Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing foil (36) for an axial foil bearing (32) for the rotatable mounting of a shaft (22), wherein the bearing foil (36) has a plurality of elastic foil segments (42) arranged distributed over its circumference. Each film segment (42) is connected via a retaining arm (44) to a retaining ring (40) surrounding the film segments (42) around their outer circumference.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16C 17/04 - Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system (1) having multiple fuel cell stacks (100, 200) which each have a cathode (110, 210) and an anode (120, 220), the cathodes (110, 210) each being supplied with air via a feed air path (111, 211), and exhaust air emitted from the fuel cell stacks (100, 200) being discharged via an exhaust air path (112, 212), and the anodes (120, 220) each being supplied with hydrogen via an anode circuit (121, 221). According to the invention, inert gas is generated during start-up and/or shutdown of the fuel cell system (1) by exhaust air recirculation and at least one fuel cell stack (200, 100) is inertised with the aid of the generated inert gas. The invention further relates to a fuel cell system (1) that is suitable for carrying out the method or can be operated according to the method.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
• H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
• H01M 8/04302 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
• H01M 8/04303 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
• H01M 8/249 - Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies

Abstract

Various aspects relate to a multipart air-conditioning system and to a method for dividing a total energy consumption of a multipart air-conditioning system, wherein the method comprises: controlling at least one internal unit of the plurality of internal units according to a target temperature that has been set; measuring a first temperature at an outlet of at least one external unit and a second temperature at an inlet of the at least one external unit; determining a first pressure value, a second pressure value and a third pressure value; determining, for each of the plurality of internal units, a respective mass throughput and a respective enthalpy change of a coolant using the first pressure value, the second pressure value, the third pressure value, the first temperature and the second temperature; determining a respective power of each internal unit of the plurality of internal units using the determined mass throughput and the determined enthalpy change; determining, for each internal unit of the plurality of internal units, a proportion of the determined power in a total power which is a sum of the powers of all internal units; dividing the total energy consumption of the multipart air-conditioning system among the internal units according to the determined proportions.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
• F24F 11/47 - Responding to energy costs
• F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
• G06Q 30/0283 - Price estimation or determination
• F24F 140/60 - Energy consumption

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for electric-motor-assisted pushing of an electric motorcycle (1), comprising: receiving vehicle dynamics data (21), which show a current vehicle dynamics state of the electric motorcycle (1); identifying whether the electric motorcycle (1) is pushed by evaluating the vehicle dynamics data (21); if it is identified that the electric motorcycle (1) is pushed: activating a push mode, which allows a controller (23) for controlling an electric drive motor (5) of the electric motorcycle (1) to control the drive motor (5) in such a way that the drive motor (5) produces a push torque for electric-motor-assisted pushing of the electric motorcycle (1).

IPC Classes  ?

• B62M 6/45 - Control or actuating devices therefor
• B60L 15/20 - Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• B60W 30/18 - Propelling the vehicle
• B60W 40/076 - Slope angle of the road
• B60L 50/20 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
• B62J 45/415 - Inclination sensors

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) for converting energy. The fuel cell system (100) comprises: - a fuel cell stack (101) which comprises a cathode sub-system (103) and an anode sub-system (105), - a pressure sensor (107) which is arranged in the anode sub-system (105), - a flush valve (109) for flushing the anode sub-system (105), - a computing unit (111), the computing unit (111) being configured to determine a composition of a gas which is flowing through the anode sub-system (105) by means of measured values acquired by the pressure sensor (107) and to control the flush valve (109) according to the determined composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
• H01M 8/0438 - Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/0444 - Concentration; Density
• H01M 8/04746 - Pressure; Flow

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell (1) having a recirculation blower (2). Depending on an evaporation criterion, a heating device (3) provides heat in a targeted manner for evaporating water (W) on the recirculation blower (2). The invention further relates to a fuel cell (1) for directly generating electrical energy from hydrogen, which is configured to carry out a method according to the invention.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
• H01M 8/04228 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
• H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
• H01M 8/04291 - Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
• H01M 8/043 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
• H01M 8/04492 - Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
• H01M 8/0432 - Temperature; Ambient temperature

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for laser beam welding two components (1, 2), wherein the material of the two components (1, 2) is melted by means of at least one laser beam (LS1, LS2) in order to produce at least one weld seam (SN1, SN2), wherein the components (1, 2) are arranged one on top of the other with respect to an incidence direction of the at least one laser beam (LS1, LS2) onto the two components (1, 2).

IPC Classes  ?

• B23K 26/067 - Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multi-focusing
• B23K 26/082 - Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
• B23K 26/08 - Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
• B23K 26/244 - Overlap seam welding
• B23K 26/26 - Seam welding of rectilinear seams
• B23K 26/28 - Seam welding of curved planar seams
• B23K 101/36 - Electric or electronic devices
• H01M 8/0267 - Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
• H01M 8/0297 - Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for providing calibration data for calibrating antenna diagrams of devices which are configured for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic radiation and which belong to a common type series, characterized by the following steps: a) selecting a set of devices from the type series for the creation of a training file, b) for each selected device: measuring a target diagram (34) having a first number of measurement points (24, 26) and creating an associated source diagram (28) having a second number of measurement points (24) which is smaller than the first number, and storing the target and source diagrams (34, 28) in the training file, c) using the training file to train a neural network (30) to determine, on the basis of the source diagrams (28), the respective associated target diagrams (34), d) measuring the source diagrams (28) of the other devices from the type series, e) creating the associated target diagrams (34) by means of the neural network (30) and f) using said target diagrams (34) as calibration data for other devices.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 17/12 - Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of amplitude or phase
• H04B 17/21 - Monitoring; Testing of receivers for correcting measurements

Abstract

The invention relates to an operational method (100) for a fuel-cell assembly (1), in particular of a fuel-cell vehicle, wherein the operational method (100) comprises a moisture-transmitter ageing-protection routine (101), by which ageing behaviour of a moisture transmitter (36), in particular of a gas-to-gas humidifier (36), of the fuel-cell assembly (1) is influenced in such a way that ageing of the moisture transmitter (36) is slowed.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a traction drive of a work machine, wherein the traction drive is provided with a hydrostatic transmission (4), wherein the hydrostatic transmission (4) is provided with a first hydraulic machine (8) with an adjustable displacement volume, wherein the first hydraulic machine (8) is coupled to a drive machine (2) and is responsible for supplying pressure medium to a second hydraulic machine (14) of the traction drive, which second hydraulic machine (14) is coupled to an output and has an adjustable displacement volume, wherein the first hydraulic machine (8) is connected to the second hydraulic machine (14) by means of a first and a second working line (10, 12), wherein power can be transmitted from the drive machine to the output (26) by the first hydraulic machine (8) and the second hydraulic machine (14), wherein the method comprises the following steps: a. sensing a travel speed gradient of the work machine and/or a load of the work machine or a parameter with which the load can be determined; b. receiving a command to deactivate the power transmission; c. determining a desired behaviour of a change in displacement volume of the first hydraulic machine (8) and of the second hydraulic machine (14) during the deactivation of the power transmission on the basis of the travel speed gradient, load or parameter sensed in step a.; d. deactivating the power transmission on the basis of the desired behaviour determined in step c. by changing the displacement volume of the first hydraulic machine (8) and of the second hydraulic machine (14).

IPC Classes  ?

• F16H 61/421 - Motor capacity control by electro-hydraulic control means, e.g. using solenoid valves
• F16H 61/431 - Pump capacity control by electro-hydraulic control means, e.g. using solenoid valve
• F16H 61/472 - Automatic regulation in accordance with output requirements for achieving a target output torque

Abstract

The invention relates to a wiper blade (10) comprising at least one spring rail (17, 17a, 17b) and at least one wiper strip unit (11) having at least one wiper lip (12) and having at least one wiper base body (14), wherein the wiper blade (10) comprises at least one spring rail (17, 17a, 17b) arranged at a distance from the wiper base body (14), in particular arranged at a distance along an axis of symmetry (102) of the wiper blade (10). According to the invention, the wiper strip unit (11) comprises a resilient spacer element (110, 110a, 110b) for supporting the spring rail (17, 17a, 17b) on the wiper base body (14), wherein the spacer element (110, 110a, 110b) preferably rests in contact with the spring rail (17, 17a, 17b).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60S 1/38 - Wiper blades

Abstract

The invention relates to a pump (10) for a cooling circuit, comprising a pump housing (18), a bearing point (30) and at least one drive unit (14), wherein the pump (10) has an impeller wheel (20) which is driven by means of the drive unit (14) and is mounted in the bearing point (30), wherein the impeller wheel (20) is configured to convey a fluid, and wherein the bearing point (30) has a bearing shaft (32) which supports the impeller wheel (20). It is proposed that the pump (10) has at least one bearing shaft cover element (60) which is driven around the bearing shaft (30), in particular a bearing shaft cover cap, wherein the impeller wheel (20) and the bearing shaft cover element (60) are arranged in the throughflow region (40) of the pump (10).

IPC Classes  ?

• F04D 13/06 - Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
• F04D 29/053 - Shafts
• F04D 29/22 - Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic device for a heat pump, in particular an air heat pump, having at least one electronic component for operating the heat pump and having at least one electronics housing unit (16a; 16b; 16c; 16d; 16e) in which the electronic component is arranged. According to the invention, the electronics housing unit (16a; 16b; 16c; 16d; 16e) comprises at least one heat sink (42a; 42b; 42c; 42d, 42e) which is intended to be arranged in a heat reservoir channel (38a; 38b; 38c; 38d) of the heat pump.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 13/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
• F24F 1/24 - Cooling of electric components

Abstract

A trailer tow assist system including a camera that captures a rearward image of the trailer and its surroundings, a human machine interface that displays the rearward image, an input device that receives user input, and an electronic processor. The electronic processor receives the rearward image, identifies a target-space within the surroundings, determines a vehicle orientation relative to the target-space, determines a trailer angle relative to the vehicle, determines a trailer trajectory within the surroundings, and displays the trailer trajectory and rearward image on the human machine interface. The electronic processor also controls, in response to the user input, the vehicle to follow the trailer trajectory along a centerline of the trailer trajectory.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 15/02 - Steering position indicators
• G06T 7/73 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods
• B62D 13/06 - Steering specially adapted for trailers for backing a normally-drawn trailer

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning cartridge (10) for a microfluidic device, having at least one cleaning element (21 - 23). It has at least one actuator (40), which is designed to move the cleaning element (21 - 23). When the microfluidic device is being cleaned by means of the cleaning cartridge (10), the cleaning cartridge (10) is introduced into a receiving region of the microfluidic device in such a way that at least one cleaning element (21 - 23) is positioned on at least one element to be cleaned of the microfluidic device, and the cleaning element (21 - 23) is subsequently moved, by means of the actuator, along the element to be cleaned. The invention also relates to a microfluidic device which is designed so that, by means of at least one actuator (40) of the cleaning cartridge (10), it moves at least one cleaning element (21 - 23) of the cleaning cartridge (10) along on at least one element to be cleaned of the microfluidic device.

IPC Classes  ?

• B08B 1/00 - Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools, brushes, or analogous members
• B08B 11/00 - Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
• B08B 1/30 - by movement of cleaning members over a surface
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
• B08B 3/10 - Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
• G01N 1/34 - Purifying; Cleaning

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydraulic pressure control unit, a brake system, and a diagnosis method capable of appropriately diagnosing an abnormality in a power supply line. A hydraulic pressure control unit (5) comprises: a hydraulic pressure control mechanism including an inlet valve (31) that is an electromagnetic valve electrically connected to a power supply (7) by a power supply line (8); a control device (52) that controls the operation of the hydraulic pressure control mechanism; and a resistor (35) that is electrically connected to the power supply (7) by the power supply line (8), wherein a diagnosis unit of the control device (52) performs a power supply line diagnosis in which an abnormality in the power supply line (8) is diagnosed, in a state where no current is applied to the inlet valve (31) but a current is applied to the resistor (35), on the basis of the change in voltage in the power supply line (8) when the current applied to the resistor (35) is changed.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60T 7/04 - Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot-actuated
• B60T 7/08 - Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand-actuated
• B60T 8/17 - Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
• B60T 8/173 - Eliminating or reducing the effect of unwanted signals, e.g. due to vibrations or electrical noise
• B60T 8/26 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
• B60T 8/32 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
• B60T 13/66 - Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
• B60T 13/68 - Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
• B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices

Abstract

The invention proposes a sensor (10) for detecting an electric current flowing through a conductor (12). The sensor (10) comprises a first measuring core (22) designed to detect a current flowing through the conductor (12) and to output a first signal indicating the current flowing through the conductor (12), wherein the first measuring core (22) is classified according to a first safety requirement level, a second measuring core (24) designed to detect a current flowing through the conductor (12) and to output a second signal indicating the current flowing through the conductor (12), wherein the second measuring core (24) is classified according to a second safety requirement level, and an evaluation circuit (26) designed to detect the first signal and the second signal, wherein the evaluation circuit (26) is designed to use the first signal to check the plausibility of the second signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
• G01R 15/18 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for providing an object message (101) comprising selected information (1001) about a surrounding region of a participant in a communication network comprising the following steps: • acquiring (103) the selected information (1001) about the surrounding region, especially sensor data, • Comparing (105) a calculated or estimated data size (1051) of the object message (101), comprising the acquired information (1001) about the surrounding region, with a given maximum data size (1050) of the transmittable object message (1010), • if the calculated or estimated data size (1051) of the object message (101) exceeds the given maximum data size (1050), the method (100) comprises the following steps: ■ Segmentation (109) of the surrounding region of the participant into at least a first subregion and a second subregion, ■ Generating (111) a first transmittable object message segment (1110), at least comprising all of the selected information (1002) about the first subregion, ■ Generating (112) a second transmittable object message segment (1120), at least comprising al of the selected information (1003) about the second subregion, ■ Providing (110) the first transmittable object message segment (1110) and the second transmittable object message segment (1120) to be sent via the communication network (102).

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 4/12 - Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for compensating for erroneous detections of pulse signals when determining the speed of a vehicle, said vehicle having a pulse-based speed sensor on a wheel and at least one other sensor for determining the speed of the vehicle. The method has the steps of: - determining the speed of the vehicle using the pulse-based speed sensor, - detecting a pulse signal of the pulse-based speed sensor, - calculating the distance traversed by the wheel up to the next pulse signal of the pulse-based speed sensor on the basis of the ascertained speed by means of the other sensor, - detecting an early pulse signal of the pulse-based speed sensor if the calculated distance is less than the circumference of the wheel and/or detecting a missing pulse signal of the pulse-based speed sensor if the calculated distance is greater than the circumference of the wheel, and - omitting the early pulse signal in the process of determining the speed of the vehicle using the pulse-based speed sensor and/or determining the speed of the vehicle using the at least one other sensor if a missing pulse signal has been detected.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01P 21/02 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the other groups of this subclass of speedometers
• G01P 3/487 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical system (101b) for a retinal scan display. A plurality of first exit pupils (A, B) and replicated second exit pupils (A', B') are created. A computer unit (53a) is designed such that, depending on second light beams (51a) in a first infrared wavelength range detected by a first sensor (62a) and back-scattered by an external eye surface (56a) or the modulation of the power of a second light source (83a) and/or depending on third light beams (67a) in a second infrared wavelength range back-scattered by the external eye surface (56a) or a modulation of a power of a third light source (85a) and/or depending on back-scattered third light beams (67a) detected by a second sensor (65a) or the modulation of the power of the third light source (85a), it determines the positions of the first exit pupils (A, B) relative to a pupil centre point (59a) and the positions of the second exit pupils (A', B') relative to the pupil centre point (59a). The computer unit (53a) also functions to differentiate the determined positions of the determined first exit pupils (A,B) relative to the pupil centre point (59a) in relation to the determined positions of the determined second exit pupils (A', B') relative to the pupil centre point (59a) from one another.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays
• G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,

Abstract

The invention relates to an event-based camera (10) for generating sensor data, in particular for a laser beam working system, comprising a camera chip (12) and an objective (14) for imaging an object (20) in a capture region (24) of the event-based camera (10) onto the camera chip (12), the event-based camera (10) comprising an illuminating device (22), and the illuminating device (22) being designed to illuminate the camera chip (12) with light. The invention also relates to a laser beam working system comprising the event-based camera (10) for monitoring a laser beam working process and to the use of the event-based camera (10) for monitoring a laser beam working process, in particular for monitoring a laser beam welding process.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04N 23/56 - Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
• H04N 23/55 - Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
• B23K 26/03 - Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece

Abstract

A shut-off valve device (32) for a fuel supply system for supplying an internal combustion engine with, in particular, gaseous fuel, comprises an inlet (54), an outlet (56), a first valve (58) with a first valve element, which is acted upon in the closing direction by a first biasing device (62) and can be acted upon in the opening direction by a controllable actuator (64), characterised in that the shut-off valve device (32) further comprises a second valve (60) hydraulically parallel to the first valve (58) and having a second valve element, which is acted upon by an inlet-side fluid pressure in the closing direction and by an outlet-side fluid pressure in the opening direction, and which is mechanically coupled (70) to the first valve (58) in the closing direction in such a way that it closes when the first valve (58) closes.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analyzing the state, in particular the health, of a rechargeable battery pack (16; 16a), in particular an exchangeable rechargeable battery pack (26; 26a), having the steps of: - detecting (100) at least one resistance characteristic; - ascertaining (102) at least one resistance on the basis of the resistance characteristic, - additionally detecting (104) at least one temperature characteristic; - additionally ascertaining (106) at least one temperature on the basis of the temperature characteristic; and - calculating (108) the SoH value of the rechargeable battery pack (16; 16a) while taking into consideration the at least one resistance and the at least one temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement (10) for measuring a bearing force of a bottom bracket (24) of a vehicle (100) which can be operated by means of muscle power and/or motor power, the arrangement comprising a bottom bracket (24), a bearing receptacle (5), which at least partly annularly engages around the bottom bracket (24), a bearing force sensor (51), and a measuring unit (6), wherein a flexible bar (53) which is bendable in a radial direction is formed on the bearing receptacle (5), wherein the bearing force sensor (51) is designed to detect a deformation of the flexible bar (53), and wherein the measuring unit (6) is designed to measure a bearing force on the bearing bracket (24) on the basis of the deformation of the flexible bar (53), which has been detected by means of the bearing force sensor (51).

IPC Classes  ?

• B62J 45/411 - Torque sensors
• B62J 45/421 - Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by mounting at the pedal crank
• B62M 3/00 - Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
• F16C 35/04 - Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
• F16C 41/00 - Other accessories for bearings
• G01L 3/00 - Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive unit (1) of a vehicle (100) able to be driven by muscle force and/or motor force, comprising a motor (2) with an output shaft (22), a crank shaft (3) and a transmission (4), wherein the transmission (4) is configured for torque transmission between the output shaft (22) and the crank shaft (3), wherein the output shaft (22) is arranged coaxially to the crank shaft (3), and wherein the transmission (4) is designed as a spur gear transmission.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62J 45/411 - Torque sensors
• B62J 45/421 - Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by mounting at the pedal crank
• B62M 6/55 - Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for ascertaining an erroneous pulse signal when measuring the speed of a vehicle, in particular a single-track vehicle, such as an e-bike, said vehicle having a pulse-based speed sensor on a wheel. The method has the steps of: - detecting a first, second, third, and fourth pulse signal using the pulse-based speed sensor, - determining a first difference between the points in time of the second and first pulse signal, determining a second difference between the points in time of the third and second pulse signal, and determining a third difference between the points in time of the fourth and third pulse signal, - ascertaining whether the third pulse signal was detected too early or too late by at least comparing the first and/or the second difference with at least one first threshold, and - ascertaining the third pulse signal type by at least comparing the third and the second difference with at least one second threshold.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01P 21/02 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the other groups of this subclass of speedometers
• G01P 3/487 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets

Abstract

The invention relates to a DC/DC converter with three DC voltage connections between which electrical energy can be exchanged. At least one resonant circuit is provided in the DC/DC converter for resonant operation of the DC/DC converter. Components for resonant operation are also preferably provided for other DC voltage connections.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements

Abstract

The invention relates to a waveguide (1) consisting of two waveguide parts (11, 12). Each waveguide part (11, 12) has a wave guide body (111, 121) and a part (110, 120) of at least one waveguide channel (10), which are arranged such that they form the at least one waveguide channel (10) when the two waveguide parts (11, 12) are joined together. The opposing surfaces (112, 122) of the two waveguide parts (11, 12) are designed in parallel. A pin (2) is formed in the waveguide body (111) of the first waveguide part (11), which projects in the direction of the second waveguide part (12). A recess (3) receiving the pin (2) is formed in the waveguide body (121) of the second waveguide part (12). The pin (2) and the recess (3) are arranged coaxially relative to one another and the pin (3) and the recess (3) do not come into contact in the assembled state of the waveguide (1).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01P 11/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
• H01P 3/12 - Hollow waveguides
• H01P 1/162 - Auxiliary devices for mode conversion absorbing spurious or unwanted modes of propagation

Abstract

The invention relates to a waveguide (1) consisting of two waveguide parts (11, 12). Each waveguide part (11, 12) has a wave guide body (111, 121) and a part (110, 120) of at least one waveguide channel (10) which are arranged such that they form the at least one waveguide channel (10) when the two waveguide parts (11, 12) are joined together. The opposing surfaces (112, 122) of the two waveguide parts are parallel. A recess (2, 23 - 26) is provided in a side wall (114, 124) of a waveguide channel (10). The width (b) and the height (h) of the recess (2, 23 - 26) are substantially smaller than half the wavelength of a signal for which the at least one waveguide channel (10) is designed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01P 1/04 - Fixed joints
• H01P 3/123 - Hollow waveguides with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining an ambient temperature at the installation site of a component (110), comprising: detecting a coolant temperature (10) of a coolant that is used to cool the component (110); and, determining (20) the assumed ambient temperature (30) at the installation site of the component (110) on the basis of at least the coolant temperature (10). The invention also relates to a method for determining a temperature (80) of a component (110), comprising: determining (60) an expected temperature (70) of the component (110) for a predetermined ambient temperature of the component; and, correcting the expected temperature (70) of the component (110) on the basis of an assumed ambient temperature (30) of the component, in order to determine the temperature (80) of the component (110).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01K 7/42 - Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature

Abstract

A DC voltage converter having three DC voltage connections. The DC voltage converter can exchange electrical energy between the three DC voltage connections in any desired way. The DC voltage converter comprises a resonant circuit for resonant operation. In addition, a combination of an H-bridge circuit and a step-down converter is provided on at least one DC voltage converter connection.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (500) for interrupting a charging process of a power source (230) of an electric drive (200), having the steps of: detecting (510) a fault at a highside switch (231, 233, 235) of a first half-bridge of the inverter (210), and closing (520) a lowside switch (232, 234, 236) of a half-bridge of the inverter (210).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• B60L 3/04 - Cutting-off the power supply under fault conditions
• B60L 53/24 - Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
• B60L 53/10 - Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to monitoring a freewheeling mode in an electric drive system. For this purpose, the electrical power on the direct-current side, the alternating-current side or in the half-bridges in the power converter is detected by sensors. Freewheeling is terminated in accordance with the detected sensor values as soon as a predetermined termination criterion is met.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 3/22 - Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by short-circuit or resistive braking

Abstract

The invention relates to an eye tracking device (40) for detecting and/or tracking a pupil position (10), in particular in a pair of data glasses (12), comprising at least one virtual retinal scan display (14), having at least one laser projector (16) that is designed to at least emit a laser beam bundle (22), which comprises at least one visible laser signal (18), in particular an RGB laser signal, and at least one infrared laser signal (20) and which contains at least one (RGB) image to be displayed, and having at least one optical system (24) comprising at least one replicating optical element (26) which is at least designed to multiply the (RGB) image to be displayed in order to output same into a plurality of exit pupils (eyeboxes, 30, 64) of the optical system (24), said exit pupils being mutually spaced at least on a pupil plane (28) of the virtual retinal scan display (14). According to the invention, the optical system (24) has a wavelength-selective optical element (32) which is designed to solely manipulate the infrared laser signal (20) of the laser beam bundle (22) and allow the visible laser signal (18), in particular the RGB laser signal, of the laser beam bundle (22) to pass at least substantially unchanged.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays
• G02B 27/10 - Beam splitting or combining systems

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas supply apparatus (1) comprising: a shaft (7) which is mounted in a housing (15) so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation (13); and a temperature-control device (11) comprising a medium temperature control means (12) that surrounds the shaft (7) and is combined with a gas temperature control means (20). In order to improve the gas supply apparatus (1) in terms of its functionality and/or it manufacturing method, the gas temperature control means (20) comprises at least two temperature control chambers (51, 52), which are connected to one another via a first temperature control path (61), which is connected in a temperature-controlling manner to at least one first component (71) to be temperature controlled.

IPC Classes  ?

• F04D 29/58 - Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
• F04D 17/10 - Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
• F04D 29/057 - Bearings hydrodynamic
• F04D 29/051 - Axial thrust balancing

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging device for a vehicle, the input side of the charging device (500) comprising an input terminal unit (100) for connecting a multiphase alternating voltage and a PFC stage (200) for providing a direct voltage at an intermediate terminal (300), a second connection line (120) being divided into a first part of the second connection line (120_1) and a second part of the second connection line (120_2), and a second switching element (S2) being provided which is located between the first part of the second connection line (120_1) and the second part of the second connection line (120_2) and being designed to conduct a charging current from the second input terminal (L2) via the first part and the second part of the second connection line (120_1, 120_2) to the second choke (204), or to conduct a charging current from the first connection line (110) via the second part of the second connection line (120_2) to the second choke (204).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
• H02M 7/12 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
• B60L 53/22 - Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging device for a vehicle, the input side of the charging device (500) comprising an input terminal unit (100) for connecting a single-phase or multiphase alternating voltage and a PFC stage (200) for providing a direct voltage at an intermediate terminal (300), the PFC stage (200) comprising a half-bridge (210, 220, 230) for each phase of the n-phases, a first switching element (S1) being connected on one side to the positive ends of the half-bridges and on the other side to the positive intermediate terminal (310) and being designed to enable or interrupt a current flow between the positive ends of the half-bridges and the positive intermediate terminal (310) via the first switching element (S1).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
• H02M 7/12 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
• H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
• B60L 53/22 - Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the wear analysis of at least one component of a motor vehicle. Sensor data are captured by at least one sensor, the sensor data being captured in order to provide at least one basic function of the motor vehicle and/or of a drive train of the motor vehicle. Data which are dependant on an instantaneous state of the at least one component are calculated using a model, the model receiving the captured sensor data as an input variable. Information regarding instantaneous wear of the at least one component is determined using the calculated data.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01M 13/02 - Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
• G01M 17/007 - Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles

Abstract

1212jiii (0)oii (0)ii (0)oii (0)oii (0)ijozizi (0)ii (0)oii (s)ii (o)ii (0)ii (s)ii (s)ii (0)ii (l)ii (0)ii (s)ii (s)ijj) using the decoder (60) of the transformer.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
• G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a hard metal tip (502), in particular a hard metal tip for a drilling tool, having at least one cutting edge (506) and a joining surface for connection of the hard metal tip to a main part of the drilling tool. According to the invention, the hard metal tip (502) has at least one closed suction channel (516).

IPC Classes  ?

• B23B 51/00 - Tools for drilling machines
• B28D 1/14 - Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling

Abstract

The present invention relates to a regeneration method (100) for regenerating a contaminated fuel cell stack (201). The regeneration method (100) comprises: - passing (101) reconditioning agent into the fuel cell stack (201), - rinsing (103) the reconditioning reagent from the fuel cell stack (201), the reconditioning reagent containing mobile anions or a mobile-anion precursor.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting the position of at least one first traffic participant (V1.1, V1.2) with a first transceiver unit relative to a second traffic participant (V2.1, V2.2, V3.1, V3.2) with a second transceiver unit in a spatially defined region. The transceiver units are radio-based, and no absolute positioning processes are carried out. Furthermore, the method has the steps of wirelessly measuring the distance (a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2) between the first traffic participant and the second traffic participant in the defined region at a defined point in time by means of the first traffic participant using the transceiver units and generating distance information. In another step, the distance information is provided to the second traffic participant via the radio-based transceiver unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 5/00 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
• G08G 1/16 - Anti-collision systems

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric bicycle comprising a radio interface for directly connecting the electric bicycle to a mobile terminal, wherein the radio interface is designed to continuously transmit a radio signal. According to the invention, the radio signal is designed in such a way that application software can be executed on the mobile terminal by means of the radio signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• B62J 50/22 - Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger electronic, e.g. displays
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a hydrogen engine, having a plurality of cylinders, by determining a combustion air ratio of the internal combustion engine, comparing the determined combustion air ratio with a predetermined lower limit value and an upper limit value corresponding to the combustion limits, to control the operation of the internal combustion engine by: a) adjusting (10) cylinder-specific injection quantities of fuel based on a rail pressure signal of the combustion engine, as soon as the determined combustion air ratio corresponds at most to the lower limit value, in order to achieve equalisation of the injection quantities of the cylinders, b) adjusting (12) the cylinder-specific injection quantities of fuel based on the speed of the combustion engine, as soon as the determined combustion air ratio in a transition range close to the combustion limit is above the lower limit value and below the upper limit value, in order to take into account cycle fluctuations of the cylinders, c) switching off (14) at least one cylinder and adjusting the cylinder-specific injection quantities of fuel distributed to the remaining cylinders according to measure a) or measure b), as soon as the determined combustion air ratio has reached the upper limit value and thus the combustion limit, wherein the respective ignition angle is kept in an efficiency-optimised range as part of all of measures a), b) or c).

IPC Classes  ?

• F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
• F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
• F02D 41/14 - Introducing closed-loop corrections
• F02D 19/02 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
• F02D 35/02 - Non-electrical control of engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions

Abstract

P2p-P2nP2p-P2nP2p-P2nP2p-P2n) over time during the current and/or voltage excitation is below the predetermined threshold value (212).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/417 - Systems using cells and probes with solid electrolytes

Abstract

Provided are a function management system and a function management method which are highly convenient for users, while realizing authentication with high security. A function management system (1) according to the present invention comprises: a management unit (60) having a message generation unit (62) that generates, in accordance with an input of a user boarding on a vehicle (10), a message for enabling or disabling a function of an electronic control device (40) constituting an on-vehicle network (50) to be mounted on the vehicle; a processing unit (70) that processes the message by using identification information allocated to each function of the electronic control device; and an execution unit (80) that changes a function state for enabling or disabling execution of a function in accordance with the message processed by the processing unit. The management unit (60) comprises: a reading unit (71) that reads a function state of a current function after receiving the message; a determination unit (72) that compares the function state with a request through the message, and determines whether to enable or disable the function; and a command generation unit (73) that generates, in accordance with the determination, a command to be transmitted to the execution unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/40 - Network security protocols
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 12/40 - Bus networks
• H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks

Abstract

The present invention provides a control device and a control method that can improve the safety of a saddle-ride type vehicle. In a control device (20) and a control method according to the present invention, an acquisition unit of the control device (20) acquires positional relationship information about a saddle-ride type vehicle (1) and a rear vehicle that is a vehicle positioned behind the saddle-ride type vehicle (1), an execution unit of the control device (20) executes a rider assistance operation to assist a rider in driving, and the execution unit executes, on the basis of the positional relationship information, a lane change notification operation that is a rider assistance operation to notify the rider of an instruction to change lanes.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 50/14 - Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
• B60W 30/18 - Propelling the vehicle
• B62J 50/21 - Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger

Abstract

The present invention provides a control device and a control method capable of improving assistance for a rider. This control device for a saddled vehicle (100) rider assistance system comprises an execution unit that executes rider assistance operation for assisting a rider of the host vehicle (100) on the basis of the positional relationship between the host vehicle (100) and a subject, and further comprises an acquisition unit that, if it is determined that a group traveling mode in which a group composed of a plurality of saddled vehicles (300) including the host vehicle (100) travels within in one lane (L) in a plurality of vehicle rows (C1 C2) is in effect, acquires position information of the host vehicle (100) within the group. If it is determined that the group traveling mode is in effect, the execution unit executes the rider assistance operation on the basis of the position information acquired by the acquisition unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 30/16 - Control of distance between vehicles, e.g. keeping a distance to preceding vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a control device and a control method which are capable of improving the safety of a lean vehicle. In a control device 20 and a control method according to the present invention: an acquisition unit of the control device 20 acquires, on the basis of the surrounding environmental information about the lean vehicle 1, approaching object information which is information about an approaching object that approaches a lean vehicle 1; an execution unit of the control device 20 executes a rider assistance operation for assisting an operation of a rider on the basis of the approaching object information; and a determination unit of the control device 20 determines whether there is a get-off possibility which is the possibility that the rider gets off the lean vehicle 1, and the execution unit executes the rider assistance operation when the determination unit has determined that there is the get-off possibility.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 50/14 - Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
• B60W 30/095 - Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision
• B62J 50/21 - Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger

Abstract

The present invention provides a control device and a control method which make it possible to appropriately adjust a positional relationship between a two-wheeled vehicle and a leading vehicle. With regard to a control device (20) and a control method of the present invention, an execution unit of the control device (20) executes a positional relationship adjustment operation for adjusting a positional relationship between a two-wheeled vehicle (1) and a leading vehicle positioned in front of the two-wheeled vehicle (1) so as to be a target positional relationship. Furthermore, a determination unit of the control device (20) determines whether the two-wheeled vehicle (1) is cornering, and the execution unit changes the target positional relationship in accordance with whether the two-wheeled vehicle (1) is cornering.

IPC Classes  ?

• G08G 1/16 - Anti-collision systems
• B60W 30/16 - Control of distance between vehicles, e.g. keeping a distance to preceding vehicle
• B60W 30/18 - Propelling the vehicle
• B62J 45/415 - Inclination sensors

Abstract

The invention discloses a DC voltage converter arrangement for supplying energy to a low-voltage supply system from a high-voltage supply system in an electric vehicle. The DC voltage converter arrangement comprises, in addition to a DC voltage converter, a supplementary auxiliary voltage supply system. This auxiliary voltage supply system can supply control components of the DC voltage converter with electrical energy. The voltage supply system can further feed electrical energy into the low-voltage supply system so that the DC voltage converter can be deactivated when there is a low power requirement in the low-voltage supply system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/08 - Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
• B60L 1/00 - Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a coherent cooperative radar sensor network comprising a plurality of radar sensors (11, 12, 13), wherein at least two sensors (12, 13) operate coherently. The sensor data (SD1, SD2, SD3) are divided, according to the type of evaluation, into data (KD) to be evaluated coherently and data (NKD) to be evaluated non-coherently. The data (KD) to be evaluated coherently and the data (NKD) to be evaluated non-coherently are communicated to respectively different evaluation units (110, 120, 130; 31, 32, 33), each of which then carries out an evaluation. The individual evaluations are combined to form an overall evaluation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/288 - Coherent receivers
• G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
• G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
• G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
• G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar

Abstract

The present invention relates to controlling an electromechanical switch element between a charging port and a charging circuit. Two alternative current paths are provided for controlling said electromechanical switch element: in one of the two current paths an additional electrical resistor is provided in order to limit the electrical current for controlling said switch element.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/24 - Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• B60L 3/04 - Cutting-off the power supply under fault conditions
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• H01R 13/66 - Structural association with built-in electrical component
• H01R 13/70 - Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
• H01R 24/54 - Intermediate parts, e.g. adapters, splitters or elbows

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating an electric drive device (1), wherein: the drive device (1) has an electric motor (2) comprising a motor winding and has a switching device (4) that is associated with the motor winding; at least one coolant line (10) having a coolant (12) is associated with the switching device (4); the switching device (4) is actuated depending on a predefined power requirement; and the power requirement is limited depending on a limiting variable. According to the invention, the limiting variable is established depending on a determined cooling condition variable which describes a current coolant temperature of the coolant (12) and a current volume flow of the coolant (12).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• H02P 29/032 - Preventing damage to the motor, e.g. setting individual current limits for different drive conditions
• H02K 9/19 - Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
• H02K 11/33 - Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics

Abstract

The invention relates to a change from an active short circuit to the free wheel of an inverter in an electric drive system. To this end, a half bridge of the inverter is temporarily set to a switching state that corresponds to the switching state of the free wheel. Then, the current curve in this half bridge is evaluated to check whether a change to the free wheel is permissible or not.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 3/22 - Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by short-circuit or resistive braking
• H02P 29/024 - Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection element (10) for electrically connecting electronic elements (11, 12), comprising a first connection region (1), which is designed for connection to a first electronic element (11), and a second connection region (2), which is designed for connection to a second electronic element (12), wherein each connection region (1, 2) is in the form of a sheet, wherein the first connection region (1) is in a first connection plane (21), and wherein the second connection region (2) is located at a distance from the first connection plane (21).

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/14 - Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
• H01L 23/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
• H01R 4/68 - Connections to or between superconductive conductors
• H02M 7/00 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a hydraulic volume in a system (1) consisting of a power brake (10) and a driving dynamics control system (14), wherein the power brake (10) is hydraulically coupled to the driving dynamics control system (14). The method comprises the steps of generating (A) a control signal by means of the driving dynamics control system (14), and providing a control signal for the power brake (10), in order to provide hydraulic volumes for the driving dynamics control system (14). The method further comprises the steps of performing (D) a control of the driving dynamics, returning (E) the hydraulic volume from the driving dynamics control system (14), after the control of the driving dynamics is ended, to a reservoir (50) via previously opened circuit isolating valves (38, 42), via which the driving dynamics control system (14) can be connected to the reservoir (50). In addition, the method comprises the step of closing (G) the circuit isolating valves (38, 42) and controlling (H) the brake pressure in the driving dynamics control system (14) using an external-power piston (54) arranged in an external-power cylinder (52), for the case where, before or during the return (E) of the hydraulic volume, an active braking manoeuvre is initiated.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60T 13/16 - Pressure supply arrangements using pumps directly, i.e. without interposition of accumulators or reservoirs
• B60T 13/68 - Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
• B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive

Abstract

The invention relates to a foil thrust bearing (1) having different bearing foils (11-14; 21-24) which are fitted in a defined position and in a specific order on two sides of an axial intermediate space (8). In order to simplify the assembly of the foil thrust bearing (1), the different bearing foils (11-14; 21-24) are provided with additional identifiers which are visible in a defined identifier arrangement on the different bearing foils (11-14; 21-24) only when the different bearing foils (11-14; 21-24) are fitted in a correct fitting order and are correctly positioned.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16C 17/04 - Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
• F16C 41/00 - Other accessories for bearings

Abstract

The invention relates to the discharging of energy stores such as, for example, DC link capacitors in a high-voltage system, in particular a high-voltage system of an electric vehicle. To this end, a DC-DC converter device having at least two DC-DC converters is provided, wherein at least one DC-DC converter transmits power from the high-voltage system to a low-voltage system and, in parallel therewith, at least one further DC-DC converter transmits power from the low-voltage system to the high-voltage system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/12 - Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
• H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for predicting a trajectory of a vehicle, in particular of a single-track vehicle such as an e-bike, comprising the following steps: - obtaining map information from a predefinable region around the current position of the vehicle, - ascertaining a road network based on the obtained map information, - ascertaining one or more possible paths of the vehicle on the basis of the ascertained road network, - determining a kinematic trajectory of the vehicle and/or a state of the vehicle on the basis of at least one of the following variables: linear acceleration, angular acceleration, yaw rate, speed, direction, orientation, position, driver cadence and/or drive torque of the vehicle, driver drive torque, - determining one or more possible trajectories of the vehicle on the basis of the one or more determined paths, and - estimating at least one probability of the one or more possible trajectories being followed by the vehicle, using the determined kinematic trajectory and/or the determined state.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 30/ -

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical device with at least one circuit carrier comprising a carrier substrate made of an electrical insulation material. On at least one outer face of the circuit carrier, an electrical conductor structure is formed with structure regions that are electrically insulated from one another by an effective first insulation structure made of the insulation material of the carrier substrate. A dam-like second insulation structure is then arranged, at least in some regions, on the first insulation structure, said second insulation structure framing an electrically insulated structure region and/or at least one group of at least two adjacent electrically insulated structure regions of the conductor structure with a dam course that is closed in each case. The thus extending second insulation structure projects in each case beyond the surface of the at least one or the several framed comprised structure regions on sides of the outer surface of the circuit carrier.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 1/02 - Printed circuits - Details

Abstract

The invention proceeds from a press-in contact element, comprising at least two press-in zones, which are each formed terminally at an edge contour of the press-in contact element along press-in axes which are spaced apart and run parallel to each other. The at least two press-in zones also have a galvanic coating and a spacing from each other in the direction of the press-in axes. At least two press-in zones are then in each case formed on partial contact elements which are connected to each other at a connection interface so as to form the press-in contact element.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01R 12/58 - Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures characterised by the terminals terminals for insertion into holes
• H01R 43/16 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a gas injector for determining the start of a braking current to reduce closure bounce of an armature of a magnetic actuator, comprising the following steps: determining a voltage curve C of the magnetic actuator over time t; determining, exclusively based on the voltage curve C of the magnetic actuator, a time L when the armature starts moving from the open position of the gas injector in the direction of a closing position; and establishing the start of the braking current exclusively based on the voltage curve C of the magnetic actuator.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02D 19/02 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
• F02D 41/20 - Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for operating a gas injector (1) of an internal combustion engine in order to avoid closing bounces during a closing process of an armature (2) of a magnetic actuator, comprising the steps of: ending energisation of the magnetic actuator at a switching time t0 to initiate the closing process of the gas injector; and determining a switching time t3 after a period of time Z has elapsed after the switching time t0, at which switching time a voltage U of the magnetic actuator is set to zero.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02D 19/02 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
• F02D 41/20 - Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels

Abstract

Rotor of an electric machine, in particular an electrically excited synchronous machine, having a plurality of salient poles (3) arranged along a circumferential direction with respect to a rotor axis (2) of the rotor (1), between which rotor slots (4) are formed for the arrangement of electrical conductors (5) of a rotor winding (6), wherein the salient poles (3) have pole shoes (7) at the radially outer pole ends with respect to the rotor axis (2), wherein a slot (8) is formed between adjacent pole shoes (7) as a radial opening of the respective rotor groove (4), characterised in that - at least one circumferential pole groove (10) extending in the circumferential direction is provided on a radial outer side (7a) of each pole shoe (7), for receiving an annular section (11.1) of an annular short sleeve (11), - the circumferential pole grooves (10) of all pole shoes (7) form at least one groove group (12), the circumferential pole grooves (11) of which are designed to partially accommodate the same short sleeve (11), - at least one short sleeve (11) is arranged in at least one, in particular each, groove group (12).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02K 1/24 - Rotor cores with salient poles
• H02K 1/28 - Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
• H02K 3/52 - Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
• H02K 19/00 - Synchronous motors or generators

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor (1) of an electric machine, having a rotor axis (2) and multiple salient poles (3) which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor (1) and between which pole slots (4) are formed for arranging electric conductors of a rotor winding (5). The salient poles (3) have pole shoes (6) at the radially outer pole ends, wherein each of the salient poles (3) is surrounded by a coil (7) of the rotor winding (5), and each of the coils (7) has two coil slot sections (7n), which run in the pole slots (4), and multiple winding layers (8). The invention is characterized in that a respective winding plate (10) is provided in the coil slot sections (7n) of each coil (7) between the uppermost and lowermost winding layer (8), said winding plate having multiple support ribs (11) on an outer face facing away from the respective salient pole (3) in order to form winding chambers (12) and consisting in particular of plastic. Lower winding layers of each coil (7) are provided below the two winding plates (10), and upper winding layers of each coil (7) are provided in the winding chambers (12) above the two winding plates (10).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02K 3/52 - Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto

Abstract

A pressure supply unit for providing a first target pressure level (1051) and a second target pressure level (1051), comprising - a pump (103) for drawing in a fluid, - a first component (1011, 1071) for controlling fluid flow on a first side (1001) of the pump (103) that controls the fluid flow according to a first current pressure level (1053) and is thus configured to provide the first target pressure level (1051) on the first side (1001) of the pressure supply unit (100), and - a second component (1012, 1072) for controlling fluid flow on a second side (1002) of the pump (103) that controls the fluid flow according to a second current pressure level (1054) and is thus configured to provide the second target pressure level (1052) on the second side (1002) of the pressure supply unit (100). The invention further relates to a method for providing two target pressure levels (1051, 1052) and to a microfluidic analysis system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
• F04B 19/00 - Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups
• F04B 43/00 - Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
• F04B 43/04 - Pumps having electric drive
• F04B 45/00 - Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a fuel cell device. In at least one step, at least one exhaust gas measurement value (14a; 14b; 14c; 14d; 14e, 22e; 14f) of the composition of an exhaust gas of the fuel cell device is detected, in order to adjust the flow rate of fuel flowing through the fuel cell device on the basis of a controlled variable (16a; 16b; 16c; 16d; 16e; 16f) which is based on the exhaust gas measurement value (14a; 14b; 14c; 14d; 14e, 22e; 14f). According to the invention, in at least one step, the actual value of the controlled variable (16a; 16b; 16c; 16d; 16e; 16f) is ascertained in that an analysis function is analyzed which correlates the exhaust gas measurement value (14a; 14b; 14c; 14d; 14e, 22e; 16f) directly to the controlled variable (16a; 16b; 16c; 16d; 16e; 16f).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0444 - Concentration; Density
• H01M 8/04746 - Pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/04858 - Electric variables
• H01M 8/04992 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence

Abstract

A hydraulic circuit includes a first cylinder including a first rod and a second cylinder including a second rod. In addition, the hydraulic circuit includes a primary energy source that is common to both the first cylinder and the second cylinder and is sized to perform the intended work of the circuit, and a secondary energy source that is common to both the first cylinder and the second cylinder and is sized to make up for parasitic losses of the circuit. The first cylinder is coupled to the second cylinder electronically and fluidly such that when the first rod moves relative to the first cylinder, the second rod moves relative to the second cylinder in a motion that is equal and opposite to the motion of the first rod.

IPC Classes  ?

• F04B 23/02 - Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
• F04B 23/04 - Combinations of two or more pumps
• F15B 1/00 - Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies

Abstract

The invention relates to a diagnostic method (100) for diagnosing the state of an electrochemical cell (301) of an electrochemical energy converter (300). The diagnostic method (100) has the steps of: - ascertaining (101) the curve (201) of electric properties of the electrochemical cell over time, - determining (103) data packets (205, 209) which can be analyzed, - aggregating (105) at least one region (207, 211) of each data packet (205, 209) which can be analyzed in order to form an aggregated curve, - determining (107) the slope for at least one region of the aggregated curve, - assigning (109) a characteristic to the slope according to a specified assignment scheme in order to quantify the state of the electrochemical cell, and - outputting (111) the characteristic on an output unit, wherein a data packet (205, 209) which can be analyzed comprises a plurality of data points with values which differ from one another maximally by a specified threshold at least for a specified duration.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/382 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
• G01R 31/385 - Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
• G01R 31/387 - Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• H01M 8/04537 - Electric variables

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
• B29C 64/209 - Heads; Nozzles
• B29C 64/321 - Feeding
• B29C 64/386 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B29C 64/393 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 40/00 - Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
• B33Y 50/00 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 50/02 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (20) for providing a material (38) to be printed in order to produce a three-dimensional object (1) to be printed from the printable material (38) for a 3D printer (2), comprising a metering device (18) for filling a discharge device (14) with the material (38). The invention is characterized in that the device (20) has a system (5) for identifying the printable material (38) and/or the three-dimensional object (1), wherein the discharge device (14) comprises a first marking device (52), and the metering device (18) comprises a second marking device (51). The invention additionally relates to a method for providing a material (38) to be printed in order to produce a three-dimensional object (1) to be printed from the printable material (38) for a 3D printer (2) using a device (20) according to the invention.

IPC Classes  ?

• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B29C 64/259 - Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers interchangeable
• B29C 64/307 - Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
• B29C 64/386 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 50/00 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B22F 12/00 - Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for controlling an electrical device which is thermally coupled to a cooling system, the system comprising at least one temperature input for measuring at least one temperature of a coolant flowing toward and/or away from the electrical device, and/or a temperature of the electrical device, a control signal output, a storage unit which is designed to store and output at least one characteristic variable of the electrical device, and a control unit which is connected to the at least one temperature input, the storage unit and the control signal output, wherein the control unit is designed to determine at least one electrical target variable of the electrical device from one of least one temperature, which is measured at the at least one temperature input, and a dynamic model, which is based on the at least one characteristic variable and signals of measured/calculated variables which take the current operating conditions of the electrical device into consideration, the electrical target variable being required for adjusting a desired curve of the rate of temperature change and/or a desired temperature curve of the coolant and/or of the device, and wherein the control unit is designed to output the at least one determined electrical target variable at the control signal output for controlling the electrical device.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a connecting device (10) for a cooling circuit (110) of a fuel-cell system (100) comprising multiple fuel cells (120), the connecting device (10) comprising a main body (20) having: at least one fuel-cell interface (30); at least one cooling-circuit interface (40); at least one temperature sensor (50); at least one pressure sensor (60); and at least one filter device (70), the at least one fuel-cell interface (30) and the at least one cooling-circuit interface (40) being fluidically interconnected via a flow duct (80), the at least one temperature sensor (50), the at least one pressure sensor (60) and the at least one filter device (70) being located along the flow duct (80) between the at least one fuel-cell interface (30) and the at least one cooling-circuit interface (40) so as to be fluidically interconnected. The invention also relates to a fuel-cell system (100) comprising a cooling circuit (110) having at least one connecting device (10), and comprising multiple fuel cells (120).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04029 - Heat exchange using liquids
• H01M 8/04044 - Purification of heat exchange media
• H01M 8/04007 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange

Abstract

The present invention provides a control device and control method that can reduce the effort required to operate a saddle-riding-type vehicle. Provided are a control device 20 and a control method. An acquisition unit of the control device 20 acquires drive source information which is information regarding a drive source (engine 11) of a saddle-riding-type vehicle 1. Furthermore, an execution unit of the control device 20 executes a drive wheel lock that locks, by braking, a drive wheel (rear wheel 3) of the saddle-riding-type vehicle 1, without depending on an operation performed by a rider of the saddle-riding-type vehicle 1. The execution unit starts locking the drive wheel if the drive source information indicates that the drive source has stopped.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60T 7/12 - Brake-action initiating means for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
• B60T 8/17 - Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
• B60T 8/32 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve assembly (1) for a fuel gas tank (2), comprising a housing (3) in which a fuel gas line (4) is formed which branches, within the housing (3), into an extraction path (5) having an integrated shut-off valve (6) and a refueling path (7) having an integrated check valve (8), wherein a mass flow limiting valve (9) is integrated into the fuel gas line (4) downstream of the shut-off valve (6) and the check valve (8) in relation to the fuel gas flow direction during the extraction of fuel gas from the fuel gas tank (2), and prevents an uncontrolled outflow of fuel gas via the fuel gas line (4) both in the case of a defective shut-off valve (6) and in the case of a defective check valve (8). The invention also relates to a fuel gas tank (2) and to a fuel gas tank system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves

Abstract

The invention relates to a securing device for securing a grinding wheel and/or polishing wheel (20) to a tool holder (12) of a power tool (10), in particular a tool holder (12) of an angle grinder, the securing device comprising: at least one support disk (16) for mounting and/or supporting the grinding wheel and/or polishing wheel (20), which support disk has a through-hole (17); and a clamping sleeve (18) for insertion into the through-hole (17) and for establishing a friction fit between the grinding wheel and/or polishing wheel (20) and the support disk (16). According to the invention, the securing device comprises at least one intermediate element (22) for arrangement between the clamping sleeve (18) and the grinding wheel and/or polishing wheel (20) for reinforcing the friction fit.

IPC Classes  ?

• B24B 45/00 - Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors
• B24B 23/02 - Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor

Abstract

The invention proceeds from a method for operating an electrochemical device, in particular a fuel cell device, wherein, in at least one method step, at least one operating parameter and at least one further operating parameter, which is different from the operating parameter, for open-loop or closed-loop control of the electrochemical device are measured and wherein, in at least one method step, it is determined that a steady operating state (14) of the electrochemical device has been reached. It is proposed that a time profile of an, in particular individual, operating characteristic variable combining the at least one operating parameter and the at least one further operating parameter is evaluated in order to identify that the steady operating state (14) has been reached.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04992 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
• H01M 8/0432 - Temperature; Ambient temperature
• H01M 8/0438 - Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/04537 - Electric variables

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) for converting energy. The fuel cell system (100) comprises: - a first sub-system (101), said first sub-system (101) comprising a first outlet system (105), - at least one second sub-system (103), said second sub-system (103) comprising a second outlet system (111), - a supply system (117) for supplying fuel to the first sub-system (101) and the second sub-system (103), and - a computing unit (123), wherein the supply system (117) comprises a central tank pressure controller (119) which is configured so as to supply fuel from a tank (121) to the first sub-system (101) and the second sub-system (103) together, the first sub-system (101) and the second sub-system (103) are hydraulically coupled via the supply system (117), and the computing unit (123) is configured so as to actuate the first outlet system (101) and the second outlet system (103) such that the outlet systems produce a pressure drop at the tank pressure controller (119) in a temporally synchronous manner in order to minimize the number of activations cycles of the tank pressure controller.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
• H01M 8/0438 - Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a LiDAR sensor system (10) comprising a transmitter unit (26), a receiver unit (28), and at least one mirror (30), said method having the following method steps: a) emitting transmitted radiation (20) by means of the transmitter unit (26); b) in a first operating mode (measuring mode 50), aligning the at least one mirror (30) such that the direction of the reflected radiation (22) is influenced such that it is reflected in the direction of the receiver unit (28); and c) in a second operating mode (self-test mode 52), aligning the at least one mirror (30) in such a way that the transmitted radiation (20) of the transmitter unit (26) is directed along a direct radiation path (44) of the receiver unit (28).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
• G01S 7/497 - Means for monitoring or calibrating
• G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
• G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to a discharge device (14) for a 3D printer (2), for receiving a printable material (38) for producing a three-dimensional object (1) to be printed from the printable material (38). The invention is characterized in that the discharge device (14) has a system (5) for identifying the printable material (38) and/or the three-dimensional object (1), the system comprising a first marking device (52), and in that the marking device (52) is arranged on the discharge device (14).

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/209 - Heads; Nozzles
• B22F 12/00 - Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
• B29C 64/259 - Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers interchangeable
• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B29C 64/386 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 50/00 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing

Abstract

A steering column assembly (1) for a vehicle comprising a steering wheel, which steering column assembly comprises: - a frame (2) intended to be fixedly mounted on a vehicle structure; - a telescopic arm (3) extending in a longitudinal direction (AX) carried by the frame, the longitudinal extent of which determines the position of a steering wheel, this arm (3) comprising at least two translatably movable sections (14, 16); and - an electromechanical actuator (25) for longitudinally translating the sections (14, 16) between a deployed position and a retracted position of the arm (3), which electromechanical actuator comprises: - an electric motor (26); - a motion converter (31) which converts a rotation provided by the electric motor (26) into a translation of the first section (14); and - a transmission system (32) which translatably drives the second section (16) in response to a translation of the first section.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/181 - Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable with power actuated adjustment, e.g. with position memory

Abstract

The invention relates to a printing device (10) for a 3D printer (2) for printing a material (38) to be printed in order to produce a three-dimensional object (1) to be printed from the printable material (38), comprising a discharge device (14) with the material (38) and comprising a receiving device (11) for receiving the discharge device (14). The invention is characterized in that the printing device (10) has a system (5) for identifying the printable material (38) and/or the three-dimensional object (1), wherein a first marking device (52) is arranged on the discharge device (14), and a second marking device (53) is arranged on the printing device (10). The invention additionally relates to a method for printing a material (38) to be printed in order to produce a three-dimensional object (1) to be printed from the printable material (38) for a 3D printer using a device (10) according to the invention.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/259 - Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers interchangeable
• B29C 64/307 - Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
• B29C 64/386 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 40/00 - Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
• B33Y 50/00 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B22F 12/00 - Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
• B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (40) for printing a three-dimensional object (1) from a printable material (38). The system comprises a printing device (10) for a 3D printer (2), a dosing device (18) for filling the material (38) to be printed and a discharge device (14) for printing the material (38) made available by the dosing device (18), and is characterized in that the discharge device (14) has a first marking device (52) for identifying the printable material (38) and/or the three-dimensional object (1). The invention also relates to a method for printing a three-dimensional object (1) from a printable material (38) by means of a system (40) according to the invention.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/259 - Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers interchangeable
• B29C 64/307 - Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
• B29C 64/386 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 40/00 - Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
• B33Y 50/00 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• B22F 12/00 - Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
• B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and to a method for welding together a first component (6) and a second component (5) by means of laser-beam welding, in which a first laser-beam device (1a) directs a welding laser beam (2) onto the outer surface (4) of the first component (5) in order to weld the first component (5) and the second component (6), which has been brought into abutment against the first component, together along a weld seam (8) to be formed, by forming a component-spanning weld pool (7), wherein at least one second laser-beam device (1b) for generating a secondary laser beam (3) is associated with the first laser-beam device (1a) for generating the welding laser beam (2), the secondary laser beam (3), which extends at an acute angle (α) relative to the welding laser beam (2), being directed at an edge region (9) of the weld pool (7) generated in the first component (5) by the welding laser beam (2), so that a weld-pool expansion (10) forms along the edge.

IPC Classes  ?

• B23K 26/06 - Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
• B23K 26/067 - Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multi-focusing
• B23K 26/08 - Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
• B23K 26/26 - Seam welding of rectilinear seams
• B29C 65/16 - Laser beam
• B23K 101/18 - Sheet panels

Abstract

A method (100) for training a machine learning model (1) that is configured to process measurement data (2) with respect to a given task, wherein said model (1) comprises a slot building part (11) that is configured to assign features (3) of an inputted record of measurement data (2) to a plurality of slots (4a-4d) and a task part (12) that is configured to process the features (3) of the record of measurement data (2) that are assigned to each slot (4a-4d) separately, the method (100) comprising the steps of: providing (110) training samples (2a) for records of measurement data (2); producing (120), from each training sample (2a), by at least one feature extraction layer (11a) in the slot building part (11), at least one feature map (3#); decomposing (130) each feature map (3#) into N components (3a-3f) according to a predetermined decomposing criterion and/or method; initializing (140) a predetermined number K of slots (4a-4d) by assigning, to these slots (4a-4d), features (3) from the feature map (3#), based at least in parts on the N components (3a-3f); and training (150) the slot building part (11) and the task part (12) towards at least one given objective.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/0464 - Convolutional networks [CNN, ConvNet]
• G06N 3/088 - Non-supervised learning, e.g. competitive learning
• G06N 3/0895 - Weakly supervised learning, e.g. semi-supervised or self-supervised learning

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a malfunction of a fuel outlet assembly (16) in a tank system (11), in particular for a fuel cell system (10) or an alternative gas system, said method comprising the steps: electrically actuating outlet means (17, 18, 19) in order to conduct fuel from fuel tanks (12, 13, 14) of the tank system (11); determining at least one temperature reduction in the fuel tank (12, 13, 14) while conducting the fuel from the fuel tanks (12, 13, 14) into a fuel line assembly (15) of the tank system (11); and detecting a malfunction of the fuel outlet assembly (16) on the basis of the at least one determined temperature reduction. The invention also relates to: a tank system (11); a computer programme product (23) for carrying out the method; and a computer-readable storage medium (24) on which such a computer programme product (23) is stored.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• H01M 8/0432 - Temperature; Ambient temperature
• H01M 8/0438 - Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/04664 - Failure or abnormal function
• B60K 15/03 - Fuel tanks
• H01M 8/04701 - Temperature

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel, comprising: a magnetic actuator (2) with an armature (20), a closing element (3) which has a valve needle (30) and is connected to the armature (20), wherein the closing element (3) releases and closes a gas path (11) at a sealing seat (8), a closed lubricant chamber (4), in which the armature (20) is arranged, and a flexible sealing element (40) which seals the lubricant chamber (4) and makes an axial movability of the valve needle (30) possible, wherein the lubricant chamber (4) is filled with a liquid lubricant (5) and a gas (6).

IPC Classes  ?

• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
• F02M 63/00 - SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF - Details, component parts or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups  or     
• F02M 51/06 - Injectors peculiar thereto
• F02M 61/08 - Fuel injectors not provided for in groups  or having valves the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
• F02M 61/12 - Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas injector for injecting a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, comprising a closure element (2) which opens and closes a through-opening (3) in a sealing seat (4) of a valve body (6), wherein the closure element (2) comprises a valve needle (20) and a valve disc (21), an actuator (5) for actuating the closure element (2), and a plurality of cooling ribs (7; 71; 72) which are arranged after the sealing seat (4) in the through-flow direction of the gas injector.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
• F02M 53/04 - Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
• F02M 53/08 - Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with air cooling
• F02M 61/08 - Fuel injectors not provided for in groups  or having valves the valves opening in direction of fuel flow

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermally activatable valve (10) for a compressed-gas container device (1) having a tensioning device (500) under tension comprising tension elements (37), at least two counter-bearing elements (35, 36), at least one spring (40) and a main activation element (38). Furthermore, a triggering element (41) of the thermally activatable valve (10) can be triggered by the main activation element (38) via the spring (40).

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves
• F17C 13/12 - Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a control unit (10) for a parking brake system which has a parking brake and a first and a second microcontroller (1a) for controlling the parking brake. According to the method, the first and the second microcontroller (1a, 1b) are tested one after another when the system is switched on. Nominal operation of the system is started after the end of this test. For this purpose, the second microcontroller (1b) is activated in order to control the parking brake, and the first microcontroller (1a) is deactivated as a redundancy. If a fault occurs in the second microcontroller (1b), a changeover is carried out from nominal operation into non-nominal operation, in which the first microcontroller (1a) assumes the control function of the second microcontroller (1b). During nominal operation, operation-relevant data are transmitted from the second microcontroller (1b) to the first microcontroller (1a), with the result that they are available to the first microcontroller (1a) in the case of a fault.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60T 7/10 - Disposition of hand control
• B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
• B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a malfunction of a valve assembly (16) in a tank system (11) for a fuel cell system (10), the tank system (11) comprising a plurality of fuel tanks (12, 13, 14), a fuel line assembly (15) for conducting fuel from the fuel tanks (12, 13, 14), and a valve assembly (16), there being an outlet valve (17, 18, 19) for each fuel tank (12, 13, 14) for conducting fuel in a controlled manner from the fuel tanks (12, 13, 14) through the fuel line assembly (15), said method comprising the steps: determining a temperature gradient with respect to a temperature in each fuel tank (12, 13, 14) during operation of the fuel cell system (10); carrying out comparisons between each of the determined temperature gradients with respect to one another and/or between each of the determined temperature gradients and at least one provided target temperature gradient; and detecting a malfunction of the valve assembly (16) on the basis of said comparisons. The invention also relates to: a tank system (11); and a computer programme product (23) for carrying out the method according to the invention. The invention also relates to a computer-readable storage means (24) on which a computer programme product (23) according to the invention is stored.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0432 - Temperature; Ambient temperature
• F17C 7/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• H01M 8/0438 - Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/04664 - Failure or abnormal function
• B60K 15/03 - Fuel tanks
• H01M 8/04701 - Temperature

Abstract

ppp+lpp+lp+lp+l) with an adapted second parameter, resulting from the adaptation (300), satisfies a stored convergence criterion.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 10/60 - Quantum algorithms, e.g. based on quantum optimisation, or quantum Fourier or Hadamard transforms
• G06N 10/20 - Models of quantum computing, e.g. quantum circuits or universal quantum computers

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for checking data in a computer unit (100), wherein the computer unit (100) has a memory unit (140, 150), a security unit (120) and a memory protection unit (130), comprising the following steps: storing data to be checked in a predefined memory region in the memory unit (140, 150); configuring the memory protection unit (130) using the security unit (120) in order to protect the predefined memory region according to a predefined access restriction; executing a memory protection process of the predefined memory region using the memory protection unit (130) according to the predefined access restriction; checking the data stored in the predefined memory region using the security unit (120).

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/62 - Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
• G06F 12/14 - Protection against unauthorised use of memory
• G06F 21/72 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information in cryptographic circuits
• G06F 21/74 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode

Abstract

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a computer system for providing a plurality of functions for a device, in particular for a vehicle. The computer system of the first aspect has a plurality of system modules, a plurality of system resources and a security module, wherein the plurality of system modules are configured to provide functions for the device. In addition, a first zone from a plurality of zones is assigned a first number of system modules and/or parts of system modules of the plurality of system modules. In addition, a second zone from the plurality of zones is assigned a second number of system modules and/or parts of system modules of the plurality of system modules. A zone of the first aspect is a logically and/or physically delimitable unit in the computer system, wherein the first zone is assigned a first number of system resources from the plurality of system resources. In addition, the second zone is assigned a second number of system resources from the plurality of system resources. The security module of the first aspect is designed to detect violations of rules relating to the assignment of the first number of system resources of the plurality of system resources for the first zone and violations of rules relating to the assignment of the second number of system resources of the plurality of system resources for the second zone.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/55 - Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
• G06F 21/62 - Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
• H04L 9/40 - Network security protocols

Abstract

xfii )B123123123fMCC MPP MSS HC1C1 , HC2C2 , HC3C3 , HP1P1 , HP2P2 , HP3P3 , HS1S1 , HS2S2 , HS3S3 123123123xii C11 , C22 , C33 , P11 , P22 , P33 , S11 , S22 , S33 C11 , C22 , C33 , P11 , P22 , P33 , S11 , S22 , S33 θBHC1C1 , HC2C2 , HC3C3 , HP1P1 , HP2P2 , HP3P3 , HS1S1 , HS2S2 , HS3S3 S3 ) based on a second loss value, wherein the second loss value characterises a sum of the first loss values.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/045 - Combinations of networks

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system, in which at least one fuel cell (101) is supplied with hydrogen from a tank (21) and recirculated hydrogen from a recirculation circuit (50) via a fuel line (20) as an anode gas, and in which anode gas is removed from the recirculation circuit (50) by periodically opening a purge valve (41), characterised in that the following steps are carried out: opening or closing the purge valve (41); detecting the pressure in the fuel line (20) upstream of a hydrogen metering valve (51); checking whether a detected pressure curve corresponds with the opening and/or closing of the purge valve (41). The invention also relates to a control device (27) for carrying out the method or individual method steps.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
• H01M 8/04119 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
• H01M 8/0438 - Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/04537 - Electric variables
• H01M 8/04664 - Failure or abnormal function

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell system (1) comprising a first fuel cell stack (100) and at least one second fuel cell stack (200), wherein the first and the at least one second fuel cell stacks (100, 200) each have a cathode (110, 210) and an anode (120, 220), wherein the cathodes (110, 210) are connected to an air supply path (111, 211) on the inlet side and connected to an exhaust air path (112, 212) on the outlet side, and wherein the anodes (120, 220) are each connected to an anode circuit (121, 221). The exhaust air path (112) of the first fuel cell stack (100) and the exhaust air path (212) of the at least one second fuel cell stack (200) are connected to a common exhaust air line (301), which has an outlet into the environment (303). The invention also relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system (1) of this type.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
• H01M 8/04746 - Pressure; Flow
• H01M 8/249 - Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating confidence when estimating a lane, comprising the following steps: detecting, in successive cycles, data for at least one corresponding segment, wherein each segment represents a predefined region of a lane to be estimated, converting each segment into a polynomial, comparing polynomials from a current cycle with corresponding polynomials from a previous cycle in order to calculate a distance for each segment, converting each calculated distance into a confidence value for each segment in order to evaluate confidence when estimating a lane.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
• B60W 30/12 - Lane keeping
• G08G 1/16 - Anti-collision systems

Abstract

The invention relates to a detection method (100) for detecting a state of a fuel cell system (200) comprising a first water separator (201) and a second water separator (203), wherein the first water separator (201) is a main water separator of the fuel cell system (200) and has a main outlet valve (207) for discharging water out of the first water separator (201), wherein the second water separator (205) is integrated into a gas conveyor unit (209) of the fuel cell system (200) and has a flushing valve (211) for flushing the fuel cell system (200), and wherein the first water separator (201) has a greater storage volume than the second water separator (203), wherein the detection method (100) comprises the following steps: opening (101) the main outlet valve (207); operating (103) the flushing valve (211) at regular intervals, while the main outlet valve (207) is open; carrying out (105) a empty state detection; outputting (107) a notification, according to which a water store of the second water separator (203) is empty, if an empty state is repeatedly detected by the empty state detection during the regular interval operation.