An isolation joint is provided with a downhole tubular that has an expandable section which, in axial direction, is sandwiched between a first separator section and a second separator section of the downhole tubular. The expandable section has a circumferential band of increased wall thickness compared to the wall thicknesses of the first and second separator sections. Furthermore, the downhole tubular is provided with a mating support at a predetermined axial location relative to said at least expandable section, adapted for mating with the local expander device within said downhole tubular. This mating support ensures transversal alignment with of a local expander device with the downhole tubular such that the local expansion exclusively is activated within the expandable section.
E21B 43/10 - Setting of casings, screens or liners in wells
E21B 23/04 - Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
E21B 23/03 - Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for setting the tools into, or removing the tools from, laterally offset landing nipples or pockets
2.
COMPACT SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS
A facility for the production of liquefied natural gas comprising a liquefaction train. The train comprises a plurality of modules to perform the process steps associated with liquefied natural gas production. The train further comprises a primary cooling loop to cool at least a process stream from each module and a first and a second mixed refrigerants against a first coolant comprising clean water. The primary cooling loop is a closed clean water loop, and the cooling is against an ambient temperature. The train further comprises a first plurality of heat exchangers through which the primary cooling loop extends. The cooling is via heat exchange in at least the first plurality of heat exchangers with respect to the first coolant. More than 50% of the first plurality of heat exchangers are printed circuit heat exchangers, which are adapted to provide at least 80% of the cooling against the ambient temperature.
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene in an integrated configuration comprising (i) a steam cracker configuration which comprises a steam cracker unit, a water condensation unit and a carbon dioxide removal unit and (ii) an oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) configuration which comprises an ODH unit and a water condensation unit, wherein an effluent coming from the ODH configuration, which effluent comprises unconverted ethane and ethylene, is fed to the steam cracker configuration at a position which is downstream of the steam cracker unit, and wherein unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and acetylene are removed from at least a portion of the stream coming from the ODH unit by oxidation of carbon monoxide and acetylene into carbon dioxide in an oxidation unit which is located at a position (a) which is downstream of the ODH unit, and (b) which is downstream of the steam cracker unit and upstream of the carbon dioxide removal unit of the steam cracker configuration.
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
A process for hydroprocessing a renewable feedstock involves introducing the renewable feedstock and hydrogen in a downward flow into a top portion of a fixed-bed reactor and distributing the downward flow to a top surface of a first catalyst bed in a manner such that the top surface is uniformly wetted across the reactor cross section. The feedstock then flows downwardly through the first catalyst bed, where it is reacted under hydroprocessing conditions sufficient to cause a reaction selected from the group consisting of hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodesulphurization, hydrodemetallization, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization, and combinations thereof. A hydrocarbon liquid separated from the reaction effluent is recycled to the renewable feedstock in a ratio of 0.4:1 to 1.8:1, based on the volume of the renewable feedstock.
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
A process for reducing injector deposits in an internal combustion engine fuelled with a fuel composition, the process comprising contacting a fuel composition with a metal-selective membrane situated in the fuel delivery system. The reduction of such deposits provides an increase in fuel efficiency, fuel thermal stability, boost in engine cleanliness, improves fuel economy and enables the possibility of using a reduced amount of expensive detergent in the fuel composition.
B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
F02M 37/00 - Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
F02M 37/32 - Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
The present invention provides a process for the removal of contaminants from contaminated crude oil in a vessel. An organic solvent stream is provided to the vessel containing crude oil. After mixing, an organic solvent bottom phase is allowed to form. The bottom phase comprises at least a portion of the organic solvent stream and at least a portion of the contaminants. The bottom phase is removed from the vessel, while the remaining crude oil is retained in the vessel. An aqueous stream is provided to the vessel and mixed with the remaining crude oil, allowing an aqueous bottom phase to form. The aqueous bottom phase is removed from the vessel, while the remaining crude oil is retained in the vessel.
C10G 53/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step including only extraction steps, e.g. deasphalting by solvent treatment followed by extraction of aromatics
Use of a gasoline fuel composition for reducing the occurrence of Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, wherein the gasoline fuel composition comprises a gasoline base fuel and has a PM Index of 1.4 or less.
A lithium-ion battery to be tested is put into a temperature chamber at a first temperature value and subjected to pulsed heating until the pulsed heating time reaches the preset pulse duration. The chamber temperature is adjusted to a second value and a capacity degradation value of the battery is obtained, so as to obtain durability of the battery. Before testing of the capacity degradation value of the battery, continuous pulsed heating is conducted. After the battery is heated for a period of time, the temperature elevation and heat dissipation of the battery will reach stable values and the temperature will no longer rise. Such pulsed heating does not require a long period of standing at low temperature. Therefore, a large amount of test time can be saved, the test period shortened, and the influence of battery temperature on battery durability can be verified through a large number of experiments.
A reactor and a process for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) a hydrocarbon feed in the riser-reactor, the process including injecting the hydrocarbon feed into an evaporation zone of the riser-reactor, injecting a first catalyst into the evaporation zone, wherein the first catalyst mixes with the hydrocarbon feed to generate a hydrocarbons stream in the evaporation zone, and wherein the temperature in the evaporation zone is less than 625° C., and passing the hydrocarbons stream from the evaporation zone into a cracking zone of the riser-reactor to generate a cracked product in the cracking zone.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
B01J 8/32 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with introduction into the fluidised bed of more than one kind of moving particles
B01J 8/38 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation
A fuel composition wherein the fuel composition comprises (a) a major amount of liquefied methane based gas in cryogenic state having a temperature in the range from −182° C. to −100° C. and, preferably, a pressure in the range of 1 bar to 15 bar, and (b) a minor amount of an 5 ignition improving additive, wherein the ignition improving additive has a melting point of less than −105° C., a boiling point of less than 60° C. and an autoignition temperature of lower than 480° C. and wherein the ignition improving additive is selected from alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, ethers, alkynes, aldehydes, ketones, amides, nitroalkanes, nitrosoalkanes, nitrates, nitrites, cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes, dienes, peroxides, triatomic oxygen, trimethylamine, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and mixtures thereof.
Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a process for upgrading refinery residue feedstock. Step a) may include introducing the refinery residue feedstock into a fluidized bed reactor as a solid. In step b), the refinery residue feedstock may be heated to a devolatilizing and thermal cracking temperature in the fluidized bed reactor to produce a product stream comprising gaseous hydrocarbons and solid coke. The gaseous hydrocarbons may be subjected to catalytic hydroprocessing, in step c), in the presence of molecular hydrogen to increase the hydrogen to carbon ratio and lower the average molecular weight of the gaseous hydrocarbons. In step d), the gaseous hydrocarbons may be separated from the solid coke. In step e), the gaseous hydrocarbons from step d) may be subjected to further processing to produce at least one of: C1-C3 hydrocarbons, liquefied petroleum gas, naphtha range hydrocarbons, and middle distillate range hydrocarbons.
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10B 57/04 - Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
C10B 55/00 - Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar or the like, or mixtures thereof, with solid carbonaceous materials
C10B 57/18 - Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven
C10B 49/10 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10B 49/22 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
12.
PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE CARBONATE AND/OR ETHYLENE GLYCOL
The invention relates to a process for producing ethylene carbonate and/or ethylene glycol, which comprises the following steps: a) supplying an overhead absorber stream withdrawn from an absorber to a vapor-liquid separator to yield an aqueous bottoms stream and a recycle gas stream; b) supplying an aqueous process stream comprising one or more impurities to a distillation apparatus to yield an overhead impurities stream and a purified aqueous process stream, wherein the aqueous process stream supplied to the distillation apparatus comprises at least a portion of the aqueous bottoms stream withdrawn from the vapor-liquid separator, wherein the overhead impurities stream is supplied to a condenser and is cooled to a temperature in the range of from 5 to 95° C., wherein the cooled overhead impurities stream is split into a reflux stream which is recycled to the distillation apparatus and an overhead impurities stream; and further steps c) and d).
C07C 29/10 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes
C07C 29/80 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by physical treatment by distillation
C07C 29/76 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by physical treatment
A process for preparing glycols from a lignocellulosic solid biomass involves contacting the biomass with an organic solvent comprising a low boiling point alcohol and a pre-treatment acid at a temperature in a range from 80 to 220° C. and a pressure in a range from 1 to 50 bara. The resulting mixture, having less than wt. % water, is separated into a pre-treated solid residue comprising cellulose and a liquid stream comprising dissolved lignin. The pre-treated solid residue is subjected to a hydrogenolysis reaction. generating a glycols stream, a lights stream, comprising a first portion of organic solvent, and a heavies stream. At least part of the liquid stream is separated to produce a second portion of organic solvent and a lignin stream. At least part of the first and second portions of organic solvent is recycled to the contacting step.
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
The present disclosure provides a heat exchanger system and a method of using the heat exchanger system for heating, cooling or condensing a gaseous multiple component process stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon. The heat exchanger system comprises: —a shell having at least one first inlet and at least one first outlet defining a flow path for a first process fluid, and at least one second inlet and at least one second outlet defining a flow path for a second process fluid; —a number of parallel tubes arranged in the shell between the first inlet and the first outlet, each tube having an outer surface being provided with a multitude of plate fins extending radially outward from the outer surface; the first flow path extending along the outer surface of the tubes, and the second flow path extending through the tubes. The multiple component process stream may comprise two or more components selected from the group of methane, ethane, propane, and nitrogen. The heat exchanger may be used to cool or condense a mixed refrigerant, comprising one or more hydrocarbons, in a process for the liquefaction of natural gas.
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
F28F 1/24 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
15.
METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE TEMPERATURE RISE RATE OF A BATTERY UNDER PULSED HEATING
The present application relates to a method for estimating the temperature rise rate of a battery under pulsed heating. An equivalent circuit model of the battery is established to obtain the effective entropy potential of the battery and the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the pulsed heating current of the battery. A heat generation model is established according to the effective entropy potential and the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the pulsed heating current. Using the heat generation model and the heat transfer power, an energy formulation in the process of pulsed heating is obtained, to obtain the temperature rise rate of the battery under pulsed heating. The models are used to obtain the relationship between the temperature rise rate under pulsed heating and the pulsed heating current, providing a convenient and comprehensive estimation method for determining the heating effect of pulsed heating in practical applications.
G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
The present invention provides a packaged binder unit comprising a binder core retained within a sealable laminated bilayer, wherein the sealable laminated bilayer comprises a bi-axially oriented polymer layer and a non-bi-axially oriented polymer layer, and wherein the binder core comprises a bituminous binder or a synthetic binder.
The present invention provides a packaged binder unit comprising a binder core retained within a sealable laminated bilayer, wherein the sealable laminated bilayer comprises a bi-axially oriented polymer layer and a non-bi-axially oriented polymer layer, and wherein the binder core comprises a bituminous binder or a synthetic binder.
The present invention further provides a process for manufacturing an asphalt composition comprising the step of mixing the binder unit according to the present invention in a mixing unit with aggregates heated to a temperature in the range of from 140° C. to 220° C.
The present invention provides a packaged binder unit comprising a binder core retained within a sealable laminated bilayer, wherein the sealable laminated bilayer comprises a bi-axially oriented polymer layer and a non-bi-axially oriented polymer layer, and wherein the binder core comprises a bituminous binder or a synthetic binder.
The present invention further provides a process for manufacturing an asphalt composition comprising the step of mixing the binder unit according to the present invention in a mixing unit with aggregates heated to a temperature in the range of from 140° C. to 220° C.
Additionally, the present invention also provides for a process for manufacturing an asphalt pavement, further comprising spreading the asphalt composition into a layer and compacting the layer, wherein the compaction in step suitably takes place at a temperature of from 120° C. to 180° C.
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B32B 1/00 - Layered products essentially having a general shape other than plane
A process for the preparing glycols from a lignocellulosic solid biomass involves contacting the biomass with an organic solvent comprising a low boiling point alcohol and a pre-treatment acid at a temperature in a range from 80 to 220° C. and a pressure in a range from 1 to 50 bara. The resulting mixture, having >20 wt. % water, is separated into a pre-treated solid residue comprising cellulose and a liquid stream comprising dissolved lignin and hemicellulose. The pre-treated solid residue is subjected to a hydrogenolysis reaction, generating a glycols stream, a lights stream, comprising a first portion of organic solvent, and a heavies stream. At least of part of the liquid stream is separated to produce a second portion of organic solvent and a solid residue of lignin and hemicellulose. At least part of the first and second portion of organic solvent is recycled to the contacting step.
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
18.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING PARAMETERS OF BATTERY PULSED HEATING
The present application relates to a method and system for determining parameters of battery pulsed heating. The reference potential of the anode of the lithium-ion battery is obtained in real time in the positive and negative pulsed heating process under various heating parameters. The relationship between reference potential and threshold potential indicates whether Li plating has occurred to the lithium-ion battery. When the reference potential is smaller than the threshold potential, the first heating parameters are adjusted to avoid Li plating and improve battery life. By recording the heating parameters when the reference potential is greater than the threshold potential, it can be ensured that the pulsed heating parameters have no significant impact on the life of the battery.
A sulfur-resistant, high activity methane oxidation catalyst for use in removing methane from gas streams having a concentration of methane by oxidizing the methane. The methane oxidation catalyst is especially useful in processing gas streams that also have a concentration of a sulfur compound. The sulfur-resistant methane oxidation catalyst includes a unique multi-crystalline zirconia as a support for a platinum component and a ruthenium component. The multi-crystalline zirconia contributes to the excellent properties of the catalyst. The platinum and ruthenium components can be included in the methane oxidation catalyst in a specific weight ratio that also contributes to the enhanced properties of the catalyst. The sulfur-resistant methane oxidation catalyst may also include a chloride component that contributes to enhanced properties of the catalyst.
F01N 3/10 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
Method to improve or maintain stability and/or compatibility of a residual hydrocarbon fuel comprising: (a) blending at least 5-95% m/m of a residual hydrocarbon component with at least 5-80% m/m of a fatty acids alkyl esters component or (b) blending at least 5-80% m/m of a fatty acids alkyl esters component with a stable residual fuel composition comprising (i) at least 5-95% m/m of a residual hydrocarbon component and (ii) up to 90% m/m of a non-hydroprocessed hydrocarbon, a hydroprocessed hydrocarbon or any combination thereof; wherein the fatty acids alkyl esters component is blended with the stable residual fuel composition before at least one other fuel composition that decreases the asphaltenes solvency power of the residual fuel composition is added thereto.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10L 10/00 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
C10G 75/04 - Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general by addition of antifouling agents
Use of a gasoline fuel composition comprising (a) a major portion of gasoline blending components (b) from 0 vol % to 25 vol % of oxygenated hydrocarbon and (c) from 0.01 vol % to 5 vol % of a diene compound for the purpose of increasing the injection duration at the end of a 48 hour deposit formation phase in a direct injection spark ignition engine by at least 10%.
The present disclosure provides a heat axchanger and heat exchange method for cooling a gaseous process stream. The heat exchanger unit (100, 200, 300) comprises: a heat exchanger vessel (2), the heat exchanger vessel (2) comprising a plurality of process stream conduits (12, 14) arranged to receive the gaseous process stream (10) and discharge a cooled process stream (18), and a plurality of refrigerant conduits (46, 48, 49) to receive at least part of a pre-cooled mixed refrigerant stream (58) and to discharge at least one cooled mixed refrigerant stream (72, 82); at least one expansion device (74, 84) arranged to receive at least part of the cooled mixed refrigerant stream (72, 82) and discharge a further cooled mixed refrigerant stream (76, 86), the further cooled mixed refrigerant stream (76, 86) being connected to at least one of a third refrigerant inlet (77) and a fourth refrigerant inlet (87) of the heat exchanger vessel (2) to provide cooling to the process stream conduits (12, 14) and the refrigerant conduits (46, 48, 49); a refrigerant bleed vessel (110) arranged to receive a first refrigerant split-off stream (112) from the cooled mixed refrigerant stream (72, 82) and to receive a second refrigerant split-off stream (114) from the pre-cooled mixed refrigerant stream; the refrigerant bleed vessel (110) comprising a bleed outlet (116) to discharge a bleed stream (118) and a recycle outlet (120) to discharge a recycle stream (122), the recycle outlet being fluidly connected to at least one of the third refrigerant inlet (77) and the fourth refrigerant inlet (87) of the heat exchanger vessel (2).
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
23.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING SUBSURFACE HYDROCARBON FLUID PROPERTIES OF RESERVOIRED HYDROCARBONS
A method for determining subsurface hydrocarbon fluid properties of reservoired hydrocarbons having a hydrocarbon seep involves locating a hydrocarbon seep at a seabed location where hydrocarbon is actively flowing out of the seabed. A sample of hydrocarbons is collected from the hydrocarbon seep. Physical, transport and/or thermodynamic fluid properties of reservoired hydrocarbons are determined from the sample of hydrocarbons.
A method for determining a presence of reservoired hydrocarbons having a hydrocarbon seep involves locating a hydrocarbon seep at a seabed location where hydrocarbon is actively flowing out of the seabed. Temporally spaced isotopic compositions of the hydrocarbon seep are determined. When a temporal variance between the isotopic compositions falls within a predetermined temporal tolerance, the hydrocarbon seep is classified as being indicative of the presence of reservoired hydrocarbons. A unique identifier is assigned to the reservoired hydrocarbons.
A method for the reduction of ship fuel consumption through the optimisation of vessel draft, speed and trim using historical vessel data. Historical global, online data, is collected for multiple vessel operating parameters associated with its previous voyages. After initial filtering and cleaning of the gathered data, a process of analysing the data to determine the optimum draft, speed and trim for the vessels' given speed is described. The determined optimum draft, speed and trim values are then presented to the Captain or an automatic draft and trim optimisation system for the current draft and trim to be adjusted. This application therefore discloses a method for analysing historical vessel data to provide advice on optimum draft, trim and speed. A method for predicting the achievable fuel savings and recording the fuel savings achieved is also disclosed.
B63B 79/20 - Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using models or simulation, e.g. statistical models or stochastic models
B63B 79/40 - Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation for controlling the operation of vessels, e.g. monitoring their speed, routing or maintenance schedules
B63B 49/00 - Arrangements of nautical instruments or navigational aids
B63B 79/30 - Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation for diagnosing, testing or predicting the integrity or performance of vessels
Systems and method for production of furfural comprising combining a xylose-containing solution with an extraction solution comprising water-insoluble boronic acid to provide a first combined solution comprising an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase, said non-aqueous phase comprising xylose-diboronate ester (BA2X); combining at least a portion of the non-aqueous phase with an ionic conversion solution having a pH of less than or equal to 4 and comprising one or more salts to form a second combined solution, wherein the ionic conversion solution has a calculated molar ionic strength of at least 1, heating the second combined solution to convert at least a portion of the xylose-diboronate ester into furfural; separating the second combined solution into a second aqueous phase comprising from a second non-aqueous phase and recovering furfural from the second non-aqueous phase.
Disclosed is a spectroscopic device, system, and method for measuring the concentration of one or more molecular species of interest in a gas, liquid or solid sample, where the device may be portable, may be commercially manufactured, and/or may be adapted to existing systems and/or integrated with new systems to provide optical gas sensing for such systems. The disclosed devices, systems, and methods can be particularly useful in monitoring the purity of, e.g., a certain gas species, including determining whether a gas mixture contains certain gas species above a set concentration limit.
G01N 21/39 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
G01N 21/27 - Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
A corrosion inhibitor has a film-forming portion. In one embodiment, the corrosion inhibitor further includes a surfactant, a coupling solvent and a carrier solvent. In another embodiment, the corrosion inhibitor has a film-forming portion that includes at least two multi-dentate compounds and a compound having a single active group. Each of the multi-dentate compounds and the compound having a single active group are selected from the group consisting of compounds having nitrogen-containing polar groups, compounds having acid groups and combinations thereof.
C08G 69/34 - Polyamides derived from amino carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids using polymerised unsaturated fatty acids
29.
METHOD OF TIME-LAPSE MONITORING USING SEISMIC WAVES
Receiver-consistent scalars of seismic receiver channels are used for time-lapse monitoring of a sub-surface earth formation. Signals are induced by seismic waves propagating through the earth formation adjacent to each respective seismic receiver channel. Each seismic receiver channel is acoustically coupled to the earth formation as present directly adjacent to the location of the seismic receiver channel in question. The base receiver-consistent scalars and the monitor receiver-consistent scalars of seismic receiver channels can be outputted to reveal changes in these receiver-consistent scalars. These changes can be used to delineate information about physical changes in the subsurface earth formation. The changes in the based receiver-consistent scalars and the monitor receiver-consistent scalars may be displayed visually.
The present invention relates to metal-organic framework characterized in that it comprises a polymer coating; further the invention relates to a process for the preparation of said polymer-coated metal-organic framework and a process for recycling after degradation. The polymer coated MOFs of this invention find application in a broad range of technologies and therapeutic areas.
The invention provides a process for separating saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids is described. The process includes providing a stream comprising same carbon number saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids; contacting said stream with an extractive solvent in an extractive distillation unit, to produce a first stream comprising extractive solvent and unsaturated carboxylic acids and a second stream comprising saturated carboxylic acids, and feeding said first stream to a solvent recovery unit, to produce a third stream comprising unsaturated carboxylic acids and a fourth stream comprising extractive solvent. In some embodiments, the extractive solvent has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure that is at least 5° C. higher than the boiling point of the unsaturated carboxylic acid.
The present invention provides a process for preparing sulfur-containing branched organosilane polymers comprising: reacting sulfur with a vinyl silane compound in a solvent and in the presence of a catalytic amount of an accelerator at an elevated temperature of at least 40° C. The process, and the organosilane polymers obtained by using the process, are very suitable for application in battery technologies.
C08F 230/08 - Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal containing a metal containing silicon
The present invention relates to an electric energy storage device, in particular a battery, at least comprising: —an anode comprising a divalent metal selected from magnesium, calcium, beryllium and zinc or a combination thereof or an alloy comprising at least one of these metals; —a cathode comprising elemental sulphur, or a sulphur-containing organosilane compound, or a mixture of sulphur-containing organosilane compounds, or a mixture of sulphur and sulphur-containing organosilane compounds grafted on the surface of the cathode; and—an electrolyte placed between the anode and the cathode; wherein the cathode comprises a current collector surface that has been at least partly modified by grafting the sulphur-containing organosilane compound or a mixture of sulphur-containing organosilane compounds thereon.
The specification discloses a highly macroporous catalyst for hydroprocessing and hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks. The high macroporosity catalyst includes an inorganic oxide, molybdenum, and nickel components. It has a pore structure such that at least 18% of its total pore volume is in pores of a diameter greater than 5,000 angstroms and at least 25% of its total pore volume is in pores of a diameter greater than 1,000 angstroms. Preferably, the pore structure is bimodal. The catalyst is made by co-mulling the catalytic components with a high molecular weight polyacrylamide followed by forming the co-mulled mixture into a particle or an extrudate. The particle or extrudate is dried and calcined under controlled calcination temperature conditions to yield a calcined particle or extrudate of the high macroporosity catalyst composition.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/20 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing with moving solid particles according to the "fluidised bed" technique
35.
CATALYST FOR ALKANE OXIDATIVE UU DEHYDROGENATION AND/OR ALKENE OXIDATION
The invention relates to a process for preparing a shaped catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which comprises: a) preparing a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and optionally tellurium; b) mixing the catalyst obtained in step a), a binder and optionally water, wherein the binder has a surface area greater than 100 m2/g and a water loss upon heating at a temperature of 485° C. which is greater than 1 wt. %; c) shaping the mixture obtained in step b) to form a shaped catalyst by means of tableting; and d) subjecting the shaped catalyst obtained in step c) to an elevated temperature. Further, the invention relates to a catalyst obtainable by said process and to a process of alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation wherein said catalyst is used.
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
B01J 21/02 - Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
The invention provides a shut down method for a process for the preparation of glycols from a starting material comprising one or more saccharides in the presence 5 of hydrogen and a catalyst system comprising one or more retro-aldol catalysts comprising tungsten and one or more catalytic species suitable for hydrogenation in a reactor, said method comprising removing the one or more retro-aldol catalysts from the reactor whilst also in the presence of one or more agents suitable to suppress tungsten precipitation.
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
The invention relates to a process wherein a dialkyl carbonate stream containing an ether alkanol impurity is subjected to extractive distillation using an extraction solvent to obtain a top stream comprising dialkyl carbonate and a bottom stream comprising the extraction solvent and the ether alkanol impurity, wherein the extraction solvent is an organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups and one or more ester moieties and/or ether moieties. Further, the invention relates to a process for making a diaryl carbonate, comprising reacting an aryl alcohol with a stream containing a dialkyl carbonate from which stream an ether alkanol impurity has been removed in accordance with the above-described process.
A process for the preparation of an alkylene glycol from an alkene comprising steps of: a) supplying a gas composition to an alkylene oxide absorber through a gas inlet, the absorber comprising an absorption section and a sump, and allowing the gas composition to pass upwards; b) supplying a lean absorbent to the top of the absorption section and allowing the lean absorbent to pass downwards; c) intimately contacting the gas composition with lean absorbent in the absorption section in the presence of one or more catalysts that promote carboxylation and hydrolysis; and d) withdrawing fat absorbent from the absorption section and passing the fat absorbent and any liquid condensate through the sump, wherein the sump comprises one or more baffles that define a flow pathway from a sump inlet to a sump outlet between the one or more baffles.
C07C 29/10 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes
B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
B01D 3/32 - Other features of fractionating columns
B01D 3/20 - Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid
39.
PYROLYSIS OF METHANE WITH A MOLTEN SALT BASED CATALYST SYSTEM
A catalyst system, which is active in pyrolyzing methane at reaction temperatures above 700° C., comprising a molten salt selected from the group consisting of the halides of alkali metals; the halides of alkaline earth metals; the halides of zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, tin and iron; and mixtures thereof, the molten salt having dispersed therein one or more catalytically active forms of iron, molybdenum, manganese, nickel, cobalt, zinc, titanium, and copper in the form of finely divided elemental metals, metal oxides, metal carbides or mixtures thereof.
B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
C01B 3/26 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
The present invention provides a process for capturing CO2 from a gas stream, the process at least comprising the steps of: (a) providing a CO2-containing gas stream; (b) contacting the gas stream as provided in step (a) in an adsorption zone with solid adsorbent particles thereby obtaining CO2-enriched solid adsorbent particles (c) passing CO2-enriched solid adsorbent particles as obtained in step (b) from the bottom of the adsorption zone to the bottom of a first desorption zone; (d) removing a part of the CO2 from the CO2-enriched solid adsorbent particles in the first desorption zone, thereby obtaining partly CO2-depleted solid adsorbent particles and a first CO2-enriched gas stream; (e) passing the partly CO2-depleted solid adsorbent particles as obtained in step (d) via a riser to a second desorption zone; (f) removing a further part of the CO2 from the partly CO2-depleted solid adsorbent particles in the second desorption zone thereby obtaining regenerated solid adsorbent particles and a second CO2-enriched gas stream; and (g) recycling regenerated solid adsorbent particles as obtained in step (f) to the adsorption zone of step (b); wherein the second desorption zone is located above the adsorption zone.
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
A method for producing a simulation environment for training a function approximating agent uses an earth model that defines boundaries between formation layers and petrophysical properties of the formation layers in a subterranean formation. A toolface input corresponding to a set of model coefficients produced by the earth model is provided to a drilling attitude model, which produces a drill bit position. The drill bit position is fed to the earth model for determining an updated set of model coefficients for a predetermined interval and a set of signals representing physical properties of the subterranean formation. The signals are provided to a sensor model to produce at least one sensor output. A reward is determined from the sensor output. The simulation environment for training the function approximating agent can be used for automating a geosteering process.
A method of geosteering in a wellbore construction process uses an earth model that defines boundaries between formation layers and petrophysical properties of the formation layers in a subterranean formation. Sensor measurements related to the wellbore construction process are inputted to the earth model. An estimate is obtained for a relative geometrical and geological placement of the well path with respect to a geological objective using a trained reinforcement learning agent. An output action based on the sensor measurement for influencing a future profile of the well path with respect to the estimate.
G01V 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
G06N 7/00 - Computing arrangements based on specific mathematical models
A method for autonomous geosteering for a well-boring process uses a trained function approximating agent. A geological objective is determined. Then, using the trained function approximating agent, a sequence of control inputs is determined to steer a well-boring tool towards the geological objective. The trained function approximating agent is adapted to enact the sequence of control inputs upon receiving a signal from a measurement from the well-boring process.
E21B 44/00 - Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cooling down a cryogenic heat exchanger adapted to liquefy a hydrocarbon stream, such as a natural gas stream. The method comprises:
(i) receiving one or more refrigerant temperature indications, providing an indication of the temperature of the refrigerant,
(ii) comparing the one or more refrigerant temperature indications with one or more associated predetermined threshold values, and
(iii) based on the outcome of the comparison under (ii) selecting one of an automated warm cooling down procedure of the cryogenic heat exchanger and an automated cold cooling down procedure of the cryogenic heat exchanger.
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
The invention relates to a Process for the production of ethylene oxide, comprising the steps of: (a) producing ethylene by subjecting a stream comprising ethane to oxidative dehydrogenation conditions, resulting in a stream comprising ethylene, ethane, water and acetic acid; (b) separating at least part of the stream resulting from step (a) into a stream comprising ethylene and ethane and a stream comprising water and acetic acid; (c) producing ethylene oxide by subjecting ethylene and ethane from the stream comprising ethylene and ethane resulting from step (b) to oxidation conditions, resulting in a stream comprising ethylene oxide, ethylene, ethane and water; (d) separating at least part of the stream resulting from step (c) into a stream comprising ethylene and ethane and a stream comprising ethylene oxide and water; (e) recycling ethylene and ethane from the stream comprising ethylene and ethane resulting from step (d) to step (a), wherein carbon dioxide is produced in steps (a) and (c) and is removed in an additional step between steps (b) and (c) and/or between steps (d) and (e).
C07D 301/06 - Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the liquid phase
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 29/10 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes
The present invention relates to a direct-coupled water electrolysis system and a method of configuring a such system comprising at least four components, a PV-array which is directly connected to one or more electrolyzer stacks, an electrolyzer system balance-of-plant, and an auxiliary power supply, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a predetermined initial performance curve, providing an average degradation rate, and calculating an anticipated performance curve of the PV array;
b) providing a predetermined initial performance curve, providing an average degradation rate, and calculating an anticipated performance curve of the electrolyzer stack(s);
c) configuring the electrolyzer stack(s) by matching the anticipated electrolyzer stack(s) performance curve with the anticipated PV array performance curve.
The present invention relates to a direct-coupled water electrolysis system and a method of configuring a such system comprising at least four components, a PV-array which is directly connected to one or more electrolyzer stacks, an electrolyzer system balance-of-plant, and an auxiliary power supply, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a predetermined initial performance curve, providing an average degradation rate, and calculating an anticipated performance curve of the PV array;
b) providing a predetermined initial performance curve, providing an average degradation rate, and calculating an anticipated performance curve of the electrolyzer stack(s);
c) configuring the electrolyzer stack(s) by matching the anticipated electrolyzer stack(s) performance curve with the anticipated PV array performance curve.
The invention provides for operating a solar photovoltaic coupled electrolyser system at large scale up to multi-GW installed capacity, with few power electronics and conversions enabling low capital costs and optimised efficiency of the system.
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
H02S 10/10 - PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
47.
AIRCRAFT REFUELING SYSTEM WITH FLOW BOOSTER AND METHOD OF USING SAME
A flow booster for optimizing flow of fuel passing into an aircraft. The flow booster includes a fuel intake fluidly coupled to the fuel circuit, and includes a housing and a piston. The piston has a piston head slidably movable in the housing to define h a variable fuel inlet to receive the fuel. The fuel applies a fuel force to the piston. An intake tuner is operatively connected to the fuel M intake, and has a tuning force applied to the piston against the fuel force. A trigger is coupled to the intake tuner to vary the tuning force applied by the intake tuner. The flow regulator is coupled to sensors to receive fuel measurements. A flow regulator is operatively connected to the trigger to activate the trigger in response to the fuel measurements whereby the flow of the fuel into the aircraft is continuously adjustable during refueling.
The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyether polyol comprising: continuously feeding into a reactor which contains a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst and (i) a poly (oxyalkylene) polyol or (ii) a polyether polyol obtainable by the process according to the invention: (a) ethylene oxide, (b) a substituted alkylene oxide, (c) optionally a starter compound having a hydroxyl functionality of from 1 to 8, wherein the weight ratio of the total amount of ethylene oxide fed to the total amount of the substituted alkylene oxide fed is of from 50:50 to 95:5, and wherein the ethylene oxide concentration is below 13,000 parts per million by weight (ppmw) per minute during continuously feeding ethylene oxide, wherein the ethylene oxide concentration is defined as the weight of ethylene oxide in the reactor based on the total weight of the reactor contents.
C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
C08G 18/76 - Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
C08G 18/24 - Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyurethane foam comprising reacting a polyether polyol and a polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and an antioxidant, wherein: the antioxidant consists of one or two or more phenolic antioxidants, wherein the one or more phenolic antioxidants contain no atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and the amount of the one or more phenolic antioxidants is of from 2,300 to less than 10,000 parts per million by weight (ppmw) based on the polyether polyol; the isocyanate index is higher than 100; the maximum temperature during the preparation of the polyurethane foam is higher than 140° C.; and the density of the polyurethane foam is lower than 25 kg/m3.
Disclosed is a system and method for wirelessly monitoring 5 process conditions within a reactor vessel. A plurality of sensor-enabled radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are disposed at known locations throughout a catalyst bed of a vessel and are used to measure various conditions within the vessel. The sensor-enabled RFID tags are encoded with individual identification codes and are wirelessly linked to a transceiver. A transceiver 10 provides for the interrogation of each sensor-enabled RFID tag to receive responsive transponder signals that carry information representative of both the three-dimensional location of the sensor-enabled RFID tags and the sensed conditions within the reactor. This allows for three-dimensional profiling of the specifically measured condition within the reactor.
G06K 7/10 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by corpuscular radiation
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
G01D 21/00 - Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
G06K 7/00 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers
51.
Virtual sensing for adjoint based incorporation of supplementary data sources
A method, system and computer program product are disclosed for integrating plural modalities of information to obtain values for a specified attribute of a given system. In one embodiment, the method comprises acquiring data of a first modality, conveying a first source of data of a first type of the system; configuring simulator with settings of physical sensors; acquiring data of a second modality from the system, conveying a second source of data of a second type of the system. The method further comprises converting the data of the second modality to data of the first type, while configuring a virtual set of sensors to enable acquisition of the converted data of the second modality; and configuring adjoints equipped simulator with settings of the virtual sensors, to mimic collection of data of the first type, while configured to measure data of second type.
The invention relates to a process for removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from a feed gas stream. H2S in the feed gas stream is converted to elemental sulfur in a Claus unit. At least a part of the gas stream obtained is contacted with an aqueous lean absorbing medium in an absorption zone at a pressure between 0.9 and 2 bara. The aqueous lean absorbing medium used comprises one or more amines chosen from: —a polyamine in the absence of tertiary amine functionalities having a pKa sufficient to neutralize carbamic acid, the polyamine having at least one primary amine functionality having a pKa smaller than 10.0 at 25° C., —a polyamine in the absence of tertiary amine functionalities having a pKa sufficient to neutralize carbamic acid, the polyamine having at least one secondary amine functionality having a pKa for each sorbing nitrogen smaller than 10.0 at 25° C. The process is improved as compared to a process involving Claus off-gas treatment with (activated) MDEA. Effective CO2 removal is achieved while at the same time a simplified line-up with less equipment can be used.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
A method to provide fractures in a formation includes providing a wellbore in the formation and providing a casing in the wellbore. The method also includes providing communication between an inside of the casing and the formation and initiating a fracture from the communication between the inside of the casing and the subterranean formation. The method further includes propagating the fracture with a fluid comprising mortar slurry. Prior to propagating the fracture with a fluid comprising mortar slurry, a fluid comprising acid is injected into the formation through the communication between the inside of the casing and the formation.
E21B 43/26 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
E21B 33/13 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
C09K 8/66 - Compositions based on water or polar solvents
C04B 28/02 - Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
C09K 8/40 - Spacer compositions, e.g. compositions used to separate well-drilling from cementing masses
C09K 8/46 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
A process of preparing a catalyst composition which process comprises the steps of (a) treating ZSM-5 zeolite with an alkaline solution having a pH of at least (8) followed by ion exchange to obtain a treated zeolite, (b) extruding a mixture of the treated zeolite and binder and contacting the zeolite with a fluorocompound containing solution, (c) increasing the temperature of the extrudates obtained in step (b) to at least 200° C., and (d) combining the extrudates obtained in step (c) with one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Group (10) and (11) of the IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements and a process for the conversion of an aromatic hydrocarbons containing feedstock using a catalyst composition prepared by such process.
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
B01J 29/42 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
B01J 29/40 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
Fuel additive compositions that include synergistic mixtures of one or more neutral lubricity additives and one or more monoacidic lubricity additives to provide wear and/or friction reduction in fuels.
A process for producing polycarbonate comprising: a) contacting a dialkyl carbonate with a dihydroxy compound in an oligomerization zone in the presence of an oligomerization catalyst under oligomerization conditions to form a first intermediate; and b) contacting the first intermediate with a diaryl carbonate in a polymerization zone in the presence of a polymerization catalyst under polymerization conditions to produce the polycarbonate wherein the molar ratio of dihydroxy compound to dialkyl carbonate in the oligomerization zone is at least 2:1.
The invention relates to a method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst or catalyst precursor comprising a catalytically active material and a carrier material. The method involves the mixing of an acidic solution comprising metal ions of a metal selected from the IUPAC group 8, 9 or 10 metals, preferably cobalt, a suspension comprising the carrier material and an alkaline solution. The invention also relates to a precursor of a hydrogenation catalyst wherein the precursor comprises crystallites of metal oxides having an average size of max. 8 nm.
B01J 31/04 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
A process for producing polycarbonate comprising contacting a dihydroxy capped carbonate and a diaryl carbonate in a reaction zone in the presence of a polymerization catalyst under polymerization conditions to produce polycarbonate. The dihydroxy capped carbonate is a carbonate with a dihydroxy compound on each end, and it is formed by the reaction of a dihydroxy compound with a dialkyl carbonate. The dihydroxy compound is a dihydroxy aromatic compound.
The present invention relates to a method of cooling and separating a hydrocarbon stream: (a) passing an hydrocarbon feed stream (7) through a first cooling and separation stage to provide a methane enriched vapour overhead stream (110) and a methane depleted liquid stream (10); (b) passing the methane depleted liquid stream (10) to a fractionation column (200) to obtain a bottom condensate stream (210), a top stream enriched in C1-C2 (220) and a midstream enriched in C3-C4 (230), (c) cooling the upper part of the fractionation column (201) by a condenser (206), (d) obtaining a split stream (112) from the methane enriched vapour overhead stream (110) and obtaining a cooled split stream (112′) by expansion-cooling the split stream (112), (e) providing cooling duty to the top of the fractionation column (201) using the cooled split stream (112′).
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
69.
Apparatus and method for reactive distillation for waste water treatment
The present invention relates to a method for treating a waste water stream. Said waste water comprises hydrocarbons and oxygenates such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and has a COD of up to 5 wt %. The invention relates to a distillation column for treating a waste water stream and a system for treating a waste water stream.
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
70.
Method and system for sealing an annulur space around an expanded well tubular
An annular space surrounding an expandable well tubular (1) is sealed by: —a concave seal pusher assembly (5) with concave pusher elements comprising buckling joints (7) of which assembly (5) a first end is secured at a selected first location (2) of the outer surface of the unexpanded well tubular (1); —an annular elastomeric sealing ring (9) arranged with an inwardly tapered first end thereof against an outwardly tapered second end (8) of the concave seal pusher assembly (5); —a set of staggered and overlapping steel support strips (11) arranged around a second end of the sealing ring (9) and connected at one end thereof to a selected second location (3) of the outer surface of the unexpanded tubular (1); —expanding and thereby shortening the tubular (1) to push the inwardly tapered end of the sealing ring over the outwardly tapered end (8) of the seal pusher assembly (5) and buckling the staggered strips (11) against the outer surface (12) of the annular space surrounding the expanded tubular (1) to compress the sealing ring (9) and seal off the annular space.
wherein during the cycling of the jack the annular non-return valve is continuously open and the second non-return valve cycles with the jack movement to inhibit curing of cement in the expansion tool string.
E21B 33/16 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes using plugs for isolating cement charge; Plugs therefor
E21B 43/10 - Setting of casings, screens or liners in wells
E21B 34/10 - Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
A process for the separation of monoethylene glycol (MEG) and 1,2-butanediol (1,2-BDO) from a first mixture including MEG and 1,2-BDO, the process including providing the first mixture of MEG and 1,2-BDO as a feed to a distillation column. The process also includes providing a feed comprising glycerol to the distillation column above the first mixture. The process also includes operating the distillation column at a temperature in the range of from 50 to 250° C. and a pressure in the range of from 0.1 to 400 kPa. The process also includes removing a stream comprising MEG and glycerol as a bottoms stream from the distillation column and removing a stream comprising 1,2-BDO above the point at which the feed comprising glycerol is provided to the distillation column.
The invention relates to a process for treating a catalyst for alkane oxidative dehydrogenation and/or alkene oxidation, which catalyst is a mixed metal oxide catalyst containing molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, wherein the process comprises: contacting the catalyst with a gas mixture comprising an inert gas and oxygen (O2), wherein the amount of oxygen is of from 10 to less than 10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), based on the total volume of the gas mixture, at an elevated temperature.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential but can be expensive to perform. In an embodiment, a method includes sensing vibrations at a plurality of locations of a structure by a plurality of time-synchronized sensors. The method further includes determining a first set of dependencies of all sensors of the time-synchronized sensors at a first sample time to any sensors of a second sample time, and determining a second set of dependencies of all sensors of the time-synchronized sensors at the second sample time to any sensors of a third sample time. The second sample time is later than the first sample time, and the third sample time is later than the second sample time. The method then determines whether the structure has changed if the first set of dependencies is different from the second set of dependencies. Therefore, automated SHM can ensure safety at a lower cost to building owners.
A ram blowout preventer (“BOP”) may be used for sealing about an object positioned in a vertical bore extending through the BOP. The ram BOP includes a body comprising a vertical bore extending through the body and a ram cavity intersecting the bore, a ram assembly movable laterally into and out of the BOP vertical bore and comprising a ram body, and an opposing ram assembly movable laterally into and out of the BOP vertical bore and comprising a ram body and a seal body coupled to the ram body, wherein the seal body comprises a seal configured to seal the entirety of the BOP vertical bore. The seal can be located on the upper and/or lower portion of the seal body to provide for bi-directional sealing across the BOP.
A system includes a wellhead tiedown system having a lock screw configured to move axially within an aperture of a spool. The wellhead tiedown system also has a first gland configured to couple to the spool within the aperture and block axial movement of the lock screw in a first direction, and a second gland configured to couple to the lock screw and block axial movement of the lock screw without rotation.
A process for removing sulfur dioxide from a feed gas stream, which comprises (i) contacting the feed gas stream with an aqueous lean absorbing medium comprising a chemical solvent comprising a regenerable absorbent, a physical solvent, and one or more heat stable salts. The regenerable absorbent is an amine. The ratio of the wt % of the physical solvent over that of the regenerable absorbent is 0.5 to 2.5. The ratio of the wt % of heat stable salts over that of the regenerable absorbent is 0.29 to 0.37. The pH of the lean absorbing medium is 6 or less. With the process SO2 can be selectively removed. When the absorbing medium is stripped, a reduced amount of energy is required as compared to known processes.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
The present invention provides a catalyst for the decomposition of nitrous oxide, said catalyst comprising oxides of cobalt, zinc and aluminum and an alkali metal promoter.
B01J 23/78 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
B01J 23/80 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with zinc, cadmium or mercury
B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
The invention concerns a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst using one or more metal salts of chloride, hydrochloric acid (HCl), one or more organic chloride compounds, or a combination thereof. The prepared catalyst preferably comprises 0.13-3 weight percent of the element chlorine. The invention further relates to the prepared catalyst and its use.
2 reduced tail gas stream. The method may further comprise subjecting the oxidized gas stream to a regenerable absorption process. The sulphuric acid may be used to produce fertilizer.
Low-water content organic phases can be difficult to achieve at high fluxes when water is present in an emulsified form, such as in a water-in-oil emulsion. Processes for de-emulsifying a fluid stream containing emulsified water, such as water-in-crude oil emulsions, include introduction of the fluid stream into a vessel that defines a coalescence zone. The vessel is configured to provide for simultaneous application of a centrifugal force and an electric field to the fluid stream within the coalescence zone. The simultaneous application of the centrifugal force and the electric field to the fluid stream provides for the coalescence of a portion of the emulsified water into a bulk aqueous phase. Continuous phases of the organic component and the bulk aqueous phase form in the coalescence zone and are separately removed from the vessel. The bulk aqueous phase is removed from the underside of the vessel.
C12P 7/64 - Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
C12N 1/15 - Fungi ; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/19 - Yeasts; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12P 7/40 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group
A hydroprocessing catalyst composition that comprises a support material and a selenium component and which support material further includes at least one hydrogenation metal component. The hydroprocessing catalyst is prepared by incorporating a selenium component into a support particle and, after calcination thereof, incorporating at least one hydrogenation metal component into the selenium-containing support. The metal-incorporated, selenium-containing support is calcined to provide the hydroprocessing catalyst composition.
B01J 27/188 - Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
The invention concerns a method of applying a coating in a liquid state to wellbore tubing, such as threaded connector parts or casing sections, before running the tubing downhole. The coating only cures while running downhole. The coating is an elastic curable coating composition, comprising a curable elastic thermosetting resin, a curing agent and a water-absorbing expansion agent. During make-up of a connector, the liquid coating composition acts as lubricant. When cured, the coating will swell when contacted with a wellbore fluid to ensure leak-tightness.
B05D 1/28 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
The invention relates to a process for producing acrylic acid, comprising: converting a C3-oxygenate into propanoic acid, wherein said C3-oxygenate is a compound selected from the group consisting of 1-propanol, monopropylene glycol, monohydroxyacetone, 2-hydroxypropanal, glycerol and dihydroxyacetone; and converting the propanoic acid into acrylic acid. Said C3-oxygenate preferably contains 2 oxygen atoms, and most preferably it is monopropylene glycol.
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 45/52 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition by dehydration and rearrangement involving two hydroxy groups in the same molecule
C07C 51/16 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation
C07C 45/29 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of hydroxy groups
C07C 51/235 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups of —CHO groups or primary alcohol groups
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
The invention relates to a process for producing acrylic acid, comprising: converting a C3-oxygenate into a C3-hydroxyacid, wherein said C3-oxygenate is selected from the group consisting of 1-propanol, 2-propanol, propanal, acetone, monopropylene glycol, monohydroxyacetone, 2-hydroxypropanal, dihydroxyacetone and 2,3-dihydroxypropanal; and converting the C3-hydroxyacid into acrylic acid.
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 51/235 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups of —CHO groups or primary alcohol groups
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
88.
Process for converting one or more C3—C12 oxygenates
A process for converting one or more C3-C12 oxygenates comprising:
1) contacting a feed comprising C3-C12 oxygenates with hydrogen in the presence of a sulphided hydrogenation catalyst to produce a partially hydrogenated effluent;
2) contacting the partially hydrogenated effluent with hydrogen at a hydrogen partial pressure of at least 0.1 MegaPascal in the presence of a sulphided carbon-carbon coupling catalyst to produce a conversion product;
3) optionally contacting at least part of the conversion product with hydrogen in the presence of a sulphided hydrotreating catalyst and/or a sulphided hydroisomerization catalyst to produce a conversion product; and
4) optionally purifying the conversion product, optionally hydrotreated and/or hydroisomerized, conversion product to obtain a final product,
wherein the carbon-carbon coupling catalyst comprises at least 60 wt % of a zeolite and in the range from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a hydrogenation metal, based on the total weight of the carbon-carbon coupling catalyst.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 49/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C10G 29/20 - Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
C10G 29/22 - Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
89.
Method of preparing or reconditioning a leak stable gas separation membrane system
A method of making a gas separation membrane by providing a plating vessel with a volume of plating solution of gas-selective metal ions into which is placed a porous support. The plating solution is circulated over a surface of the porous support while maintaining conditions within the plating vessel so as to promote the electroless deposition. The circulation rate of the plating solution is such as to enhance the metal deposition onto the surface of the porous support in the formation of the gas separation membrane.
C23C 16/52 - Controlling or regulating the coating process
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
3+ hydrocarbons that are recovered from the off-gas are, together with other Fischer-Tropsch product, subjected to hydrocracking or hydrocracking/hydroisomerization. Additionally, hydrogen is recovered from the off-gas.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10K 1/18 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with non-aqueous liquids hydrocarbon oils
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 67/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
92.
Biomass pretreatment for hydrothermal hydrocatalytic conversion
4+ hydrocarbons from lignocellulosic biomass solids is provided by reducing the water content of the biomass feed prior to biomass hydrothermal hydrocatalytic conversion.
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
A method of imaging a subterranean formation. The method includes emitting a primary wave from a source point, such that a portion of the primary wave travels into the subterranean formation and is refracted along a geologic layer in the subterranean formation and then emitted as a secondary wave from a refraction point on a boundary between the geologic layer and another geologic layer. The method also includes allowing a portion of the secondary wave to be reflected from a first reflection point as a tertiary wave. The method further includes allowing a portion of the tertiary wave to be reflected from a second reflection point as a quaternary wave, and collecting data about the quaternary wave at an observation point.
A method of making a gas separation membrane system by providing a porous support material having deposited thereon a metal membrane layer and imposing upon the surface thereof certain surface characteristics that provide for surface activation that enhances the placement thereon of a subsequent metal membrane layer. The gas separation membrane system is useful in the separation of hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas streams.
B24B 21/00 - Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
C23C 18/18 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C23C 18/16 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, i.e. electroless plating
Digestion of cellulosic biomass solids can be enhanced in the presence of a phenolic solvent. Methods for digesting cellulosic biomass solids can comprise providing cellulosic biomass solids containing up to about 50% water by mass in a digestion medium comprising about 50% or more of an organic solvent by volume; heating the cellulosic biomass solids and the digestion medium in a digestion unit in the presence of molecular hydrogen and a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen, thereby forming an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids and liberating lignin therefrom; wherein the digestion medium and the water form a biphasic mixture in which the alcoholic component, slurry catalyst, and lignin are contained; removing at least a portion of the biphasic mixture from the digestion unit; converting at least a portion of the lignin into a phenolic solvent; and returning the phenolic solvent to the digestion unit.
C07C 37/54 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions decreasing the number of carbon atoms by splitting polyaromatic compounds, e.g. polyphenolalkanes by hydrolysis of lignin or sulfite waste liquor
Dihydrocarbyl diazene dicarboxamides (DHCDD) have been found to effectively reduce the ignition delay and/or as effective cetane number improvers in diesel fuels and is suitable for use in modern engines.
C10L 1/24 - Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
C10L 10/12 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
C10L 1/226 - Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond, e.g. azo compounds, azides, hydrazines
97.
Biomass conversion systems having a fluid circulation loop containing a centripetal force-based separation mechanism for control of cellulosic fines and methods for use thereof
Digestion of cellulosic biomass to produce a hydrolysate may be accompanied by the formation of cellulosic fines which may be damaging to system components. Biomass conversion systems that may address the issue of cellulosic fines may comprise a fluid circulation loop comprising: a hydrothermal digestion unit; a solids separation unit that is in fluid communication with an outlet of the hydrothermal digestion unit; where the solids separation unit comprises a centripetal force-based separation mechanism that comprises a fluid outlet and a solids outlet; and a catalytic reduction reactor unit that is in fluid communication with the fluid outlet of the centripetal force-based separation mechanism and an inlet of the hydrothermal digestion unit.
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
A feed nozzle assembly for co-currently introducing gas and liquid into a reactor vessel which feed nozzle assembly comprises (a) an inner tube defining a gas conduit and an outer tube arranged around the inner tube, wherein the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube define an annular liquid conduit, and wherein each of the tubes have an inlet end and an opposite outlet end; (b) a first nozzle attached to the outlet end of the inner tube; (c) a second nozzle attached to the outlet end of the outer tube and arranged downstream of the first nozzle, wherein the inner tube contains purging orifices.
B01J 4/00 - Feed devices; Feed or outlet control devices
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
A partially digested biomass solids is converted in a fixed bed catalytic reduction reactor under hydrothermal catalytic condition with a supported metal catalyst having a high void fraction. The catalyst having high void fraction allows high permeability and extends reaction run time.
A process for liquefying a cellulosic material to produce a liquefied product comprising contacting the cellulosic material with a hydrogenation catalyst a liquid medium; and a source of hydrogen. The hydrogenation catalyst comprises a hydrogenating metal or precursor thereof and a megaporous structure, wherein the megaporous structure comprises a porosity of at least 60% by volume and at least 30 volume % of the pore volume of the megaporous structure is present in megapores having a diameter of equal to or more than 1 micrometer.
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
patents
