An operating method for a LiDAR system, in particular of the compressed sensing type. On the emission side, primary light is emitted in an unstructured manner into a visual field for the illumination thereof, and on the receiving side, light from the visual field is received as secondary light, is converted by light structuring using a predefined, fixed, and temporally constant, matrix-like pattern, into restructured secondary light having at least one matrix-like light pattern consisting of columnar patterns, and for detection, is respectively imaged column by column using the columnar patterns on an associated common detector element of a detector arrangement and detected as a whole.
The invention relates to a turbomachine (1) for supplying air to a fuel cell system, comprising at least one compressor wheel (3) conjointly connected to a shaft (2), and an electric motor (4) for driving the shaft (2), the compressor wheel (3) being connected via a hub portion (5) to a preferably hollow-cylinder-shaped shaft portion (6) of the shaft (2). According to the invention, at least one air channel (7, 8) is formed in the hub portion (5), by means of which air channel a compressor inlet (9) is connected to an annular space (10) on the side of the compressor wheel (3) facing away from the compressor inlet (9) such that substantially the same air pressure is present on both sides of the compressor wheel (3). The invention further relates to a method for operating a turbomachine (1).
A system and method include dividing a source image into a plurality of source regions, which are portions of the source image that correspond to a plurality of grid regions. A mask is used to create a first masked region that masks a first source region and a first unmasked region that comprises a second source region. A first inpainted region is generated by inpainting the first masked region based on the second source region. Similarity data is generated based on a similarity assessment. A protected image is generated that includes at least (i) the first masked region at a first grid region when the similarity data indicates that the first source region is not similar to the first inpainted region and (ii) the first inpainted region at the first grid region when the similarity data indicates that the first source region is similar to the first inpainted region.
A computer-implemented method for generating labelled training images characterizing manipulation of a plurality of stackable objects in a workspace. The method includes: obtaining a first training image subset obtained at a first time index comprising a depth map and a visual image of a plurality of stackable objects in a stacking region of a workspace; obtaining a second training image subset obtained at a second time index comprising a depth map and a visual image of the stacking region in the workspace, wherein the second training image subset characterizes a changed spatial state of the stacking region; computing a depth difference mask based on the depth maps; computing a visual difference mask based on the visual images of the first and second training image subsets; generating an annotated segmentation mask using the depth difference mask and/or the visual difference mask.
A method for improving safety precautions for vehicles. The method includes: obtaining, from one or from each of a plurality of vehicles moving in an at least partially automated manner, if a safety metric is fulfilled at a time point in the vehicle, scenario information and safety metric information; determining a relevance distribution of at least one safety metric of the scenario present at that time point, which indicates how often a respective safety metric is or has been fulfilled in that scenario; comparing the determined relevance distribution to relevance distributions of at least one already existing scenarios; determining the scenario to be a potential trigger event if the relevance distribution of the scenario present at that time point matches a relevance distribution of at least one already existing scenario for which a trigger event is defined; and providing information about the potential trigger event.
A method for operating a vehicle with a driver assistance system. A distance function of the driver assistance system regulates a distance from a preceding target object using system interventions in a brake system and/or a drive system of the vehicle to a speed-dependent safety distance, wherein the distance function is degraded during cornering of the vehicle.
A semiconductor component that is designed as a trench MISFET. The semiconductor component includes a substrate made of gallium nitride (GaN), a drift layer situated thereon, a barrier layer, and a source region situated thereabove. The source region includes a gate trench that extends from the source region into the underlying barrier layer.
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
H01L 21/265 - Bombardment with wave or particle radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
H01L 21/28 - Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups
H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
H01L 29/423 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
A system for the infrastructure-supported assistance of a motor vehicle guided with at least partial automation within a parking lot. The system includes: a data-processing device, which is designed to ascertain infrastructure assistance data for the infrastructure-supported assistance of the motor vehicle guided with at least partial automation within the parking lot; a communication device, which is designed to transmit the infrastructure assistance data to the motor vehicle over a communication network; and a controller, which is designed such that, when an error of at least one of the data-processing device and the communication device during the infrastructure-supported assistance is detected, the controller switches to a safe state, such that communication between the system and the motor vehicle is at least disturbed, in particular interrupted.
H04W 4/44 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
A lidar device having a light source, a detector, and a mirror device. The light source has a main radiation direction and the detector has a main detection direction. The mirror device is rotatable about an axis and has a facet wheel with a number of facets. The main radiation direction and the main detection direction stand at a predetermined angle to each other, the predetermined angle being a function of the number of facets. A light beam emitted from the light source is reflected by a first facet and a light beam reflected back from an object is reflected by a second facet. Here the first facet and the second facet are different.
A method for operating an electric bike includes a braking system and a drive unit which is actuable in a controlled manner, with the braking system including an actuator which is actuable in a controlled manner for generating a braking torque in a controlled manner. The method includes generating a braking torque in a controlled manner by way of the braking system and generating a driving torque in a controlled manner by way of the drive unit. The generation of the braking torque in a controlled manner and the generation of the driving torque in a controlled manner are performed simultaneously and depending on one another in order to decelerate the electric bike at a predetermined total braking torque, or to accelerate at a predetermined total driving torque.
B62M 6/50 - Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof
B60T 8/17 - Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
B60T 8/1761 - Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS responsive to wheel or brake dynamics, e.g. wheel slip, wheel acceleration or rate of change of brake fluid pressure
11.
BIPOLAR PLATE FOR AN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL, ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
The invention relates to a bipolar plate (7) for an electrochemical cell (1), said bipolar plate comprising at least one first monopolar plate (13) having a first bead (15) and a second monopolar plate (17) having a second bead (19), the first bead (15) and the second bead (19) being arranged opposite one another and forming a channel (21), the first bead (15) and the second bead (19) each comprising a central base surface (23) and at least two inclined surfaces (24) and the first bead (15) and/or the second bead (19) comprising at least one outer base surface (25), and wherein the at least one outer base surface (25) and/or the central base surface (23) have at least one opening (27) for the passage of at least one medium (29). The invention also relates to an arrangement of electrochemical cells (1) and a method for operating an arrangement of electrochemical cells (1).
H01M 8/0258 - Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
A computer-implemented method for training a machine learning system. The training includes: determining, by an encoder of the machine learning system and based on a training input signal, a first intermediate representation characterizing a mean of a latent distribution of a latent space and a second intermediate representation characterizing a variance and/or covariance of the latent distribution; determining, based on the first intermediate representation and the second intermediate representation, a plurality of sigma points with respect to the latent distribution; determining an output signal, wherein the output signal is determined by providing a randomly sampled sigma point of the plurality of sigma points to a decoder of the machine learning system; adapting the machine learning system based on a loss value, wherein the loss value characterizes a difference between the training input signal and the output signal.
A device and computer-implemented method for determining a class of an element of an image in particular for operating a technical system. The method includes providing a first set of elements representing the image, providing a set of masks, determining a set of predictions for the class, and determining the class of the element depending on the set of predictions, wherein determining the set of predictions comprises determining a second set of elements representing the image depending on the first set of elements and a mask of the set of masks, wherein the mask indicates unmasked elements of the image and/or masked elements of the image, and determining a prediction for the set of predictions depending on the second set of elements.
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
G06V 10/22 - Image preprocessing by selection of a specific region containing or referencing a pattern; Locating or processing of specific regions to guide the detection or recognition
G06V 20/70 - Labelling scene content, e.g. deriving syntactic or semantic representations
14.
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FOR A HIGH-VOLTAGE NETWORK OF A VEHICLE
An electrical circuit for a vehicle high-voltage network, the network including two electrical stores. The circuit includes first and second connection points for electrical connection to a load and/or charging device, a first switch between a first pole connector, for electrical contacting a first pole of a first electrical store, and the first connection point, a second switch between a second pole connector, for electrical contacting a second pole of a second electrical store, and the second connection point, a third switch between the first pole connector and a third pole connector, for electrical contacting a first pole of the second electrical store, and a fourth switch between the second pole connector and a fourth pole connector, for electrical contacting a second pole of the first electrical store. The switches are switchable between connecting and separating states. The first and/or second switches galvanically separate in the separating state.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
B60L 53/16 - Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
15.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A CONTROL DEVICE, AND CONTROL DEVICE
A method for operating a control device for a vehicle, in which software in a first version intended for an operation of the control device and an item of control information are stored. The control device is developed to receive the software intended for the operation of the control device in a second version, which differs from the first version, and to store it in a memory unit, the second version being identifiable by an indication identifying the software. The method includes: receiving at least one indication which identifies the software to be installed; checking whether storing of the software to be installed is permitted based on the indication identifying the software to be installed and the control information; and if the storing of the software to be installed is permitted, storing the software to be installed in the memory unit.
A wireless communication method for dynamically adapting resource reservation of a sidelink channel using semi-persistent scheduling. The method includes receiving, at a first item of user equipment, a first and a second item of data for transmission via a semi persistent scheduling mode, and a status indication of a shared wireless resource pool of the first item of user equipment and one or more second items of user equipment; notifying, by the first item of user equipment, an initial semi persistent scheduling reservation for the first item of data to the one or more second items of user equipment via the shared resource pool; notifying, by the first item of user equipment, one or more second items of user equipment of a reservation of a wireless resource defined in the shared wireless resource pool according to a declaration comprised in a further semi-persistent scheduling reservation of the sidelink channel.
A calibration device and method for a test system. First and second oscillators are actuated in such a way that a first signal which varies with a specified target frequency and a second signal which varies in phase with the first signal are output. A phase rotation device is actuated taking into account a target phase shift angle of 90° between the phase-shifted first signal and the second signal or between the phase-shifted first signal and the phase-shifted second signal such that an actual phase shift angle is produced. The phase-shifted first signal is mixed using a signal mixing device with the second signal or phase-shifted second signal to form an output signal. Deviation information is ascertained relating to a deviation of the actual phase shift angle from the target phase shift angle, taking into account the output signal.
A method for model training, an image edge detection method, a multi-sensor calibration method, a computer program product, and a computer device is disclosed. The model is used to generate occlusion relationships between pixel pairs. The model training method comprises: constructing an initial model; obtaining multiple training images and reference annotation results for each training image, wherein each training image comprises RGB features and depth features, and the reference annotation results for each training image are annotation results of occlusion relationships between adjacent pixel pairs in said training image generated based on the depth features of said training image; respectively using the RGB features of the multiple training images as inputs to the initial model, using the reference annotation results corresponding to the input training images as outputs of the initial model, and training the initial model to obtain a well-trained model.
G06T 7/80 - Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
G06V 10/26 - Segmentation of patterns in the image field; Cutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniques; Detection of occlusion
G06V 20/54 - Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects of traffic, e.g. cars on the road, trains or boats
G06V 20/70 - Labelling scene content, e.g. deriving syntactic or semantic representations
19.
DEVICE FOR HOLDING AND FASTENING A BUS BAR TO A SUBSTRATE, IN PARTICULAR TO A METALLIC HOUSING
The invention relates to a device for holding and fastening a bus bar (1) to a substrate (2), in particular to a metallic housing (10), having:
a metallic supporting body (3) for supporting the bus bar (1) on the substrate (2),
a thermally conductive and electrically insulating intermediate layer (4) for arrangement between the supporting body (3) and the substrate (2),
a holding element (6) which can be fixed to the substrate (2) with the aid of a fastener (5), and
a clamping and/or resilient element (7) for applying a preloading force to the supporting body (3) in the direction of the substrate (2) directly or indirectly via the holding element (6).
The invention also relates to a metallic housing (10) having a device according to the invention.
A semiconductor component designed as a vertical HEMT. The semiconductor component includes a substrate made of gallium nitride (GaN), a drift layer arranged thereon, and a heteroepitaxial structure which is arranged thereabove, is laterally contacted by source electrodes and is suitable for providing a conductive channel by forming a two-dimensional electron gas.
H01L 29/778 - Field-effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT
H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
H01L 29/423 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
A radar system for motor vehicles. The radar system has multiple transceiver units, which are situated on separate installation supports for the installation in different locations in the motor vehicle and are connected to one another by a synchronization network. Each of the transceiver units has a scanning module for scanning radar signals received on a plurality of channels in the form of a time signals. Each installation support has a raw-data interface for the transmission of the time signal of the transceiver unit to a central evaluation instance. The central evaluation instance is configured to jointly evaluate the time signals from the plurality of transceiver units.
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
The invention relates to an ignition device (1) for an internal combustion engine, more particularly for a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine, comprising a primary circuit (2.1) and a secondary circuit (2.2), wherein—the primary circuit (2.1) has a primary coil (3), wherein—the secondary circuit (2.2) has a secondary coil (4) inductively coupled to the primary coil (3), a diode (5) for suppressing a start-up spark, and a high-voltage connector (6) for connection to a spark plug (7), characterized in that a parallel path (10) is formed electrically in parallel to the diode (5) of the secondary circuit (2.2), in which parallel path there is arranged an ohmic load resistor (11) or an electric switch (20) and by means of which parallel path residual energy, in particular residual voltage, which remains in the secondary circuit (2.2) following discharge of the ignition device (1), can be extinguished, in particular by feeding the residual energy in the secondary circuit (2.2) past the diode (5), bypassing the diode (5).
A method for the early recognition of a stopping position for a driver assistance system of an ego vehicle at a stop signal by a light signal system. An enlarged working area and increased possible speeds are achieved in that a stop signal of a light signal system for an ego roadway of the ego vehicle is recognized; if a stop signal is recognized, the ego roadway is searched for a crosswalk, wherein if a crosswalk is recognized, the crosswalk is used for the early recognition of a stopping position of the ego vehicle. A computer program product for performing the method and a motor vehicle performing the method are also described.
G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
24.
Redundant Vehicle Braking System and its Electronic Control Unit and Control Method Thereof
A redundant vehicle braking system and its electronic control unit and control method thereof is disclosed. The redundant braking system is coupled to the main braking system of the vehicle. The electronic control unit comprises: a receiving module configured to receive a status signal indicating the status of the main braking system and a sensor signal indicating a driver input condition to the brake pedal and a vehicle speed condition; an activation module configured to activate the braking assist function of the redundant braking system when it is judged that the main braking system has entered a mechanical backup state based on the status signal; and a braking assist module configured to, upon activation of the braking assist function, execute a corresponding one of a plurality of braking assist modes based on the sensor signal, wherein the plurality of braking assist modes comprise: a standby mode, a first-assist adjustable mode, a second-assist adjustable mode, and a braking pressure holding mode.
B60T 8/88 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
B60T 8/172 - Determining control parameters used in the regulation, e.g. by calculations involving measured or detected parameters
B60T 8/1755 - Brake regulation specially adapted to control the stability of the vehicle, e.g. taking into account yaw rate or transverse acceleration in a curve
B60T 8/32 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
B60T 8/92 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means automatically taking corrective action
B60T 13/62 - Combined or convertible systems both straight and automatic
B60T 13/68 - Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
25.
Method for Operating a Drive Unit of an Electric Bicycle
A method for operating a drive unit of an electric bicycle is disclosed. The method includes: determining a cadence of a crank drive of the electric bicycle, and operating the drive unit in a controlled manner to generate a drive power as a function of the determined cadence and on the basis of a power characteristics map of the drive unit. The power characteristics map includes a power characteristic curve which defines a predetermined relationship between the drive power of the drive unit and the current cadence, and the power characteristics map includes a maximum power range within which the power characteristic curve defines a maximum drive power of the drive unit. The maximum power range is within a cadence range that can be set by a rider of the electric bicycle.
A semiconductor component, in particular diode or transistor. The semiconductor component includes two electrodes configured vertically one above the other, a substrate (102) made of gallium nitride, and a shielding layer for forming a space charge zone for shielding of an electric field when the semiconductor component is connected in a blocking operation or reverse direction.
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
A method for determining the position and orientation of a vehicle within a retrieval position which is encompassed by a parking area and at which the vehicle is to be retrieved after an automatic parking process. The position and orientation of the vehicle within the retrieval position are determined on the basis of at least one specified comfort condition. In particular, the comfort condition comprises: —a minimum distance between one or more lateral surfaces or doors of the vehicle and one or more structural elements of the parking area and/or other vehicles and/or a lane and/or a pedestrian path; and/or—a specific orientation of the vehicle with respect to a lane direction. The vehicle is automatically provided in the specified position and orientation within the retrieval position.
A method for generating additional training data for training a machine learning algorithm is disclosed. The method includes (i) providing training data for training the machine learning algorithm, wherein the training data includes labeled sensor data from at least one sensor, (ii) transforming the training data for training the machine learning algorithm in a graph structure, wherein nodes in the graph structure represent objects represented in the corresponding sensor data, and wherein a starting node of the graph structure represents the position of the at least one sensor with respect to the objects represented in the corresponding sensor data, and (iii) generating additional training data for training the machine learning model by modifying the graph structure.
Methods and systems for classifying a long-tail distribution of data. Data deriving from one or more sensors is classified into a plurality of classes by using (i) a feature-extractor backbone model configured to extract features from the data, and (ii) a classifier model configured to classify the data based on the extracted features. The plurality of classes are grouped, with each group assigned to a respective teacher model. Each respective teacher model is trained with the data in its respective group, as well as the feature-extractor backbone model. The outputs of the teacher models are then merged into a final class prediction model configured to classify the data.
A computer-implemented system and method relate to certified defense against adversarial patch attacks. A set of one-mask images is generated using a first mask at a set of predetermined regions of a source image. The source image is obtained from a sensor. A set of one-mask predictions is generated, via a machine learning system, based on the set of one-mask images. A first one-mask image is extracted from the set of one-mask images. The first one-mask image is associated with a first one-mask prediction that is identified as a minority amongst the set of one-mask predictions. A set of two-mask images is generated by masking the first one-mask image using a set of second masks. The set of second masks include at least a first submask and a second submask in which a dimension of the first submask is less than a dimension of the first mask. A set of two-mask predictions is generated based on the set of two-mask images. Class data, which classifies the source image, is selected based on the set of two-mask predictions.
G06V 10/22 - Image preprocessing by selection of a specific region containing or referencing a pattern; Locating or processing of specific regions to guide the detection or recognition
G06V 10/26 - Segmentation of patterns in the image field; Cutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniques; Detection of occlusion
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
G06V 20/52 - Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
METHOD FOR PROVIDING AN OBJECT MESSAGE ABOUT AN OBJECT, WHICH IS RECOGNIZED IN THE SURROUNDINGS OF A ROAD USER, IN A COMMUNICATION NETWORK FOR THE COMMUNICATION WITH OTHER ROAD USERS
A method for providing an object message about an object, recognized in surroundings of a road user, in a communication network for communicating with other road users. The road user includes a sensor system for detecting the surroundings and an evaluation unit for evaluating sensor data generated by the sensor system and transferring object messages via the communication network. The method includes: receiving sensor data, generated by the sensor system, in the evaluation unit; recognizing at least one object in the surroundings of the road user based on the sensor data, a movement parameter and a further object parameter being ascertained; calculating an object transfer priority; determining, based on the object transfer priority, whether the recognized object is to be included in an object message; and, if so, generating the object message including the recognized object, and sending the object message via the wireless communication network.
G08G 1/01 - Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
The invention relates to a side channel compressor (1) for a fuel cell system (2) for delivering and/or compressing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen or a gas containing hydrogen, comprising a housing (3) and an impeller wheel (4) which can be driven by an electric motor and which is accommodated in the housing (3), thus forming at least one side channel (5) disposed axially in relation to the impeller wheel (4), wherein the side channel (5) is connected, via an axial gap (6) remaining between the housing (3) and the impeller wheel (4), to an annular channel (7) which is disposed radially in relation to the impeller wheel (4). According to the invention, the annular channel (7) is connected to an outlet (10) of the side channel compressor (1) via at least one housing bore (8, 9).
The invention relates to a side channel compressor (1) for a fuel cell system (2) for delivering and/or compressing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen or a gas containing hydrogen, comprising a housing (3) and an impeller wheel (4) which can be driven by an electric motor and which is accommodated in the housing (3), thus forming at least one side channel (5) disposed axially in relation to the impeller wheel (4), wherein the side channel (5) is connected, via an axial gap (6) remaining between the housing (3) and the impeller wheel (4), to an annular channel (7) which is disposed radially in relation to the impeller wheel (4). According to the invention, the annular channel (7) is connected to an outlet (10) of the side channel compressor (1) via at least one housing bore (8, 9).
The invention also relates to a fuel cell system (2) having a side channel compressor (1) according to the invention, and to the use of a side channel compressor (1) according to the invention as a recirculation fan in a fuel cell system (2).
F04D 23/00 - Other rotary non-positive-displacement pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
F04D 25/06 - Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
An electronics unit for an electrical device, in particular for a motor-operated electrical device, includes a printed circuit board populated, in particular on one side, and having a plurality of power transistors for actuating a multiphase load, in particular a multiphase electric motor, of the electrical device. Each phase of the load is assigned at least one power transistor. A first electrical damping element for damping transients caused by switching processes of the power transistors is connected in parallel with at least one of the power transistors of a first phase with a highest leakage inductance. No electrical damping element acting in this manner is provided for at least one of the other phases of the load, in particular for the phase with a lowest leakage inductance.
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02P 27/06 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
35.
METHOD FOR EVALUATING SENSOR DATA, PROCESSING UNIT FOR EVALUATING SENSOR DATA, AND SENSOR SYSTEM
A method for evaluating sensor data. Raw sensor data and/or processed sensor data are initially read in from an acceleration sensor and a rotation rate sensor. Measured data are subsequently ascertained from the raw sensor data and/or the processed sensor data. In addition, at least one application criterion is ascertained. The measured data are then corrected based on a mathematical model. In the correction, an angle between a direction of a sensor orientation and a motion direction is maximally changed by a predefined value per time unit when the application criterion is met. The corrected measured data are subsequently output.
G01P 21/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the other groups of this subclass
G01P 3/44 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
G01P 15/08 - Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces with conversion into electric or magnetic values
36.
METHOD FOR THE REPEATED TRANSMISSION OF DEFINED DATA
A method for the repeated transmission of defined data from a data-transmitting module to a data-receiving module. Three data-transmission memories are used for carrying out the method, each of which has a data-memory block as well as a first memory bit for storing an access reservation of the data-transmitting module and a second memory bit for storing an access reservation of the receiving module. A pointer memory is also used for carrying out the method, in which a pointer to the current data-transmission memory is able to be stored.
A device and a computer-implemented method for determining a variable of a technical system, using a machine learning model. A kernel for the model is selected from a set of kernels as a function of a selection criterion, and a first data set which includes mutually assigned input variables and output variables of the technical system. The selection criterion is determined for a kernel that is selected from the set of kernels as a function of an acquisition function, the acquisition function being determined as a function of a second data set that includes pairs of kernels from the set of kernels and a selection criterion. The pairs of kernels are determined over respectively one pair of kernels from the set of kernels and as a function of the second data set. Representations of a first and second kernel are provided.
Controlling a hydraulic drive for a hydraulic consumer alternately pressurized in opposite directions, the hydraulic drive comprising a hydraulic machine driven by an electric machine and featuring variable displacement adjustable through zero, wherein a rotational speed of the hydraulic machine controlled by the electric machine, includes varying displacement so that conveying direction of hydraulic fluid is alternated using a cyclically varying volumetric flow specification, to perform direction reversals. After direction reversal during a first change time period, the rotational speed is increased from a first rotational speed set at the end of the direction reversal to a second rotational speed, and within a second change time period after the first change time period, the rotational speed is decreased until the first rotational speed is reached. The displacement is varied during the change time periods depending on the rotational speed and volumetric flow specification to comply with the volumetric flow specification.
F15B 21/00 - Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
39.
Loading Plate for a Fuel Cell System and the Fuel Cell System
A loading plate for a fuel cell system is disclosed. A loading plate is configured to carry at least two cell stack assemblies. Each cell stack assembly includes a stack, a first end plate member and a second end plate member that grips the stack, and a fluid joint extending from the stack through the first end plate member. The loading plate includes opposing first and second surfaces and a plurality of apertures extending from the first surface through the loading plate to the second surface. Each aperture is configured to correspond to one of the fluid joints of the at least two cell stack assemblies. The loading plate is configured to carry at least two cell stack assemblies on the first surface such that the first end plate member is mounted on the first surface and such that the fluid joint extends through the plurality of apertures. Also disclosed is a fuel cell system that includes the aforementioned loading plate.
A method for verifying and/or validating whether a technical system fulfills a desired criterion. The technical system emits output signals based on input signals supplied to the technical system. The method includes: obtaining models for a plurality of components of the technical system; obtaining a plurality of validation measurements; for each component, training a machine learning model to predict outputs of the respective component; obtaining first test outputs from a last model based on test input; determining, second test outputs from the machine learning model corresponding to the last model and based on the test inputs of the models; determine a deviation which characterizes a difference between first test outputs determined from the last model and second test outputs determined by the machine learning model corresponding to the last model; verifying and/or validating whether the technical system fulfills the criterion.
A method for verifying and/or validating whether a technical system fulfills a desired criterion. The technical system emits output signals based on input signals supplied to the technical system. The method includes: obtaining models for a plurality of components comprised by the technical system; obtaining a plurality of validation measurements; for each component, training a machine learning model to predict measurement outputs of the respective component based on inputs of the respective component; obtaining first test outputs from a last model based on test inputs; determining second test outputs from the machine learning model corresponding to the last model and based on the test inputs of the models; determining a discrepancy; verifying and/or validating whether the technical system fulfills the criterion.
A method for providing GNSS-relevant route information. The method includes: a) receiving GNSS raw data relating to at least one GNSS satellite signal; b) evaluating the GNSS raw data; c) forming at least one interference indicator for describing at least one interfering influence on the GNSS reception in the area of a geographic position and/or for a route section, taking into account the evaluated GNSS raw data relating to the area or the route section; and d) storing the at least one interference indicator with at least one item of geographic information on the area of the geographic position or the route section.
Vertical GaN power transistor unit cell. The vertical GaN power transistor unit cell including a drift layer and at least one field shielding region. The at least one field shielding region is regionally disposed in the drift layer and includes an intrinsically p-type material.
H01L 29/78 - Field-effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
H01L 29/10 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
The present invention relates to a supply cable (1) for transmitting electrical energy to or from a vehicle (2), the supply cable (1) comprising at least one connector (3, 4) for connecting the supply cable (1) to a vehicle (2) and/or a charging port (5) and/or a consumer (6), and a sensor (7) for detecting accelerations and/or rotation rates, wherein the supply cable (1) is configured to detect a spatial position and/or movement of a partial area of the supply cable (1) with the aid of the sensor (7), in particular of the connector (3, 4), and to set an operating mode of the supply cable (1) as a function of the detected position and/or movement.
A method for operating a monitoring device for at least one vehicle parameter, in particular an air-pressure sensor for the tire-pressure vehicle parameter. The monitoring device is operated in a drive mode or in a stationary mode as a function of the velocity of the vehicle. Connection signals for the wireless connection to an external device, in particular a configuration device for the monitoring device, are transmitted in the stationary mode. Prior to the change to the stationary mode, the monitoring device is operated in a first intermediate mode. A passive search for wireless connection signals from the external device is carried out in the first intermediate mode.
A method for controlling an electronically slip-controllable power-brake system with redundant generation of brake pressure. Under certain operating conditions, a shift in the pressure-volume characteristic curve towards higher pressures may arise in such power-brake systems. If the actual progression of the pressure-volume characteristic curve deviates from the target progression to an extent which can no longer be tolerated, a correction is required. To this end, a pressure-medium volume must be released from the brake circuit into a reservoir of the power-brake system. A method with which the release of pressure medium into the reservoir may be carried out in a controlled manner. The method can be carried out during a braking procedure without undesired noises or unexpected changes in the deceleration arising. It can be implemented by control technology and therefore in a particularly cost-effective manner.
B60T 8/40 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the br
B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
47.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ACTIVATING AN OVERTAKING ASSISTANCE FUNCTION OF A SINGLE-TRACK MOTOR VEHICLE
A method and a device for activating an overtaking assistance function of a single-track motor vehicle by way of a rider-actuatable operating element of a turning signal indicator, the single-track motor vehicle additionally having a distance and/or speed control function, in which the duration of actuation of the operating element is determined, and, in the event that the duration of actuation exceeds a specified threshold value, interventions by the distance and/or speed control function are temporarily suppressed during the rider-independent acceleration phase of the overtaking assistance function.
A method for training a deep neural network (DNN) capable of adversarial detection. The DNN is configured with a plurality of sets of weights candidates. The method includes inputting training data selected from training data set to the DNN. The method further includes calculating, based on the training data, a first term for indicating a difference between a variational posterior probability distribution and a true posterior probability distribution of the DNN. The method further includes perturbing the training data to generate perturbed training data; and calculating a second term for indicating a quantification of predictive uncertainty on the perturbed training data. The method further includes updating the plurality of sets of weights candidates of the DNN based on augmenting the summation of the first term and the second term.
A method for detecting a lane for a driver assistance system. The method includes an arranging step in which a grid is arranged over a camera image from a vehicle camera, the camera image displaying a roadway. In a displaying step, a lane candidate is displayed using at least one parameter and/or a confidence value for the lane candidate when the at least one lane candidate is detected in at least one cell of the grid. In a filtering-out step, the lane candidate is filtered out when the confidence value of the lane candidate is below a defined confidence threshold. In a back-transforming step, the lane candidate is transformed back to a fixed number of keypoints per lane candidate when the confidence value of the lane candidate is above the confidence threshold, to obtain the lane. In a determining step, 3D coordinates for the lane are determined using the keypoints.
G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
B60W 50/14 - Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
G06T 3/00 - Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
G06V 10/80 - Fusion, i.e. combining data from various sources at the sensor level, preprocessing level, feature extraction level or classification level
50.
Hydraulic Drive for a Hydraulic Consumer Alternately Pressurized in Opposite Directions during Operation
A hydraulic drive for a hydraulic consumer alternately pressurized in opposite directions during operation is disclosed. The hydraulic drive includes (i) first and second hydraulic power outputs, (ii) a hydraulic machine driven by an electric machine, said hydraulic drive comprising a first hydraulic working output which is connected to the first drive output via a first hydraulic line, and comprising a second hydraulic working output connected to the second drive output via a second hydraulic line, (iii) an infeed device which is configured to feed hydraulic fluid from a tank into the first and/or the second line in a pressure-dependent manner by way of an infeed line, and (iv) a outfeed device which is configured to selectively open or close a hydraulic connection between the first hydraulic line and a hydraulic outfeed line which is hydraulically connected to the tank in a controllable manner and a hydraulic connection between the second hydraulic line and the hydraulic outfeed line to be selectively opened or closed in a controllable manner.
F15B 21/00 - Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
F15B 13/02 - Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
F15B 15/18 - Combined units comprising both motor and pump
F15B 19/00 - Testing fluid-pressure actuator systems or apparatus, so far as not provided for elsewhere
51.
Microelectromechanical Apparatus with Heating Element
The invention relates to a microelectromechanical apparatus (100, 200) comprising one or more microelectromechanical devices (130) each having a mirror element (134), an actuator (132) for moving the respective mirror element (134), and a heating element (138, 240) for heating the respective mirror element (134), wherein the microelectromechanical apparatus (100) comprises one or more temperature sensors (135, 145, 210, 212) and an electronic system (125, 225), wherein the control electronic system (125, 225) is configured to determine a temperature value of the respective mirror element (134) using the one or more temperature sensors (135) for each mirror element (134), and the electronic system (125, 225) is further configured to adjust a heating power for each of the heating elements (138, 240). The invention further relates to an illumination optical unit (172), to an illumination system (174) and to a projection exposure apparatus (170), each having a microelectromechanical apparatus (100, 200) according to the invention, and to a method for controlling temperatures of a microelectromechanical apparatus (100, 200) in a closed-loop.
G02B 7/18 - Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for mirrors
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
52.
Method for Operating an Optical Component, and Optical Component
The invention relates to a method for operating an optical component (100) having a mirror element (20), a substrate (30) for carrying the mirror element (20), an actuator device (40) for tilting the mirror element (20) about one or two tilt axes (28), which actuator device has a first actuator electrode structure (42) and a second actuator electrode structure (44), and a sensor device (50) for detecting a tilt angle (θ) of the mirror element (20). The first actuator electrode structure (42) in this case comprises a plurality of first active actuator electrodes (421) and at least one first passive actuator electrode (422). The second actuator electrode structure (44) in this case comprises a plurality of second active actuator electrodes (441) and at least one second passive actuator electrode (442). At least one of the first active actuator electrodes (421) is subjected to a first voltage (U1) and at least one of the second active actuator electrodes (442) is subjected to a second voltage (U2). In order to tilt the mirror element (20), the first and the second voltage (U1, U2) are changed with different rates of change.
G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
A computer-implemented method of detecting anomalies in sensor measurements of a physical quantity. Measurement data is obtained including multiple sensor measurements of the physical quantity. Respective weights are determined for respective sensor measurements by maximizing a discrepancy between the measurement data and a mixture distribution obtained by reweighting the sensor measurements according to the weights. The respective weights are output as indicators of outlier likelihoods for the respective sensor measurements.
Friction material that is substantially free of elemental metals, metal alloys, and antimony trisulfide, wherein the solid lubricant includes a metal sulfide. The disclosed compositions of the friction material are believed to be more environment-friendly than conventional compositions. However, the substantial elimination of elemental metals, metal alloys, and antimony trisulfide from the disclosed compositions is performed in a manner that does not appear to substantially impact the friction performance and noise behavior of the corresponding brake components. Moreover, it is believed that at least some of the disclosed compositions increase the useful lifespan of the brake components and reduce wear of the rotors. The longer brake-components lifespan and lower rotor wear provide additional benefits in terms of reducing non-exhaust-related vehicle emissions, which further alleviates the environmental impact of traffic emissions.
The invention relates to a tank device (1) for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, comprising a valve device (100) and a tank container (200), wherein the valve device (100) comprises a valve housing (102), in which valve housing (102) a pilot valve element (24) that can be moved along a longitudinal axis (101) of the tank container (100) is disposed. The pilot valve element (24) cooperates with a first sealing seat (18) to open and close a passage opening (20) and thus forms a pilot valve (240), wherein the valve device (2) comprises a solenoid coil (32) by means of which solenoid coil (32) the pilot valve element (24) can be moved along the longitudinal axis (101) of the tank device (1). A main valve element (12) is furthermore disposed in the valve housing (102), which main valve element (12) cooperates with a second sealing seat (6) to open and close a passage opening (8) and thus forms a main valve (120), wherein the second sealing seat (6) is configured as a conical shoulder (36) on the valve housing (102). In addition, a permanent magnet (17) is disposed at one end (42) of the pilot valve element (24), which permanent magnet (17) is disposed in the valve device (100) such that a positive pole element (170) of the permanent magnet (17) is disposed in the direction of a housing cover (28) of the valve device (100) and a negative pole element (171) of the permanent magnet (17) is disposed in the direction of the tank container (200), wherein the permanent magnet (17) is disposed in a positive pole region (51) of a permanent magnetic field (52) generated by the solenoid coil (32) when the solenoid coil (32) is energized.
A method for generating adversarial examples for a Graph Neural Network (GNN) model. The method includes: determining vulnerable features of target nodes in a graph based on querying the GNN model, wherein the graph comprising nodes including the target nodes and edges, each of the edges connecting two of the nodes; grouping the target nodes into a plurality of clusters according to the vulnerable features of the target nodes; and obtaining the adversarial examples based on the plurality of clusters.
A fuel cell includes a gas diffusion layer (GM) situated between a catalyst layer of the fuel cell and a flow field plate of the fuel cell. The GM has a first region and a second region along a thickness direction of the fuel cell. The first region is adjacent to the catalyst layer and has a first thermal conductivity. The second region is adjacent to the flow field plate and has a second thermal conductivity lower than the first thermal conductivity.
H01M 8/0258 - Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
A shielded electric plug. The electric plug includes a plug housing and a data line arranged within the plug housing for transmitting data in the Gbit/s range. A plug side of the data line electrically contacts the plug with a complementary mating plug and a connection side of the data line for electrically contacting with a circuit carrier. The data line is enclosed by a metal shielding housing. The plug housing includes a connection element with a press-in pin for mechanically contacting the plug with the circuit carrier using a press-in connection. The connection element includes a spring contact element to resiliently abut the circuit carrier so as to contact same when the electric plug is pressed in. The press-in pin is in the form of a first ground connection, and the spring contact element is designed is in the form of a second ground connection.
H01R 13/6585 - Shielding material individually surrounding or interposed between mutually spaced contacts
H01R 12/72 - Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
H01R 13/514 - Bases; Cases formed as a modular block or assembly, i.e. composed of co-operating parts provided with contact members or holding contact members between them
H01R 13/6595 - Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members the shield being mounted on a PCB and connected to conductive members with separate members fixing the shield to the PCB
H01R 43/20 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for assembling or disassembling contact members with insulating base, case or sleeve
59.
METHOD FOR CALIBRATING A SENSOR, PROCESSING UNIT AND SENSOR SYSTEM
A method for calibrating a sensor of a sensor system. A plurality of sensors structurally identical to the sensor of the sensor system and a general sensor model are provided. An inner optimization step is subsequently carried out for each of the structurally identical sensors. During the inner optimization step, a sensor-specific sensor model is initialized using the general sensor model and a sensor-specific model parameter is subsequently optimized based on measured data of the sensor. The sensor-specific sensor model is adapted with the aid of the sensor-specific model parameter. An outer optimization step is then carried out. In this step, the sensor-specific sensor models adapted for each sensor are used in order to optimize the general sensor model. The general sensor model is stored in a memory of the sensor system.
A sensor assembly. The sensor assembly has a substrate, a seismic mass, and a functional layer arranged between the substrate and the seismic mass. The seismic mass is connected to the substrate in such a way that the seismic mass can be deflected at least along a first direction running perpendicular to the substrate. Within the functional layer and between the seismic mass and the substrate, at least one stop is formed that is spring-loaded and can be deflected along the first direction.
G01P 15/08 - Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces with conversion into electric or magnetic values
61.
MODEL CREATION DEVICE AND MODEL CREATION METHOD FOR AT LEAST TWO SENSOR DEVICES MOUNTED ON AND/OR IN A VEHICLE
A model creation device for sensor devices mounted on and/or in a vehicle. The model creation device includes an electronic device and a data memory on which the assigned object data can be stored together with object IDs at an assigned memory position using the electronic device for at least some objects, and from which previously stored object data can be queried using a self-created memory table, which assigns the particular memory position to each object ID stored on the data memory under an assigned index of the memory table, and using at least one lookup table and/or one overflow table. The electronic device is configured to store, for each object ID stored on the data memory, the assigned index of the memory table at a position of the created lookup table or overflow table, which is equal to a hash value of the object ID.
G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
G07C 5/08 - Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle, or waiting time
62.
METHOD FOR TRAINING A GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORK
A method for training a generative adversarial network. The method includes: iteratively training the generative adversarial network based on the training data, the training of the generative adversarial network including an alternating training of the generator and the discriminator based on the training data, the training of the generator including a training the generator based on the training data and results of realism assessments performed by the discriminator, and the training of the generative adversarial network in each iteration step including a generation of corresponding data by the generator, a performance of a realism assessment of the corresponding data by the discriminator, and a performance of an additional realism assessment of at least one specific feature derived from the corresponding data by the discriminator, and the performance of the additional realism assessment of at least one specific feature derived from the corresponding data including an application of a deterministic function.
Method and Device for Initially Preparing an Aging State Model for Energy Storage Means Based on Active Learning Algorithms and Time-Discounted Information Evaluation
A method for initially preparing an at least partially data-based aging state model for an electrical energy storage means is disclosed. The method includes providing a number of energy storage means on a test bench for measurement based on a respective load profile, wherein the load profiles are different and characterize a chronological trend of at least one load-imposing operational variable for the energy storage means. The method also includes operating the number of energy storage means having the respective associated load profile and recording chronological operational variable trends. Further, the method includes at a predetermined evaluation timepoint, determining an aging state of a subset of the energy storage means as a label based on an input vector, and generating a training data set, which includes the operational variable trends and the determined label, for each energy storage means of the subset of the energy storage means. The method additionally includes selecting the subset of the energy storage means having the respective associated load profile based on an information measure for the subset of the energy storage means, the measure being determined using a predictive covariance of the data-based aging state model at at least one future timepoint.
G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
G01R 31/382 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
The present disclosure provides a controller and a control method that execute an adaptive cruise control appropriately in a group riding.
The present disclosure provides a controller and a control method that execute an adaptive cruise control appropriately in a group riding.
According to the present disclosure, an execution section (22) of a controller (20) executes an adaptive cruise control based on a surrounding environment information that is information about a surrounding environment of the motorcycle (1). The execution section (22), in the adaptive cruise control, controls a speed of the motorcycle (1) automatically regardless of an accelerating/decelerating operation by a rider of the motorcycle (1) and executes a distance maintenance control to keep a distance between the motorcycle (1) and a target vehicle at a target distance. An identification section (23) of the controller (20) identifies a first convoy including the motorcycle (1) in a group riding in which the motorcycle (1) travels in a group of a plurality of motorcycles (2) forming at least the first convoy and a second convoy separated from each other. The execution section (22) executes the adaptive cruise control based on a first travel state information about a travel state of a second motorcycle, the second motorcycle is one of the plurality of motorcycles (2) and is in the second convoy.
A brake force generator for a brake system having an electric motor for generating a drive speed. The electric motor cooperates with an input side of a planetary gearing, the planetary gearing including a ring gear, which is accommodated in a ring gear holder. Tolerance compensating elements are arranged between the ring gear and the ring gear holder in the axial direction, via which tolerance compensating elements the ring gear is held, without play, between the ring gear holder and a ring gear supporting element arranged on a side of the ring gear which is axially remote from the ring gear holder. The brake force generator additionally includes a hydraulic module connected to an output side of the planetary gearing to generate a brake pressure. An elastically hardening material is arranged between the ring gear and the ring gear holder to absorb axial forces of the ring gear.
B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
F15B 15/02 - Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
66.
Inductive Linear Displacement Sensor Arrangement for a Vehicle
An inductive linear displacement sensor arrangement includes a movable coupling device coupled to a movable body, an electrically conductive coupling element, and a stationary circuit carrier. The circuit carrier includes an excitation structure and a receiving structure, which extend along a displacement path of the coupling device. An evaluation and control unit is designed to evaluate a measurement signal induced in the receiving structure and to determine the current position of the coupling device and of the body. The coupling device comprises a slider on which the electrically conductive coupling element is arranged. The slider is mounted for sliding movement in a plane of displacement via the path of displacement of the coupling device on two parallel guide elements, one of which guides the slider of the coupling device along the displacement path, and another of which is a sliding guide which prevents the slider from tilting and/or twisting.
G01D 5/20 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
67.
Suction Device for a Releasable Connection to a Hand-Held Power Tool
A suction device for a releasable connection to a hand-held power tool, in particular to a hammer drill, includes a housing with a drive unit arranged in the housing for generating a suction flow, and at least one locking unit for a mechanical coupling with the hand-held power tool. The coupling includes at least one locking element for direct locking with the hand-held power tool and at least one actuating element used to release the lock of the at least one locking element. The actuating element and/or the locking element are arranged at least partially adjacent the drive unit.
B23Q 11/00 - Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
B25D 17/20 - Devices for cleaning or cooling tool or work
68.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING A HIGHLY ACCURATE POSITION OF A VEHICLE
A method and a first apparatus for determining a highly accurate position of a vehicle. In the method, several localization methods for determining an initial position are performed, wherein each localization method is designed to determine a position of the vehicle with a particular uncertainty, depending on the respective localization method. A comparison of the respectively determined positions with their uncertainties is performed and the initial position is determined depending thereon. Starting from the initial position, a map is subsequently provided, which at least partially represents an environment of the vehicle. Environmental data values are sensed by means of an environmental sensor system of the vehicle. The highly accurate position of the vehicle is determined by a comparison of the sensed environmental data values to the map.
G01C 21/00 - Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups
69.
APPARATUS FOR INTERPROCESSOR COMMUNICATION, CONTROL DEVICE HAVING THE APPARATUS AND VEHICLE HAVING THE CONTROL DEVICE, METHOD FOR OPERATING THE APPARATUS
An apparatus for interprocessor communication includes a coupling element, a first transducer, and a second transducer. The coupling element includes a first interface to a first microprocessor and a second interface to a second microprocessor. The first interface and the second interface are connected together in a galvanically-isolated manner for communication purposes. The first transducer includes a third interface to the first microprocessor and a fourth interface to the second transducer. The second transducer includes a fifth interface to the second microprocessor and a sixth interface to the first transducer.
B60R 16/023 - Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
70.
METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM WITH A PLURALITY OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORES
G01R 31/3835 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
B60L 58/18 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
71.
Inductive Sensor Arrangement for Detecting a Rotational Movement
An inductive sensor arrangement includes at least two coupling devices rotatable about an axis of rotation at a different speed than a rotatable body, and at least one measured value acquisition device, which includes a multilayered circuit carrier having at least one exciter structure and at least two receiving structures, each of which is associated with one of the coupling devices. The exciter structure is coupled to at least one oscillator circuit, which generates a periodic change signal in the exciter structure. The coupling devices are designed to affect an inductive coupling between the exciter structure and the associated receiving structure. At least two receiving structures are arranged concentrically on the circuit carrier without significant overlap. An evaluation and control unit is designed to evaluate signals induced in the receiving structures, provided as at least two different measurement signals, which represent information about the rotational movement of the body.
G01D 5/20 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
72.
Method for Decreasing a Transmission Frequency of Messages of a Vehicle
A method for sending messages from a vehicle to a receiver during travel by the vehicle is disclosed. The method includes (i) estimating a first future trajectory of the vehicle, (ii) sending trajectory information about the first trajectory to the receiver, (iii) determining a deviation of an actual position of the vehicle from a position predicted by the first trajectory, (iv) estimating a second future trajectory, and (v) sending trajectory information about the second trajectory to the receiver if the deviation is greater than a threshold value.
Method for Training at least one Machine Learning Algorithm used to Output Specifications for Interventions in the Control System of a Motor Vehicle During Specific Driving Maneuvers
A method for training at least one machine learning algorithm used to output specifications for interventions in the control system of a motor vehicle during specific driving maneuvers is disclosed. The method includes (i) during an operation of the motor vehicle, determining whether at least one specific driving maneuver is being performed; (ii) in the event that a specific driving maneuver is being performed, detecting interventions by a driver of the motor vehicle in the control system of the motor vehicle during the performance of the driving maneuver; and (iii) training the at least one machine learning algorithm based on the specific driving maneuver and the detected interventions by the driver of the motor vehicle in the control system of the motor vehicle.
A battery pack device for a battery pack, in particular a pouch cell battery pack, includes at least one heat conducting element which has at least one battery cell contact section for arrangement on at least one battery cell, preferably between two battery cells, of the battery pack and for dissipating heat from the at least one battery cell. The battery pack device further includes at least one temperature measuring unit, which has at least one temperature sensor element thermally coupled to the heat conducting element. The temperature sensor element is arranged outside the battery cell contact section of the heat conducting element.
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
G01K 1/16 - Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 10/647 - Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
H01M 10/6555 - Rods or plates arranged between the cells
H01M 50/211 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
H01M 50/284 - Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
75.
Method for Determining Training Data for Training a Model, in particular for Solving a Recognition Task
An iterative method is for determining training data for a primary model to solve a primary recognition task. The iterative method includes a) providing at least one labeled training sample, b) training the primary model with the at least one labeled training sample, c) providing at least one labeled test sample, and d) evaluating a recognition performance of the primary model using the labeled test sample on the primary recognition task. The iterative method further includes, depending on a result of the evaluating the recognition performance, either (i) re-performing parts a), b), c), and d) of the iterative method, or (ii) ending the iterative method.
An automatic cruise control system on a motorcycle capable of performing an overtake maneuver via a long button press. The automatic cruise control includes a radar, a button, and a motorcycle speed. The radar is configured to detect objects in front of the motorcycle and generate data regarding the detected object. The button is configured to generate a button signal. The radar is further configured to receive the motorcycle speed, sensor data, and a button signal, and to generate an acceleration signal based upon the sensor data, the button signal, and the motorcycle speed.
A control circuit includes (i) at least one voltage output end, each said voltage output end being connected to a filter capacitor, (ii) at least one detection circuit disposed in the control circuit, each said detection circuit being connected to one said voltage output end, and (iii) a fault output apparatus which is configured to, when the detection circuit detects that a fault has occurred in the filter capacitor connected to the voltage output end, output corresponding filter capacitor fault indication information. The power supply output apparatus has no need for a redundant capacitor design, and can determine whether a fault has occurred in the filter capacitor on the basis of the duration of charging of the filter capacitor thus ensuring the reliability and stability of the power supply output apparatus.
B60R 21/017 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including arrangements for providing electric power to the safety arrangements
B60R 21/26 - Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
78.
Capacitor Charging Circuit, Airbag Controller and Airbag System
A capacitor charging circuit, comprising: a charging power supply, for outputting a charging voltage; a voltage comparison module, connected to the charging power supply, and configured to output a drive signal indicating charging upon judging that the charging voltage is higher than a preset threshold; a current adjustment module, connected to the voltage comparison module and the charging power supply separately, the charging current adjustment module receiving the drive signal and, upon receiving the drive signal indicating charging, causing the charging power supply to charge the capacitor with a maximum charging current. The present application enables adjustment of the charging current of the charging capacitor according to the power supply voltage, thus increasing the charging speed.
B60R 21/017 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including arrangements for providing electric power to the safety arrangements
B60R 21/0136 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to actual contact with an obstacle
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
79.
Method for determining a torque for an operation of a robot using a model and method for teaching the model
A method for determining a torque for an operation of a robot that includes multiple components, using a model of the robot. Two components of the robot being movable using an actuator relative to one another at a connection point. The model maps parameters for the connection points onto a torque for the respective actuator. The method includes: providing values for the parameters including: a position or an angle a velocity, and an acceleration of the respective actuator; determining a value for the rigid body partial torque, the friction partial torque, and the machine learning partial torque, based on the values of the parameters and the model; determining a value of the torque of the respective actuator based on the values of the partial torques, and providing the value of the torque for the respective actuator for use during the operation, control or regulating of the robot.
A device for monitoring an eye position of a user's eye in a virtual retinal display. The device includes a laser projector unit generating a collimated scanned infrared laser beam, and an optical system optically guiding the scanned infrared laser beam to the user's eye. The optical system includes an optical element for the scanned infrared laser beam to pass through, or diverting the scanned infrared laser beam. The optical element forms a region in which the collimation of the infrared laser beam is maintained, to generate a bright pupil effect and/or a retina speckle pattern. The optical element forms a second region in which the infrared laser beam is focused on an iris of the user's eye, a center of the user's eye, or a cornea of the user's eye, to generate a glint.
A method for operating a vehicle for highly automated driving. The method includes a step of reading sensor data that comprise trip data of the vehicle from at least one acceleration sensor, at least one position sensor, and a velocity sensor, infrastructure data of infrastructure elements in a predefined environment of the vehicle from at least one environmental sensor, and object data of recognized traffic objects in the predefined environment from the environmental sensor. An environmental model for behavior planning and maneuver planning of the vehicle within the predefined environment is determined. The environmental model is determined by simultaneous localization and mapping using the sensor data and a factor graph into which the sensor data are integrated as factors. The environmental model is output to an interface to a planning device for behavior planning and maneuver planning of the vehicle.
An evaluation device for a sensor system equipped with a magnetic sensor and at least one inertial sensor. The evaluation device includes an electronics device, using which a value of an orientation variable may be determined in view of at least one supplied inertial sensor signal and at least one supplied magnetic sensor signal. Using the electronics device, a comparison value for the at least one orientation variable is determined in view of the inertial sensor signal and in disregard of the magnetic sensor signal. In view of a deviation and/or a correlation coefficient between the value and the comparison value, an information item regarding a reliability of the magnetic sensor signal of the magnetic sensor and/or regarding an occurrence of magnetic and/or electrical interference in a surrounding area of the magnetic sensor, is determined.
G01C 21/16 - Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups by using measurement of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
G01C 25/00 - Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
83.
METHOD FOR ASCERTAINING A DRIVING STATE OF A VEHICLE
A method for ascertaining a driving state of a vehicle. The method includes: reading in phase-shifted sensor data representing an acceleration and/or a rotation rate of the vehicle; ascertaining phase-compensated sensor data based on the read-in phase-shifted sensor data using a filtering algorithm; and ascertaining the driving state of the vehicle using the ascertained phase-compensated sensor data by means of a computing unit.
B60W 40/12 - Estimation or calculation of driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit related to parameters of the vehicle itself
84.
Method for Reducing an Energy Demand and/or Energy Consumption by a Vehicle
A method is for reducing an energy demand and/or energy consumption by a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle. The vehicle includes a steering system having at least two wheel steering angle actuators for changing a respective wheel steering angle of a vehicle wheel on an individual wheel basis, and a vehicle sensor system for driving situation recognition. In at least one operating state, in which a predefined driving situation is identified using the vehicle sensor system, a power consumption by at least one wheel steering angle actuator is reduced in order to reduce the energy demand and/or energy consumption, in particular such that the power consumption by the at least one wheel steering angle actuator is below a power consumption by the at least one wheel steering angle actuator planned for in the identified predefined driving situation.
A method for retrofitting a vehicle, which is equipped with a spray unit mounted to be fixed relative to a vehicle window of the vehicle, having a wiper comprising a further spray unit mounted to be movable relative to the vehicle window. The fixed spray unit comprises at least one pump, which is provided for supplying a cleaning fluid pressure for the fixed spray unit. In at least one installation step, the further spray unit of the wiper is connected to the pump of the fixed spray unit.
A method for manufacturing a sensor. The sensor includes a sensing element and a housing, the housing including an interior space, which is accessible through a housing opening, and the sensing element being situated in the interior space and being designed to detect a property and/or a composition of an ambient medium of the sensor. The method includes filling the interior space with a protective medium through the housing opening, the protective medium being designed to transfer the property and/or the composition of the ambient medium to the sensing element; fixing a preferably flexible diaphragm at or in the housing opening preferably for sealing the housing opening, the diaphragm including at least one diaphragm opening; and sealing the at least one diaphragm opening. A sensor, which is manufactured according to this method, is also described.
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
87.
PREDICTING THE BEHAVIOR OF ROAD USERS BASED ON A GRAPH REPRESENTATION OF A TRAFFIC SITUATION
A method for predicting the behavior of at least one road user in a traffic situation. The method includes: obtaining a graph representation of the traffic situation, wherein nodes represent road users, edges represent interactions between the road users and define an adjacency between road users, each node is associated with a state, and each edge is associated with edge attributes; computing an evolution of the states of the nodes based at least in part on a self-evolution of the state of each considered node that is dependent on this state and mediated by a self-evolution operator; and an interaction of each considered node with other nodes that is dependent on the states of these other nodes and mediated by an interaction operator; and computing a sought property that characterizes the behavior of the at least one road user.
A computer-implemented method of classifying sensor data for use in controlling and/or monitoring a computer-controlled system. The classification model includes an inference model that, based on the sensor data, determines respective concentration parameters of a Dirichlet distribution of class probabilities for the respective multiple classes. The classification model further includes a generative model that, based on the class probabilities, determines parameters of a probability distribution of sensor data according to a training dataset of the classification model. Concentration parameters according to the inference model are used for anomaly detection by determining a probability of the sensor data being generated according to the generative model based on the concentration parameters. The same concentration parameters are used to determine class probabilities.
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
G05B 15/02 - Systems controlled by a computer electric
G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
A gas injector for injecting a gaseous fuel. The gas injector includes a magnetic actuator having an armature, an inner pole, and a coil; a closing element, which releases and closes a gas path at a valve seat, the armature being connected to the closing element; a sealed lubricant chamber, which is filled with a lubricant and in which the armature is situated, the lubricant ensuring a lubrication of the armature; and a first flexible sealing element and a second flexible sealing element, which seal the lubricant chamber from the gas path.
A gas injector for injecting a gaseous fuel. The gas injector includes: a magnetic actuator including an armature, an internal pole, and a coil; a closing element, which unblocks and closes a gas path at a valve seat, the armature being connected to the closing element; and at least one sealing device for sealing a space in the gas injector, the sealing device including a flexible sealant and at least one stiff intermediate element joined to the sealant, the at least one intermediate element being welded to a further component of the gas injector, the flexible sealant and the intermediate element being made from at least one first material, and the further component including a second material at least at the surface, and the at least one first material of the flexible sealant and of the intermediate element differing from the second material.
The invention relates to a method for transmitting vehicle information during a charging situation of an electric vehicle (100) at a charging station (300) by means of a charging socket (220) which contains a dongle (230) which comprises evaluation electronics (240) and contains a transmission device (250) and an energy supply (260), wherein the method comprises at least the following method steps:
First, the charging socket (220) of a charging cable (200) is connected to the vehicle-side charging plug (110) of the electric vehicle (100). A cable-side charging plug (210) is then connected to a mains-side charging socket (310) of a charging station (300). A signal analysis is then carried out by means of the evaluation electronics (240). A specific signal is then generated when the signal analysis indicates that an examined parameter is at a target value or that this target value is not present within a specific time period or is entirely absent. This is followed by a transmission of vehicle information when the specific signal is present at the dongle (230) within the specific time frame or is entirely absent.
A crank device or crank drive is disclosed which has a crankshaft, into which a variable first force can be introduced by way of a transmission element over a variable first lever spacing. Here, the first variable force has a predefined profile and/or predefined change. A profile of the first variable lever spacing is designed in a manner which is dependent on the predefined profile of the first variable force in such a way that an effect of change in the first variable force on the crankshaft is at least partially compensated for. The compensation is provided over a rotational range of the crankshaft, which is preferably less than one revolution of the crankshaft.
A computer-implemented method for self-calibration of at least one camera. The method comprises: ascertaining at least two corresponding images from a sequence of recorded images, the recorded images resulting from recordings of the camera, the corresponding images having correspondences which are specific to at least one camera parameter, the camera parameter being specific to the geometric imaging behavior of the camera; ascertaining the respective correspondence by an application of an artificial neural network, the application being based on the corresponding images; determining at least the camera parameter based on the ascertained correspondences for the self-calibration of the camera.
A sensor cleaning apparatus, for cleaning a sensor field of a sensor, in particular a LiDAR sensor, of a vehicle, includes at least one wiper drive housing, which houses at least a majority of at least one wiper drive unit. At least one wiper is arranged at least partially outside of the wiper drive housing and is configured to clean the sensor field by way of a wiping motion. At least one wiper receiving element is provided for transferring a drive movement from the wiper drive unit to the wiper. The sensor cleaning apparatus further includes a sealing unit configured for an at least water-tight seal of the wiper drive housing and includes at least one movable passage opening for the wiper receiving element and/or for the wiper.
An erratic driver detection system for a host vehicle. The system includes a sensor configured to measure a distance between the host vehicle and a detected neighboring vehicle, and output sensor data. The system also includes an electronic processor connected to the sensor and configured to build an expected driving behavior model and a target driving behavior model corresponding to the detected neighboring vehicle based on the sensor data. The target driving behavior model includes past, present, and predicted trajectories of the detected neighboring vehicle. The electronic processor is also configured to determine a difference between the target driving behavior model and the expected driving behavior model, identify an instance of erratic driving with respect to the detected neighboring vehicle based on the difference. In response to identifying the instance of erratic driving, the electronic processor controls the vehicle to perform a safety action.
Examples provide a trailer hitch system for connecting a tow vehicle and a trailer. Some examples of the system include a vehicle connector configured to be coupled to the tow vehicle and a chamber coupled to the vehicle connector. The chamber includes a center, an interior wall, and a valve for modulating a flow of hydraulic fluid within the chamber. A pin extends through the chamber and is configured to rotate within the chamber. A paddle is coupled to the pin and sized and shaped to sit substantially flush against the interior wall. The paddle is configured to push the hydraulic fluid in a first direction and a second direction through the valve. A trailer connector is coupled to the pin and configured to be coupled to the trailer.
B60D 1/32 - Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for sway control involving damping devices
F16F 9/32 - Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium - Details
F16F 9/512 - Means responsive to load action on the damper or fluid pressure in the damper
97.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXPERT GUIDED SEMI-SUPERVISION WITH CONTRASTIVE LOSS FOR MACHINE LEARNING MODELS
A method includes, in response to at least one convergence criterion not being met: receiving a labeled dataset that includes a plurality of labeled samples; receiving an unlabeled dataset that includes a plurality of unlabeled samples; identifying a plurality of labeled-unlabeled sample pairs; applying a data augmentation transformation to each labeled sample and each corresponding unlabeled sample; computing, for each least one labeled-unlabeled sample pair, latent representation spaces using the machine learning model; generating, using the machine learning model, a label prediction for each unlabeled sample for each labeled-unlabeled sample pair; computing a loss function for each labeled-unlabeled sample pair of the plurality of labeled-unlabeled sample pairs based on respective latency representation spaces and respective label predictions; applying an optimization function to each respective loss function; and updating a weight value for each labeled-unlabeled sample pair of the plurality of labeled-unlabeled sample pairs responsive to applying the optimization function.
A fuel cell electrode protective layer forming method is disclosed. The method includes forming primary defects in a carbon-based protective layer material via a formation step. The primary defects are configured to transport fuel cell products and/or reactants representing a transported portion of a total fuel cell products and/or reactants. The difference between the total fuel cell products and/or reactants and the transported portion is an untransported portion. The method further includes activating secondary defects in the carbon-based protective layer material via an activation step. The secondary defects are configured to transport a portion of the untransported portion of the total fuel cell reactants and/or products. The activation step is different than the formation step.
Systems and methods relate to in-vehicle sensing and classification via frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. Radar reflection signals are received based on the radar transmission signals, and include a plurality of chirps across a plurality of frames. Range-FFT data is generated by performing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on each chirp of a particular frame. Doppler-FFT data is generated by performing the FFT on the range-FFT data. Point cloud data of a radar subject is generated using the Doppler-FFT data. Doppler features, including a velocity of the radar subject, are extracted from the Doppler-FFT data. Classification data is generated to indicate a sensing state inside a vehicle based on the point cloud data and the Doppler features. The classification data includes class data that classifies the radar subject. A system response is generated to provide an action concerning the sensing state inside the vehicle based on the classification data.
A mandrel assembly may be used with a rotary power tool to provide a reliable and stable connection between the rotary tool and a tool accessory. The mandrel assembly provides a quick-connect/quick-release connection between the tool output shaft and the accessory via a clamping action. In particular, the mandrel assembly is movable between a first configuration in which the accessory may clamped tween a clamping element formed on one end of the mandrel and a collar which surrounds the mandrel and a second configuration in which the accessory may be loaded onto or detached from the mandrel assembly. Movement from the first configuration to the second configuration, and from the second configuration to the first configuration each include axial motion in combination with a rotation of the mandrel in the same direction relative to the collar.