auxiliary appliances for wound dressings; Dispensing containers for dressings or bandages
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like
A61L 15/22 - Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
Embodiments of the present invention allow unlimited rotational alignment between two boundaries for alignment with anatomic landmarks while still referencing both posterior condyles for A/P sizing of the distal femur. In particular embodiments, the system provides at least one movable paddle that provides a reference point from the condyles so that the measuring assembly can be aligned to be parallel with the epicondylar axis. Once the measuring assembly is properly angled, the A/P length of the bone can then be measured from a proper reference point.
Various embodiment of the present invention provide a distal femoral trial that allows a surgeon to cut the central box geometry of a distal femur using an implant-shaped trial. The trial includes a cutting guide that is removable from the trial and adjustable with respect to the trial. The guide is intended to control the depth and direction of the cutting instruments used to prepare the femur for the a posterior stabilized implant.
A coating of blue-black or black oxidized zirconium of uniform and controlled thickness on a zirconium or zirconium alloy material is accomplished through the oxidative treatment of an amorphous zirconium or zirconium alloy substrate having an altered surface roughness. An oxidized zirconium coating of uniform and controlled thickness is especially useful on orthopedic implants of zirconium or zirconium-based alloys to provide low friction, highly wear resistant surfaces on artificial joints, such as, but not limited to, hip joints, knee joints, shoulders, elbows, and spinal implants. The uniformly thick oxidized zirconium surface of controlled depth on prostheses provide a barrier against implant corrosion caused by ionization of the metal prostheses. The invention is also useful in non-articulating implant devices such as bone plates, bone screws, etc.
C23C 8/40 - Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
C23C 8/60 - Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
A wound treatment appliance is provided that generally comprises an impermeable flexible overlay that covers all or a portion of a wound for purposes of applying a reduced pressure to the covered portion of the wound. When reduced pressure is applied to the flexible overlay, it collapses in the approximate direction of the wound, producing an approximately hermetic seal between the flexible overlay and the body in the area of the wound. In addition, the appliance may further comprise a collection chamber to collect and store exudate from the wound. The appliance may also comprise a vacuum system to supply reduced pressure to the wound in the area under the flexible overlay. Further, the appliance may include wound packing means to assist in wound healing. The appliance may also include a suction drain. Finally, methods are provided for using the appliance.
A61M 1/00 - Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
A61F 15/00 - Auxiliary appliances for wound dressings; Dispensing containers for dressings or bandages
A knee prosthesis (100) is provided that allows for increased flexion. The knee prosthesis includes (a) a femoral component (200) adapted to fit on a distal end of the femur which includes a lateral condylar structure and a medial condylar structure (202) and (b) an intermediate structure (400) configured to cooperate with a femoral component of a knee prosthesis. The intermediate structure includes at least one surface (402) for contacting the femoral component and a transition (432, 436) of a sagittal curvature of the at least one contact surface from a concave surface into a convex surface at the contact interface of the femoral component and the intermediate structure when the knee is flexed at approximately 120~ to 140~. The knee prosthesis minimizes impingement on the femoral posterior cortex in deep flexion, increases the dislocation safety factor and allows for easier reengagement of the articular surface should the femoral component externally rotate off of the tibial plateau.
An apparatus for treating fractures. The apparatus may include one or both of an implant, such as an intramedullary nail (100), and a fastening assembly (200)), such as a lag screw (202) and compression screw assembly (204). The implant has a proximal section with a transverse aperture (118). The fastening assembly may be received to slide, in a controlled way, in the transverse aperture of the implant. The engaging member and the compression device are configured so that the compression device interacts with a portion of the implant and a portion of the engaging member to enable controlled movement between the first and second bone fragments. This configuration is useful for, among other things, compressing a fracture.
A device is disclosed for treating fractures. The device may include one or both of stabilizing structure, such as a plate (150, 170), and a fastening assembly (200), such as a lag screw (202) and compression screw (204) assembly. The fastening assembly may be received to slide, in a controlled way, in the transverse aperture (118) of the structure. In some embodiments, the engaging member and the compression device are configured so that the compression device interacts with a portion of the structure and a portion of the engaging member to enable controlled movement between the first and second bone fragments. This configuration is useful for, among other things, compressing a fracture.
A mobile bearing knee prosthesis enables a surgeon to convert a mobile bearing insert having articular surfaces, supported by a tibial baseplate or tray from a rotating and translating prosthesis to one that rotates only. This conversion is accomphished with a fastener or locking member that connects through an opening in the insert to the tibial baseplate. This proximal can be used as part of a total knee surgery when the surgeon chooses to use a prosthesis that incorporates a movable articular surface. In one embodiment, a projecting portion extends proximally from the insert and cooperates with a cam on the femoral component. The projecting can be a post extending up from the proximal surface of the insert and the femoral component includes an intercondylar surface that may contact the post to constrain the relative motion between the femoral component and the insert. In another embodiment, the insert is a two part assembly that includes a larger member with a central opening and a smaller member that fits the opening.
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