A method of forming a precursor substance for forming an electrode of an electrochemical cell. The method comprises providing particles of an electrode-forming material and coating the particles with an inert material to form coated particles. The inert material is inert with respect to the electrode-forming material. The coated particles are mixed with a liquid or gel carrier medium to form the precursor substance. Useful new electrochemical products are provided.
Method of printing and articles A method of printing a separator for an electrochemical cell and articles made therefrom. A method of printing a separator for an electrochemical cell and a method of printing an electrochemical cell comprises providing an ink having particles of a separator-forming substance suspended within it and printing a layer of the ink onto a surface. The separator is formed from the separator-forming substance in the layer of ink. This may be done by drying or curing the layer of ink. The separa-tor-forming particles may host an electrolyte before or after the separator is formed.
A respirator system for delivering filtered atmospheric air to a user for inhalation, the respirator system comprising: a respirator through which a user can inhale filtered air; first and second air filter systems, each air filter system being configured to filter and draw air from the atmosphere into the respirator system and to deliver filtered drawn air to the respirator via an airflow path; first and second conduits for directing filtered air from the respective first and second air filter systems to the respirator; and a support for supporting the respirator system on the user's head, wherein the respirator is arranged at a front of the support to engage the front of a user's head when in use, and the first and second air filter systems are arranged at the rear of the support to sit at the rear of a user's head when in use, wherein the support comprises an adjusting means for adjusting a spacing between the two air filter systems to secure the support to the user's head.
A non-systematic convolutional decoder of a convolutionally encoded multi-level data stream includes a shift register and two or more paths of exclusive-OR (XOR) gates, arranged to reconstruct an original input information stream, each path having a quantiser arranged to quantise the signal to two levels, and a set of XOR gates arranged to match an encoding path in an associated convolutional encoder, and a selector arranged to feed an output from each path to a single input of the shift register. If the paths have differing values at their output, the selector may choose the value from the path based upon a function of the multi-level signals associated with each path, such as the path with the largest absolute signal level. The decoder provides a simple means for decoding signals while allowing the signal to also or instead be decoded using e.g. a Viterbi decoder if higher performance is required.
G01S 19/24 - Acquisition or tracking of signals transmitted by the system
G01S 19/30 - Acquisition or tracking of signals transmitted by the system code related
G01S 19/37 - Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
H03M 13/23 - Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using convolutional codes, e.g. unit memory codes
H03M 13/00 - Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
Gearboxes for a skid steered vehicle including layouts in which all electric propulsion drive motors and electric steering motors are located on one side of the gearbox, and layouts in which the drive inputs of the electric propulsion drive motors are located face to face. Gear change units and gear packaging configurations suitable for such gearboxes.
B62D 11/16 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source the additional power supply being supplied mechanically
B62D 11/04 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of separate power sources
B60K 17/12 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of electric gearing
B60K 17/16 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
F16H 48/10 - Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
A drive unit for a skid steered vehicle includes a controlled differential positioned between two shafts. The end of each shaft forms an output of the drive unit connected directly to the differential outputs via the shafts. A steer motor is in driveable communication with the differential, and an electric propulsion motor is in driveable communication with the shaft outputs. A gear reduction unit, and optional gear change unit, is positioned between the differential and the electric propulsion motor. The electric propulsion motor, the gear reduction unit and optional gear change unit are connected in a parallel connection with an output of the differential to the shaft outputs. The optional gear change unit includes an epicyclic gear reduction unit having an input and an output which provides drive input from the gear change unit to the shaft. A gear change set has a master gear that receives drive output from the electric propulsion motor, and slave gears which are driven by the master gear via one or more gear chains. A dog clutch slideably engages the input of the gear reduction unit and selectively engages with the master gear or slave gears so that the selected position of the dog clutch determines which gear is engaged.
B62D 11/16 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source the additional power supply being supplied mechanically
B62D 11/04 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of separate power sources
B60K 17/12 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of electric gearing
B60K 17/16 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
F16H 48/10 - Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
7.
Resistivity Imaging System with Compensator for Parasitic Impedances between Electrodes and their Conductive Substrates
A system for imaging material, typically in an underground scenario, comprising of a plurality of conductive electrodes supported on a conductive substrate positionable in an environment to be imaged, a signal generator connected to at least two of the electrodes, and a signal detector connected to at least two of the electrodes, and wherein an impedance compensator is arranged between each electrode and its substrate to counter parasitic impedance between the two. Typically the impedance compensator may be arranged to act as a negative capacitance, which may be approximately equal to any capacitance between the electrode and the substrate. An electrode may be a drive electrode coupled to a signal generator, or a detector electrode coupled to a detector, or may be reconfigurable to act as either one.
G01N 27/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
G01V 3/24 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with propagation of electric current using ac
G01V 3/22 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with propagation of electric current using dc
8.
Highly Dieelectric Metal Oxide Filled Polymers for Radio Frequency Products
B32B 27/20 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
B32B 5/18 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 27/20 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
B32B 5/18 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
Method of making a shaped article (5) comprising at least two parts (10, 15) wherein the first part comprises at least one projection (20) and the second part comprises at least one recess (22) by preparing said first part and said second part in a moulding process and joining the prepared first and second part together by engaging the at least one projection with the at least one recess to form said shaped article.
Filled polymer compositions and methods of making said filled polymer compositions and shaped articles or products comprising or formed from said polymer compositions.
B29C 44/00 - Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming
B29C 44/34 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
B29C 44/42 - Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length using pressure difference, e.g. by injection or by vacuum
Filled polymer compositions and methods of making said filled polymer compositions and shaped articles or products comprising or formed from said polymer compositions.
Some embodiments are directed to an electric hub drive with a braking assembly. The hub drive includes a housing; a rotary drive transmission system mounted within the housing; and a braking assembly positioned within the housing. The braking assembly includes a braking formation that is coupled to be rotationally driven by the rotary drive transmission system. Advantageously or preferably, the braking formation is coupled to be rotationally driven by a part of the rotary drive transmission system that has a higher angular velocity than the output shaft. This enables the braking formation to rotate at a faster speed than the wheel hub.
B29C 44/00 - Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming
B29C 44/34 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
B29C 44/42 - Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length using pressure difference, e.g. by injection or by vacuum
Some embodiments are directed to a range of method for investigating a sample such as obtaining images and/or spectral information are described. The method includes a method for deriving structural information about a sample as a continuous function of the depth below the surface of the sample, a method for evaluating a part of the structure of a sample located between two interfaces within the sample, and a contrast enhancing method and apparatus which has a quick image acquisition time.
G01N 21/3581 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using Terahertz radiation
18.
COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND METHOD OF MAKING PREFORMS, COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND ARTICLES
Some embodiments are directed to a preform including reinforcing fibres and shape memory alloy (SMA) wires, a composite material including a polymer matrix with a preform embedded therein, articles including a composite material, methods of making preforms, composite materials and articles.
B29C 70/88 - Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
B29C 70/20 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roving or other parallel fibres
B29C 70/22 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
B29C 70/24 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
D03D 11/00 - Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
D03D 15/50 - Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
Some embodiments are directed to a drive configuration for a skid-steered vehicle that has a pair of traction motors for rotationally driving opposite outputs of the drive configuration. The traction motors are operatively connected to the outputs via respective gearing arrangements for selectively varying gear reduction between each of the traction motors and the corresponding output. The drive configuration also has a steer differential in a torque connection with the first and second outputs of the drive configuration. The drive configuration additional has a steer motor operatively connected to the steer differential for selectively varying the rotational speed of the first and second outputs in use. Also, the traction and steer motors define a volume in which the gearing arrangements and steering differential are at least partially located.
B60K 6/445 - Differential gearing distribution type
B60K 1/02 - Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
B60K 17/08 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
B60K 17/04 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
B60L 15/20 - Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
B62D 11/14 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source
F16H 48/36 - Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
20.
Transmission for blocking upshifts and downshifts under certain torque conditions
Some embodiments are directed toward a transmission having a torque input and output, drive members selectively engageable for sequentially changing gear ratio between the torque input and output, the transmission also having a shaft with a shifting feature. The transmission includes a drum having a track around its outer perimeter and arranged such that torque can be transferred by rotating the shaft, the drum capable of being moved along the length of the shaft, a biasing mechanism for urging the drum towards a rest position along the length of the shaft, and a drive member selector member provided in operative relation to the track, wherein by rotating the shaft the drive member selector member can be selectively urged into contact with a first drive member for drivingly engaging therewith in a first torque connection or into contact with a second drive member for drivingly engaging in a second torque connection.
F16H 61/18 - Preventing unintentional or unsafe shift
F16H 61/16 - Inhibiting shift during unfavourable conditions
F16H 61/684 - Control functions within change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion specially adapted for stepped gearings without interruption of drive
F16H 63/08 - Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
F16H 3/091 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously- meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
A radio receiver includes a downconverter for downconverting dual sideband signals such as Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) signals from multiple sources to produce an upper and a lower sideband signal, and chip-matched filters for filtering each of the sideband signals. The output of each filter is provided to a series of separate channels, one for each source, where there are at least Early, Prompt and Late gates. Each gate has a nearest-neighbour sampler and a multiplier for multiplying with an appropriate part of a spreading code, a mixer for removing Doppler or other frequency offsets and an integrator. The invention provides a means for demodulating signals such as BOC modulated satellite navigation signals in an efficient manner by using a single downconverter for the received signals of interest from the multiple sources.
Some embodiments are directed to a shaped charge liner including an apex end and a base end and defining a main liner axis that passes through the apex and base ends, the liner being rotationally symmetric about the main liner axis wherein the liner has discrete rotational symmetry about the main liner axis.
Some embodiments are directed to a three-dimensional (3D) preform including reinforcing fibres and shape memory alloys (SMA) wires and a composite material including a polymer matrix with a 3D-preform embedded therein, wherein the 3D-preform includes reinforcing fibres and shape memory alloy (SMA) wires.
B32B 5/00 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer
B29B 11/16 - Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcements
B32B 5/26 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer also being fibrous or filamentary
B29C 70/24 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
D03D 25/00 - Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
24.
Materials comprising shape memory alloy wires and methods of making these materials
Some embodiments relate to non-woven composite materials, methods of making and uses thereof, including articles including the composite structures. More particularly, some embodiments relates to non-woven composite materials possessing desirable impact performance and penetration resistance.
C08J 5/04 - Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
B29C 70/20 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roving or other parallel fibres
B29C 70/38 - Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
Some embodiments are directed to a gearing assembly including a rotary input member, a rotary output member and a gearing arrangement between the input member and the output member selectively engageable to effect a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through at least a first torque connection having a first gear ratio and a second torque connection having a second gear ratio. One of the rotary input member and the rotary output member includes a first shaft and the first torque connection includes a first dog clutch including a dog hub having a hub set of teeth and a surrounding dog ring including a ring set of teeth. The hub and ring sets of teeth are radially projecting and mutually engageable. The dog hub is mounted on the first shaft so as to allow axial movement of the dog hub relative to the shaft.
F16H 3/66 - Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
F16H 63/30 - Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
F16D 11/14 - Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts with clutching members movable only axially
F16D 21/00 - Systems comprising a plurality of mechanically-actuated clutches
B60K 7/00 - Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
B60K 17/02 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
B60K 17/04 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
B60K 17/08 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
26.
COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPRISING METALLIC WIRES AND METHOD FOR FABRICATION THEREOF
Some embodiments are directed to a composite material comprising a polymer matrix having reinforcing fibres and metallic wires embedded therein, articles including the composite material and methods of fabrication of the composite material and articles.
Some embodiments are directed to a drive configuration for a skid steered vehicle includes first and second torque outputs coupled by a differential and in a torque connection with first and second electric motors, the differential being configured to mechanically transfer power across itself; and a mechanical power splitter having a first torque transfer feature in a torque connection with a combustion engine, a second torque transfer feature in a torque connection with a respective additional electric motor and a third torque transfer feature in a torque connection with at least one of the first and second torque outputs of the drive configuration, wherein torque output from the or each the mechanical power splitter in use is dependent on torques generated by the combustion engine and the associated additional electric motor.
B62D 11/18 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source the additional power supply being supplied hydraulically
B60K 17/16 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
B60K 23/04 - Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for differential gearing
B62D 11/16 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source the additional power supply being supplied mechanically
F16H 48/36 - Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
A thin flexible conformable electrochemical cell for powering a wearable electrical device comprising an inner electrode having an active electrode face of one charge and an outer electrode having an active electrode face of the opposite charge separated by a separator, wherein said separator comprises an electrolyte layer as a single continuous layer folded around the inner electrode, and wherein the cell has a single continuous flexible coating material folded around the separator and the inner electrode so as to offer protection for the cell, and wherein the coating material is sealable so as define access to the cell for electrode contacts for connection with the electrical device, and so as to offer avoidance of the cell short circuiting in use. Also provided are methods for cell preparation.
H01M 50/00 - Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
H01M 50/116 - Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
H01M 6/16 - Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/0583 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators with folded construction elements except wound ones, i.e. folded positive or negative electrodes or separators, e.g. with ‘’Z’’-shaped electrodes or separators
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, comprising a housing (2), a high explosive (3), and a reactive liner (6) where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner (6) is produced from a reactive composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet. The composition is a pressed i.e. compacted particulate composition comprising at least two metals, wherein one of the metals is present as spherical particulate, and the other metal is present as a non-spherical particulate. There may also be at least one further metal, which is not capable of an exothermic reaction with the reactive composition, present in an amount greater than 10% w/w of the liner. To aid consolidation a binder may also be added.
Some embodiments are directed to a transmission including a plurality of shafts, each carrying a plurality of drive members, the drive members on each shaft arranged to operatively cooperate with those carried by at least one other shaft for transferring load between a torque input and a torque output of the transmission in use, the transmission being configured such that respective resultant gear ratios between the torque input and the torque output can be selected in use from each of a plurality of groups thereof by changing a load path between the torque input and the torque output, wherein each group of selectable resultant gear ratios has a load path feature for transferring load between a pair of the shafts which is common to the selectable resultant gear ratios within that group.
F16H 3/091 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously- meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
F16H 37/04 - Combinations of toothed gearings only
31.
Shaped charge and method of modifying a shaped charge
Some embodiments are directed to a shaped charge liner including an apex end and a base end and defining a main liner axis that passes through the apex and base ends, the liner being rotationally symmetric about the main liner axis wherein the liner has discrete rotational symmetry about the main liner axis.
Some embodiments are directed to a shaped charge liner including an apex end and a base end and defining a main liner axis that passes through the apex and base ends, the liner being rotationally symmetric about the main liner axis wherein the liner has discrete rotational symmetry about the main liner axis.
Some embodiments are directed to a drive configuration for a skid-steered vehicle that has a pair of traction motors for rotationally driving opposite outputs of the drive configuration. The traction motors are operatively connected to the outputs via respective gearing arrangements for selectively varying gear reduction between each of the traction motors and the corresponding output. The drive configuration also has a steer differential in a torque connection with the first and second outputs of the drive configuration. The drive configuration additional has a steer motor operatively connected to the steer differential for selectively varying the rotational speed of the first and second outputs in use. Also, the traction and steer motors define a volume in which the gearing arrangements and steering differential are at least partially located.
B60K 1/02 - Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
B60K 17/08 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
B60K 17/04 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
B60K 6/445 - Differential gearing distribution type
B60L 15/20 - Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
B62D 11/14 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source
F16H 48/36 - Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
A wind turbine including a support structure and one or more turbine blades is presented, that incorporates ways for reducing the radar cross section (RCS), wherein the support structure is notionally divided into an upper section in the shadow of the blade sweep area, and a lower section beneath the upper section, wherein the upper section is adapted to have the ways for reducing the RCS, and the lower section does not have the adaptation. The invention makes use of the realisation that the blade masking the tower as it rotates (or the blade being masked by the tower if facing away from a radar), contributes significantly to interference to radar systems, and so localised application of e.g. RAM can give good RCS reduction at a lower cost than treating the whole structure.
A drone detection radar can include a plurality of antenna systems, each antenna system being arranged to transmit a signal into an associated sector, and to receive signals reflected from targets in the sector, the sectors collectively forming a monitored volume, and wherein a sub-set of the antenna systems are active at any one time, with the active sub-set of antenna systems being arranged to monitor their respective volumes for a duration sufficient to measure Doppler signals associated with slow moving drones, with the radar being arranged to switch to a different sub-set of antenna systems after each duration, such that the whole volume is monitored within a predetermined period. Combining a staring array from an antenna system with a plurality of switched antenna system allows drones to be both detected and tracked, with appropriate selection of the predetermined period.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/52 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
G01S 13/56 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
37.
Method and apparatus for the reception of a signal
A method for the reception of a frequency hopped direct sequence spread spectrum signal includes acquiring the signal by splitting the received signal into a plurality of processing sub-channels, each corresponding to one or more hop frequencies; and within each sub-channel: i) subtracting any sub-carrier frequency from the received signal; ii) filtering the signal from (i) using a chip-matched filter; iii) selecting a sub-set of samples from the filtered signal; iv) correlating the sampled signal from step (iii) with a known reference signal to produce at least one correlator output. The output(s) from each sub-channel are provided to an input of a corresponding one or more common discrete time Fourier transforms (DTFT), and an output therefrom having a peak above a predetermined threshold is selected for further processing in the receiver. The method is a less expensive way of tracking the signal and can demodulate appropriately modulated signals.
A system for compensating for phase noise, with particular application in lidar, includes a compensation interferometer that receives a signal from a source, and splits it into a first and second path, with a path length difference Δτ between them. Typically the path length is significantly less than that of the return distance to a target. The output of the compensation interferometer, which consists of phase noise generated in time Δτ is vectorially summed during a time similar to a signal flight time to a target, and the result used to reduce phase noise present on measurements of a target. It further includes means for selecting Δτ such that competing noise elements are reduced or optimised.
G01S 17/36 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/4915 - Time delay measurement, e.g. operational details for pixel components; Phase measurement
G01B 9/02055 - Reduction or prevention of errors; Testing; Calibration
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G01S 13/34 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
A drone detection radar configured to identify, from information present on returns reflected from a target, the presence of a drone, by identification, within Doppler information on the returns, of: i) Doppler signals being characteristic of rotating parts of a motor; ii) Doppler signals being characteristic of rotating parts of a blade; and, by identification from temporal information in the reflected returns; and iii) signals being characteristic of flashing of the blade of a drone. The target is assumed to be a drone if signals i, ii, and iii are present above respective predetermined thresholds. The largest return from a drone is often from the body, but this is often filtered by a clutter filter. The identified parameters therefore improve detection ability. The characteristic form of the Doppler signals in some instances allow the body return to be implied, thus providing information as to drone velocity.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/52 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
G01S 13/56 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
A method is disclosed that can include the steps of: in response to a radar stimulator aircraft receiving information for causing it to stimulate a radar system in a user specified manner, the radar stimulator aircraft monitoring the position of an onboard unit thereof relative to at least one antenna of the radar system; and based on the received information and the monitored position of the onboard unit the radar stimulator aircraft controlling its flight and the emission of radar signals thereby to stimulate the radar system in the user specified manner.
A radar system for the detection of drones, including a transmitter, a receiver and a processor, wherein the processor is arranged to process demodulated return signals in a first process using a Doppler frequency filter, and to store locations of any detections therefrom, and to process the demodulated signals in a second process to look for signal returns indicative of a preliminary target having a rotational element at a location, and should a detection be found in the second process, to then attempt to match a location of the preliminary target with returns from the first process, and to provide a confirmed detection if a location of a detection from the first process matches with the location of a detection from the second process. The disclosed subject matter enables improved detection rates for drones, by looking for outputs from both the first and second processes.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/52 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
G01S 13/56 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
A method of tracking a plurality of signals from a single satellite comprises receiving a first signal transmitted by a satellite; receiving at least a second signal transmitted by the same satellite; applying a pre-filtering process to determine the cumulative in-phase and quadrature components of the first, second signals, and optionally any further signals; and applying a filtering process to the cumulated in-phase and quadrature components of the first and at least second signals to determine a range and range rate of the satellite; wherein the filtering process comprises applying a Kalman filter. The method results in a determination of the range and range rate from a single satellite with improved signal to noise ratio. The range and range rate so determined may be used, with data from other satellites, to produce a navigational position. The method may be used with each such satellite used in producing the navigational position.
The present invention discloses a detection device for discriminating between different materials, and a method for doing so. The device comprises an optical system having at least one optical focussing element and a receiving element. The receiving element is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation, typically in the millimeter wave band, and the optical system being arranged to focus incident energy from a scene onto the receiving element. The optical system comprises a prism element having a first surface and a second surface, the first surface being opposite the second surface. At least a portion of the first surface is positioned at an angle θ to the second surface. The angle θ varies between a minimum at a first position on the first surface and a maximum at a second position on the first surface.
A celestial navigation system includes an optical device for receiving light from a celestial object, a spectrometer for measuring a spectrum of the light in sufficient detail to identify absorption and/or emission features, and a processor for processing the spectrum to match the spectrum, or a processed version thereof, against a set of reference spectra information in a database, a device for measuring the pointing direction of the optical device and a clock. The matching may be on a maximum likelihood basis. The system is thus able, on identification of a single star, and, using commonly available navigational almanacs, to calculate a geographical position. Celestial navigation takes place even when only one celestial object (that is also within the database) is visible, although improved accuracy may be obtained with multiple observations. Advantageously, the database includes stars of the K and/or M type, that have more characteristic spectral content.
G01S 3/786 - Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
Some embodiments are directed to a cross-domain communication system and method. The system includes a data hub connectable to first domain and to a second domain, the first and second domains being isolated from one another. The data hub may be connected independently to the first domain and to the second domain, such that it is able to receive data from the first domain and transmit data to the second domain. The data hub includes a processor, and optionally a data diode, the processor being adapted to inspect packet data received from the first domain, and to run a set of user-defined rules, such that commands are applied to the packet data in accordance with the rules. When a command applied to packet data received from the first domain it creates packet data transmittable to the second domain in real time, such that the first and second domains communicate indirectly via the data hub.
A sensor system for the measurement of a physical parameter, such as temperature or pressure comprises a first, fixed module (5), and a second module (20) positionable proximate to the first. The first module has a measurement coil (6) and a reference coil (7), where the measurement coil forms part of an electrical circuit that is subject to variation by the physical parameter, and the reference coil forms part of a circuit not subject to the physical parameter being measured. The second module has a pair of reading coils (22, 23), each arranged to couple to respective measurement and reference coils, where the reading coils are connectable to signal generation and measurement equipment, and the system is arranged to measure electrical characteristics of the measurement and reference coils via the coupling. It has particular utility in harsh environments such as in wells, where the first module may be fixed, and the second module may be lowered adjacent the first. Measurements from the reference coil may be used to calibrate the measurements from the measurement coil. Further coils may be used to aid alignment of the two modules.
G01V 3/28 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device using induction coils
E21B 33/14 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
A shifting apparatus including a shaft extending along an axis, and at least one shifting feature, each of the at least one shifting feature including: a multi-part pin having first and second parts arranged to rotate relative to each other that extend through respective slots extending along the shaft; a drum arranged around the shaft and having channels extending along the length thereof wherein the first and second parts of the multi-part pin are respectively received for enabling torque transfer to the drum when the shaft is rotated, the drum also defining a track at least partially around its outer surface; a biasing mechanism for urging the drum towards a rest position along the length of the shaft; and a drive member selector member provided in operative relation to the track. The drive member selector member can be controlled to selectively engage a drive member.
F16H 63/18 - Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism the final output mechanisms being successively actuated by progressive movement of the final actuating mechanism the final actuating mechanism comprising cams
F16H 25/12 - Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion with reciprocation along the axis of rotation, e.g. gearings with helical grooves and automatic reversal
A gearing assembly includes a rotary input member, a rotary output member, and a gearing arrangement between the input member and the output member selectively able to effect a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through at least a first torque connection having a first gear ratio. A second torque connection has a second gear ratio and a third torque connection having a third gear ratio. The gearing arrangement includes a first engagement member operable selectively to effect the first torque connection in a 1:1 ratio, a first planetary gear stage, and a second planetary gear stage. A second engagement member is operable selectively to effect the second torque connection, and a third engagement member operable selectively to effect the third torque connection, respectively, through one or more of the planetary gear stages.
B60K 17/04 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
F16H 3/66 - Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
B60K 17/08 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
F16H 3/44 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
B60K 7/00 - Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
B60K 1/00 - Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
Some embodiments are directed to a multiplexed fiber sensor for a fiber optic hydrophone array, including a signal receiver configured to receive a signal from the fiber optic hydrophone sensor array and an interferometer. The interferometer is configured to produce a first signal component and a second signal component from the signal received from the hydrophone array, and also provided with a first polarization controller configured to control the polarization of the first signal component and a second polarization controller configured to control the polarization of the second signal component. A modulated carrier signal generator configured to generate a modulated carrier signal component based on the first signal component is also provided. A detector configured to output a demodulated output signal from the modulated signal component and the second signal component is included, wherein the modulated signal component and the second signal component output separately from the interferometer.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
G02B 6/42 - Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
H01S 3/10 - Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
A filter for removing coherent radiation from a source in a field of view, substantially independent of the size of the source, comprises a first reticle 22 located in the path of received light 21, a first lens 23 producing an optical transform of the first reticle 22 at a second reticle 24 located in the image plane of the first lens 23, a second lens 25 producing an optical transform of the second reticle 24 and a third reticle 26 located in the image plane of the second lens 25. The arrangement is such that the spatial transmittance of the third reticle 26 is selected to block at least part of the diffracted image of the first reticle 22 produced in the image plane of the second lens 25 and characteristic of the coherent radiation. Preferably the optical transforms are Fourier Transforms. A monochromatic coherent source in the field of view produces a pattern of diffracted energy in the image plane of the second lens which is independent of the size of the source. Thus, by providing a suitable reticle 26 in the image plane of the second lens light from a coherent source in the field of view can be blocked while polychromatic light is transmitted. The first and second reticles may be periodic picket-fence reticles or different spatial frequencies may be used for the first and third reticles so as to vary the stop-band characteristics of the filter.
A system and method of using the same, wherein the system comprises: an optical surface having a diffractive image generating structure disposed thereon, the diffractive image generating structure itself comprising a layer of reflective material incorporating a plurality of grooved diffractive elements each having a periodic wave surface profile, the periodic wave surface profiles each having a groove alignment direction; a source of incident electromagnetic radiation arranged to illuminate the diffractive elements at an angle of incidence substantially normal to the plane of the surface of the diffractive elements; means for polarizing the radiation from the source, and means for polarizing radiation reflected from the diffractive elements; wherein the diffractive elements are configured such that, in use, polarization conversion of the incident radiation takes place, and wherein the diffractive elements are disposed in a two dimensional array of pixels to represent an image; and further wherein the means for polarizing is arranged to pass incident radiation having a polarization state of approximately 45° azimuth to the groove alignment direction, and is arranged to select a polarization, using the means for polarizing the radiation reflected from the diffractive elements, and to pass radiation of the selected polarization to a detection point.
G07D 7/004 - Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
G07D 7/00 - Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
G07D 7/04 - Testing magnetic properties of the materials thereof, e.g. by detection of magnetic imprint
G07D 7/12 - Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
B42D 25/391 - Special inks absorbing or reflecting polarised light
B42D 25/21 - Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose for multiple purposes
Some embodiments are directed to a gearbox including first and second rotational members, the first rotational member having a shaft portion extending away from the gearbox, the first rotational member carrying one or more projections, the second rotational member carrying one or more complementary projections, the projections carried by the first rotational member being configured to be drivingly engaged with the complementary projections carried by the second rotational member to transmit torque in a first torque connection but not in a torque connection that is opposed to the first torque connection. The gearbox further includes a one way clutch adapted such that the first and second rotational members can be drivingly engaged to transmit torque in a second torque connection, wherein the second torque connection is opposed to the first torque connection.
F16H 3/10 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously- meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with one or more one-way clutches as an essential feature
F16D 41/12 - Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
F16H 63/30 - Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
F16H 3/091 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously- meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
Some embodiments are directed to an electromagnetic interference (EMI) indicator includes an ultra-wideband detector, preferably having a bandwidth of at least 30 MHz to 6 GHz. At least one antenna is provided for receiving EMI. Each antenna has receiver protection, a logarithmic receiver to convert the EMI signal into a direct voltage proportional to the magnitude of the EMI signal, a peak/average detector, and a controller connected to the output of the receiver for generating a signal when the direct voltage developed in the detector exceeds a pre-set threshold voltage using, for example, a carefully defined algorithm. The peak/average detector and controller are connectable to an indicator, which is activatable by the controller, which stores EMI event data in a non-volatile memory store.
G08B 21/00 - Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
G01R 31/00 - Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
G01R 29/08 - Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
A method for mitigating interference in a receiver, where the received signal is transmitted in a fashion having equivalent information content in at least two distinct bands. The method compares mean power per unit bandwidth in suitably normalised sidebands and sets a rejection threshold based upon the measured levels. Bands above the threshold may be rejected from further processing. The bands may include sidebands produced by a modulation process that produces sidebands having the same informational content. The threshold may be set relative to the band having the lowest mean power per unit bandwidth or according to some other function of the bands. Also extends to a signal processor in a receiver, and a receiver. The primary focus of the application is toward the Galileo Public Regulated Service (PRS) Satellite navigation signal.
A shaped charge includes an explosive charge having a cavity lined with a laminate liner, the laminate liner comprising a primary liner located adjacent the cavity which forms a non-jet penetrator on detonation, and one or more supplementary liners each of which is less dense than the adjacent liner nearer the cavity. On detonation the liners form a series of penetrators, those formed by the supplementary liners acting to clear a path through an obstruction in front of a target to produce a more efficient attack on the target by that formed by the primary liner.
F42B 1/032 - Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the material of the liner
F42B 1/028 - Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner
F42B 3/08 - Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive with cavities in the charge, e.g. hollow-charge blasting cartridges
F42B 12/10 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
Some embodiments are directed to an apparatus for managing fluid flow in a vehicle, that includes an epicyclic gear set having first, and second inputs configured to receive rotational drive input from a torque output feature of a powertrain and a rotary actuator respectively. A pump driver is provided for driving a fluid pump, the pump driver being configured to receive rotational drive input from an output of the epicyclic gear set. A controller is configured to determine information corresponding to the rotational speed of the torque output feature using information generated by a rotational speed sensor and based on this control the rotary actuator, such that the pump driver is caused to rotate at substantially a pre-specified speed.
Multi-charge munition suitable for defeating a concrete target consists of a detonatable array of hollow primary charges (14) of explosive supported laterally of a line of target penetration on which is disposed a secondary explosive charge (48). Simultaneous detonation of the primary charges in the array causes jet penetrators to be projected together towards the target which produce wide boreholes in concrete suitable for the subsequent emplacement and detonation of the secondary charge. The munition may be an aerially-deliverable bomb or submunition.
In one preferred embodiment, the primary charges (14) are positioned in a convergent configuration behind a forwardly-tapered secondary charge (48). Detonation of the primary charges projects penetrators forwardly passed the sides of the secondary charge and thrusts the secondary charge into the borehole produced in the target by the penetrators.
F42B 10/00 - Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
F42B 12/10 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
F42B 12/14 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge the symmetry axis of the hollow charge forming an angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile
F42B 1/032 - Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the material of the liner
Some embodiments are directed to an electric motor that includes a stator including a plurality of circumferentially distributed drive elements for causing an electromagnetic driving force to be applied to a rotor of the electric motor in use. Each drive element includes a wire extending around a metal core to define a plurality of coils for magnetizing the metal core when current flows in the coils. At least one space exists between the metal core of each respective drive element and the coils around it. A cooling device is provided for transferring heat away from the drive elements. Each drive element further includes a heat conductor including a plurality of mutually electrically isolated metallic elements located in the or each respective space between the metal core thereof and the coils around it, for transferring heat from the coils to the cooling device.
H02K 9/19 - Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
H02K 9/22 - Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
This invention relates to a novel curing method of oligomers, using metal triflates, and particularly to the curing of hydroxyl terminated elastomers to achieve crosslinked polymers. The method finds particular use as an alternative cure methodology to replace isocyanate curing. There is further provided a cured and crosslinked polymer binder, which is particularly suitable and compatible for use with energetic materials.
C08G 59/68 - Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups characterised by the catalysts used
Some embodiments are directed to a method of determining the time of arrival of an incoming satellite signal at a receiver, including receiving an incoming signal, multiplying of the incoming signal by a first real-valued periodic modifying signal to produce a first modified output, correlating the first modified output to obtain a first correlation output, multiplying the incoming signal by a second real-valued periodic modifying signal to produce a second modified output, correlating the second modified output to produce a second correlation output and comparing the first correlation output with the second correlation output.
Some embodiments are directed to a method of identifying a vehicle-borne transmitter emitting an interfering signal over a predefined frequency band. The method comprises monitoring the predefined frequency band at a first location to identify an emission of an interfering signal from a passing vehicle. If an interfering signal is detected, the method further comprises capturing a first image of the passing vehicle to enable an identity of the passing vehicle to be determined.
G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
G08G 1/017 - Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
B60R 25/102 - Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device a signal being sent to a remote location, e.g. a radio signal being transmitted to a police station, a security company or the owner
B60R 25/30 - Detection related to theft or to other events relevant to anti-theft systems
B60R 25/33 - Detection related to theft or to other events relevant to anti-theft systems of global position, e.g. by providing GPS coordinates
A processor for a radio receiver is adapted to process direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS signals), and includes a demodulator, digitizer, correlator, and chip-matched filter (CMF) wherein the digitizer sample rate is selected to take a plurality of samples of each incoming chip at differing points thereon compared to sample points on an adjacent chip and to sample the chip at a non-integer multiple of the chip rate, wherein the CMF is arranged to filter the output of the digitizer. A sample selection unit is arranged to select a single sample from the CMF for input to each tap of the correlator, the selected sample being chosen as that nearest in time to a desired ideal time in relation to a timing reference point on the chip. An improved correlation function results, leading to better tracking performance.
A scanned imaging system includes a lens system for directing radiation from a scene to be scanned onto external reflecting surfaces of a rotating polygon and onto a detector, the external reflecting surfaces including primary and secondary flat facets which rotate together on a common axis, the lens system including an image space lens system for focusing an image of the scene to be scanned in the vicinity of a primary facet, and further including an optical system for directing radiation from a primary facet to a focus at a point on or adjacent an associated secondary facet and to reflect the radiation from the secondary facet to the detector, the arrangement being such that a beam of radiation is incident on substantially the whole width of a primary facet and sweeps round with that facet as the polygon rotates.
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
H04N 3/09 - Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only having a moving reflector for electromagnetic radiation in the invisible region, e.g. infrared
Multi-charge munition suitable for defeating a concrete target consists of a detonatable array of hollow primary charges (14) of explosive supported laterally of a line of target penetration on which is disposed a secondary explosive charge (48). Simultaneous detonation of the primary charges in the array causes jet penetrators to be projected together towards the target which produce wide boreholes in concrete suitable for the subsequent emplacement and detonation of the secondary charge. The munition may be an aerially-deliverable bomb or submunition.
In one preferred embodiment, the primary charges (14) are positioned in a convergent configuration behind a forwardly-tapered secondary charge (48). Detonation of the primary charges projects penetrators forwardly passed the sides of the secondary charge and thrusts the secondary charge into the borehole produced in the target by the penetrators.
F42B 12/10 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
F42B 12/12 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge rotatably mounted with respect to missile housing
F42B 12/16 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
F42B 12/14 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge the symmetry axis of the hollow charge forming an angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile
F42B 1/028 - Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner
F42B 1/032 - Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the material of the liner
An electronic hardware assembly including at least a first and second laminar component, wherein the first laminar components includes a die, the die including a substrate, a functional region and a first protective layer, and the second laminar component includes a second protective layer, wherein the first and second laminar components are arranged in a stack such that the functional region of the first laminar component is arranged within the assembly substantially between first and second protective layers.
H01L 21/52 - Mounting semiconductor bodies in containers
H01L 23/055 - Containers; Seals characterised by the shape the container being a hollow construction and having an insulating base as a mounting for the semiconductor body the leads having a passage through the base
H01L 23/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
H01L 25/065 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups , or in a single subclass of , , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
A wind turbine comprising a support structure and one or more turbine blades is disclosed, that incorporates means for reducing the radar cross section (RCS), wherein the support structure is notionally divided into an upper section in the shadow of the blade sweep area, and a lower section beneath the upper section, wherein the upper section is adapted to have the means for reducing the RCS, and the lower section does not have the said adaptation. The invention makes use of the realization that the blade masking the tower as it rotates (or the blade being masked by the tower if facing away from a radar), contributes significantly to interference to radar systems, and so localized application of e.g. RAM can give good RCS reduction at a lower cost than treating the whole structure.
A method of processing signal data including an unencrypted portion and an encrypted portion, the method including: receiving, at a receiver, the signal data; processing a sample of the signal data to provide a processed signal sample including data relating to the encrypted portion of the signal data and data relating to the unencrypted portion of the signal data, comparing the unencrypted signal data with at least one reference signal to determine information including at least one of (i) the time at which the signal was sent from the source and (ii) the identity of the source; requesting, based on the determined information, and from a source remote to the receiver, a set of encrypted reference signal samples; comparing, on a processing device remote to the receiver, the set of encrypted reference signal samples with the received encrypted signal data to identify any matching signal samples.
G01S 19/32 - Multimode operation in a single same satellite system, e.g. GPS L1/L2
G01S 19/05 - Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data
G01S 19/09 - Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
A pyrolytic hydrogen generator comprising a pressure vessel containing a plurality of cardboard receptacles for the thermally decomposable hydrogen generating material and an associated ignition system. Also, a modular pellet tray assembly for use in the generator comprises a plurality of trays having pellet holders and associated igniters and held in a stack by support rods that also provide electrical connectivity to the trays.
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
Some embodiments are directed to a controlled differential adapted to couple two shafts and steer input, such as those provided in a drive configuration for a skid steered vehicle, the controlled differential including a pair of planet carriers arranged to turn with respective shafts; a pair of ring gears interconnected by a cross-shaft such that the ring gears rotate in common; planet gears and a pair of sun gears, the sun gears being coupled to at least one steer motor to enable rotation of the sun gears in mutually opposite senses upon input from the steer motor.
B62D 11/04 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of separate power sources
F16H 48/36 - Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
B62D 11/14 - Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of a single main power source using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin- differential or epicyclic gears differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source
A terrain disruption device includes an air or gas flow generation device mounted on a remote operated vehicle having an extendible arm, wherein the air or gas flow generation device includes an elongate (optionally detachable) ducting arrangement to direct the air or gas flow and an optional nozzle. The air or gas flow generation device and/or the elongate ducting arrangement may be mounted on the extendible arm. Preferably, the air or gas flow generation device is powered by a fan, more preferably an electric ducted fan.
A generally planar, conformable evaporative structure, particularly for incorporation in a garment or an item of personal protective equipment as part of a system to cool the wearer's body, includes an envelope of substantially impermeable, flexible material containing: a layer of flexible wick material disposed adjacent to a major face of the envelope and adapted to hold a working fluid in liquid phase for evaporation by heat conducted through the envelope; a layer of flexible, breathable fabric in parallel with the layer of wick material; and an array of flexible ribs such as open helical coils within the layer of breathable fabric adapted to maintain pathways for the flow of working fluid in vapor phase towards a condensation zone.
F28D 15/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
A41D 13/005 - Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
F28F 13/00 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
72.
Shaped charge and method of modifying a shaped charge
Some embodiments are directed to a shaped charge liner including an apex end and a base end and defining a main liner axis that passes through the apex and base ends, the liner being rotationally symmetric about the main liner axis wherein the liner has discrete rotational symmetry about the main liner axis.
Some embodiments are directed to a radar imaging system that includes a radar transmitter configured to transmit radar at a target; an aperture including an array of physically independent airborne carriers, each of the carriers configured to receive radar echoes from the target; and a base station, which may be located at ground level, in communication with each of the airborne carriers to receive the radar echoes and determine an image of the target from the received radar echoes.
G01S 13/90 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques
G01S 7/00 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , ,
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
G01S 5/06 - Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
A drive member selection mechanism is described, including at least one drive member and at least two selector members, wherein the drive member includes a first and second face, and further includes, on each face, at least one projection, and the selector members include, on at least one face thereof, at least one complementary projection arranged to selectively engage with a projection of a drive member, the arrangement being such that the projection(s) of a selector member and the projection(s) of the first face of a drive member may be drivingly engaged in a first torque connection and the projection(s) of a selector member and the projection(s) of the second face of a drive member may be drivingly engaged in a second torque connection, wherein the second torque connection is opposed to the first torque connection.
F16H 63/18 - Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism the final output mechanisms being successively actuated by progressive movement of the final actuating mechanism the final actuating mechanism comprising cams
F16H 63/30 - Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
Some embodiments are directed to methods of detecting a target that include: receiving signals reflected from a target of interest, the signals having a bandwidth large enough to provide a plurality of range cells along an expected target, and processing the received signal(s) by (i) determining the phases of contiguous groups of range cells, the group size selected to approximate to sizes of targets of interest, (ii) phase-shifting the returns within a group to increase constructive interference and thereby signal power; and (iii) combining the phase shifted returns to produce phase-adjusted combined returns, and performing a detection on those combined returns. Some embodiments may provide enhanced target detection capabilities. The process may be repeated for different potential target sizes, and may be performed either on real time data, or off-line on recorded data, and is applicable to both radar and sonar.
G01S 13/532 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds using transmissions of interrupted pulse modulated waves based upon the phase or frequency shift resulting from movement of objects, with reference to the transmitted signals, e.g. coherent MTi performing filtering on a single spectral line and associated with one or more range gates with a phase detector or a frequency mixer to extract the Doppler information, e.g. pulse Doppler radar using a bank of range gates or a memory matrix
G01S 15/18 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein range gates are used
G01S 13/64 - Velocity measuring systems using range gates
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
The invention relates to a thermal infrared transparent polymer film suitable for use in an identification device, said film comprising an infrared transparent polymer matrix with a pigment dispersed therein, wherein the thickness of the polymer film is greater than 30 micron and wherein the polymer film has an average transmission in the thermal infrared of greater than or equal to 0.5. Preferably, the pigment comprises an inorganic material. There is further provided a thin film, thermally reflective material (20) comprising the afore-mentioned infrared transparent film (21) and an infrared reflective layer provided on one surface thereof (22).
A radiation absorber comprising multiple layers has a conducting base layer, and at least first and second further layers, each separated by a dielectric material, the first and second layers having patches thereon of highly conducting material, and defining resonant cavities in cooperation with the dielectric material, wherein the resonant cavities formed on adjacent layers differ in frequency. Characteristics of the patch, such as size or shape may vary on each layer to provide different resonant frequencies, and/or dielectric or magnetic properties of the dielectric material, and/or separation distance of the patches may be varied. In some embodiments, complex dielectrics may have their loss factors adapted to tune a resonant frequency, or to adapt its resonant bandwidth.
A pyrolytic hydrogen generator comprising a pressure vessel containing a plurality of cardboard receptacles for the thermally decomposable hydrogen generating material and an associated ignition system. Also, a modular pellet tray assembly for use in the generator comprises a plurality of trays having pellet holders and associated igniters and held in a stack by support rods that also provide electrical connectivity to the trays.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
Casings and housings for use in high speed airflow (for example for mounting on a high speed vehicle) are described. In one embodiment, a housing for imaging equipment is described. The housing has a tapering form with symmetrical angular truncations such that it tapers in the form of a wedge with two substantially planar regions. At least one substantially planar region includes an aperture formed of optically transparent material.
A method for the alignment of pairs of complex images of a region, such as may be produced by separate passes of a synthetic aperture radar, is disclosed. The method selects a subset of each image in the form of a plurality of tiles, and calculates a correlation value between corresponding pairs of tiles. Shifts in x and y for each pair where the correlation value exceeds a threshold are then used to calculate values for overall shift, stretch and shear to be applied to one of the images to align it with the other. An iterative least squares approach may be used. As both phase and amplitude information is used in the correlation the technique is suitable for aligning images having little intensity variation. The invention may be used to align images prior to coherent change detection analysis of the images.
G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
G06K 9/64 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means using simultaneous comparisons or correlations of the image signals with a plurality of references, e.g. resistor matrix
G06K 9/32 - Aligning or centering of the image pick-up or image-field
G06T 3/00 - Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
G01S 13/90 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques
An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, comprising a housing (2), a high explosive (3), and a reactive liner (6) where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner (6) is produced from a reactive composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet. The composition is a pressed i.e. compacted particulate composition comprising at least two metals, wherein one of the metals is present as spherical particulate, and the other metal is present as a non-spherical particulate. There may also be at least one further metal, which is not capable of an exothermic reaction with the reactive composition, present in an amount greater than 10% w/w of the liner. To aid consolidation a binder may also be added.
A method of measuring the reflectivity of a region of an article to electromagnetic radiation, in particular for the characterisation of the radio-frequency (RF) properties of wind turbine blades. The article is arranged in the near-field of a transceiver antenna, which performs both illumination and measurement of reflected radiation from the region of the article undergoing measurement. The method is beneficial in that it can be used with an antenna in close proximity (or in contact) to the article to be measured, for example for use in on site measurement of specific regions of a turbine blade.
G01N 22/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
Methods, apparatus, and programs for a computer for network security content checking: in particular ones which simplify the critical element of a content checker so it can be trusted and implemented in logic.
Methods and apparatus for network security content-checking, in particular simplifying the critical element of a content-checker so that it can be trusted and implemented in hardware logic. A method comprises determining whether a digitally encoded document contains any embedded documents; content-checking, by means of at least one hard-ware-implemented content-checker, at least one of the embedded documents separately from those parts of the digitally encoded document within which it was embedded; and releasing a version of the digitally encoded document responsive to the content-checking.
A terrain disruption device includes an air or gas flow generation device mounted on a remote operated vehicle having an extendible arm, wherein the air or gas flow generation device includes an elongate (optionally detachable) ducting arrangement to direct the air or gas flow and an optional nozzle. The air or gas flow generation device and/or the elongate ducting arrangement may be mounted on the extendible arm. Preferably, the air or gas flow generation device is powered by a fan, more preferably an electric ducted fan.
This invention relates to a novel munition (1) comprising a controllable output warhead and also munitions comprising one or more of said warheads. There are further provided methods of preparing the warheads of the invention, methods of controllably detonating the warheads and a kit suitable for preparing such a warhead. The warhead comprises an inner and outer portion of high explosive (3, 4) co-axially located and separated by a non-detonative material (5), such that in use at least two output modes are possible, by either simultaneous detonation of both the inner and outer portion high explosives (3, 4) or selective detonation of the inner high explosive portion (3).
F42B 12/20 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
A generally planar, conformable evaporative structure, particularly for incorporation in a garment or an item of personal protective equipment as part of a system to cool the wearer's body, includes an envelope of substantially impermeable, flexible material containing: a layer of flexible wick material disposed adjacent to a major face of the envelope and adapted to hold a working fluid in liquid phase for evaporation by heat conducted through the envelope; a layer of flexible, breathable fabric in parallel with the layer of wick material; and an array of flexible ribs such as open helical coils within the layer of breathable fabric adapted to maintain pathways for the flow of working fluid in vapor phase towards a condensation zone.
F28F 13/06 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
F28F 13/00 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
F28D 15/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
A41D 13/005 - Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
H01M 10/04 - Construction or manufacture in general
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
A system for detecting munitions in flight comprises a radar transmitter, receiver, and associated antennas, wherein the antennas are oriented to include ground level coverage, and where a receive antenna is arranged to provide a plurality of receive beams. The system further incorporates a Doppler filter arranged to reject targets that have velocity profiles that do not match those expected of targets of interest. If a target of interest is detected then an indication is provided, preferably in the form of an audible alert, allowing those nearby time to take cover. The system provides a simple munitions detection capability that may operate in CW mode to allow rapid detection, and may also have means such as switchable FMCW, and elevation measurement to allow estimation of possible landing areas of the target.
G01S 13/48 - Indirect determination of position data using multiple beams at emission or reception
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
G01S 13/52 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
92.
Photonic processor with pattern matching and image recognition
Apparatus (100) is provided which is arranged to accept an input data stream. In some embodiments, the apparatus (100) comprises a sampler arranged to sample the input data stream to provide k samples thereof, wherein each of the samples is n bits long and a string selector arranged to select m binary strings n bits long from at least a chosen subset of all random binary strings of a predetermined length. The apparatus (100) may further comprise a logical operator arranged to perform a logical function for each of the k samples with each of the selected binary strings to provide a vector, a memory arranged to store a matrix of the vectors generated from k samples, and an address generator arranged to generate RAM address segments from the matrix. In embodiments, the apparatus (100) may comprise a processor for, for example, pattern matching; feature detection, image recognition.
An eye tracking apparatus for monitoring a user's eye, for use in conjunction with secondary optical apparatus such as binoculars or night vision goggles. An optical assembly is adapted directly to image the eye from within the user's field of vision, and relay the image to a sensing element, which can be located outside the field of vision. Additionally the scene is imaged, also optionally from within the user's field of vision, which allows for scene imaging through the secondary optical apparatus. The optical assembly typically extends across the eyepiece of for example binoculars, and can be provided in a small form factor so as to interfere minimally with the view through the eyepiece. Both eye image and scene image can be relayed through the optical assembly, resulting in further space efficiencies.
H04N 7/18 - Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
94.
Eye tracking apparatus including indication of eye direction
An eye tracking apparatus and method of eye monitoring, comprising a target display adapted to project a moveable image of a target into a user's field of vision, an illumination source adapted to project a reference point onto a user's eye, a sensor adapted to monitor a user's eye, and a processor adapted to determine the position of a feature of a user's eye relative to the reference point, wherein the apparatus is arranged such that said determined position provides a direct indication of eye direction relative to the target direction.
G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
A data content checker arrangement for protecting communication between a sensitive computer system (102) and an external computer system (104). The arrangement includes a store (108) connected to input and output sub-systems (106) and (114) and to content checkers (110) and (112) arranged in parallel. The input and output sub-systems (106) and (114) are connected to the external computer system (104) and the sensitive computer system (102) respectively. Data received from the external computer system (104) is encrypted by the input sub-system (106) using an encryption key to which the content checkers (110) and (112) have access. The content checkers (110) and (112) can therefore decrypt, read and check the data. If the data passes a content checker's checks, the checker digitally signs and stores it, decrypted, in the store (108); if the checks are not passed, the checker discards the data. The output sub-system (114) delivers data to the sensitive computer system (102) if the data has received both content checkers' digital signatures indicating acceptability.
A system for automated checking of data content includes content checkers (208) to (214) arranged in parallel and connected between an input sub-system (204) and an output sub-system (216). The content checkers (208) to (214) check different data formats. Incoming data from an external computer system (202) is passed by the input sub-system (204) to the checkers (208) to (214), which report check results to both input and output sub-systems (204) and (216). From the four check results, the input sub-system (204) judges the data's acceptability for forwarding to a sensitive computer system (218). Unacceptable data is discarded; acceptable data passes to the output sub-system (216), which also judges the data's acceptability from the four check results. The output sub-system (216) only receives such data if the check results are all positive or if the input sub-system (204) malfunctions: in the latter case the check results are not all positive, and the output sub-system (216) will not forward the data unless it also malfunctions. The decision to forward data is therefore split between the input and output sub-systems (206) and (216).
A wind turbine blade includes a multilayer composite structure including a first reflective layer, and a second layer including a plurality of resistive circuit analog (CA) elements. The CA elements are tuned so as to interact with the first layer to provide absorption of electromagnetic (EM) energy over a desired frequency range. The parameters of the CA elements can be varied to provide for frequency tuning and to maintain absorption at a specific frequency range despite varying layer separation, while at the same time ensuring that the mechanical properties of the CA layer are compatible with integration into the turbine blade.
B23P 15/04 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from several pieces
F03D 11/00 - Details, component parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the other groups of this subclass
H01Q 17/00 - Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
A long range laser illuminator is disclosed that is suitable for providing illumination for camera systems at ranges up to approximately 20 km. The illuminator incorporates a diverger that allows for a compact, low F-number optical arrangement that improves eye safety by reducing the power density across a primary optical element, such as a spherical or parabolic mirror. The diverger may be located at an end of an optical fiber feed, or between a pair of optical fibers. The diverger may incorporate a diffuser, such as a “top hat” diffuser. The optical fiber feeds may be highly multi mode, to provide for a more even illumination. The illuminator incorporates means for altering a focus of the output light beam, to allow an illuminated spot size to be altered. The illuminator is particularly suitable for use at night, where it may be used alongside a camera system.
G01S 1/00 - Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
G09B 9/00 - Simulators for teaching or training purposes
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
H01S 3/30 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
G02B 6/42 - Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
A split core for a composite structure is described. The split core includes a first core layer, a second core layer, and a functional interlayer disposed between the first and second core layers. The first core layer separates the functional interlayer from a functional layer of the composite structure and/or from an outer surface of the composite structure. The thickness of the first core layer is substantially uniform across the composite structure and the distance between the functional interlayer and the functional layer and/or the outer surface of the composite structure is substantially constant across the composite structure.
B32B 3/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products essentially having particular features of form
patents
