Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for Uplink Control Information (UCI) design. The method comprises determining, at a terminal device, a matrix comprising a set of non-zero linear combination coefficients for quantizing a channel between the terminal device and a network device, the matrix having spatial components and frequency components; shifting the frequency components of the matrix circularly, such that a target coefficient of the set of non-zero linear combination coefficients is located in a frequency component with a predetermined index of the frequency components in a shifted matrix; generating a first indication indicating the spatial component associated with the target coefficient in the matrix; and transmitting, to the network device, uplink control information comprising the first indication. In this way, a new solution for designing the UCI may reduce the overhead for reporting the parameters in the UCI.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 1/1607 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals - Details of the supervisory signal
H04W 72/21 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
H04W 72/23 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
2.
SIGNALLING SUPPORT FOR SPLIT ML-ASSISTANCE BETWEEN NEXT GENERATION RANDOM ACCESS NETWORKS AND USER EQUIPMENT
An improved NR-U framework allows a gNB to repeat RLM-RS with the same index over each sub-band of an unlicensed spectrum. For example, a RLM-RS with the same indices are repeated by the gNB over the sub-bands of a wideband channel in an unlicensed spectrum. By monitoring the different sub-bands, a UE may find one or more sub-bands in which the RLM-RS having a particular index is successfully transmitted at a subsequent time.
According to at least some example embodiments, a user equipment (UE), of a wireless communications system, for facilitating a dynamic association between reference signals (RSs) configured for beam management measurements and reporting, for downlink (DL) and/or uplink (UL) beam selection, and semi-statically configured capability indices of a capability set of at least one functionality, includes a plurality of antenna panels; memory storing computer-executable instructions which include generating at least a first capability set of a first functionality, the first capability set including a plurality of capability information items indexed, respectively, by a plurality of corresponding capability indices, each capability information item indicating, for a panel corresponding to the capability information item from among the plurality of antenna panels, capability information of the corresponding panel with respect to the first functionality, and transmitting the first capability set to a next generation node B (gNB) included in the wireless communications system.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
4.
METHOD FOR PREDICTING ADVERSE OPERATING CONDITIONS
An apparatus comprising: means for establishing a connection to a network; means for predicting, by an algorithm-based model implemented in said apparatus, whether any of configurable features of the apparatus infers a predetermined likelihood to cause an anomalous operating condition in said apparatus; and means for signalling information about said configurable features to the network.
H04W 24/04 - Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
In a non-terrestrial network, the delay in reception time may prevent reception of a random access preamble. A combination of increasing transmit power and changing the timing with which the random access preamble is transmitted may enable reception of the random access preamble. One or more criteria may be used to determine whether the timing advance value with which the random access preamble is transmitted should be changed before retransmission is attempted.
Techniques for controlling Multi-USIM behaviour of user equipment, UE, are provided. For example, a method (400) to be performed by an UE is provided. The method comprises: sending (410), to a network, an indication that the UE supports a multi universal subscriber identity module, USIM, mode; receiving (420), from the network, and indication that the network supports both paging filtering based on paging filtering information from the UE and providing a paging cause code in a paging message to the UE; and in response to receiving the indication from the network, deciding (430) whether to provide the paging filtering information to the network to command the network to apply the paging filtering, or to apply paging response behaviour based on a paging cause code in a paging message received from the network.
A method for generating a parametric spatial audio stream, the method including: obtaining at least one mono-channel audio signal from at least one close microphone; obtaining at least one of: at least one reverberation parameter; at least one control parameter configured to control spatial features of the parametric spatial audio stream; generating, based on the at least one reverberation parameter, at least one reverberated audio signal from a respective at least one mono-channel audio signal; generating at least one spatial metadata parameter based on at least one of: the at least one mono-channel audio signal; the at least one reverberated audio signal; the at least one control parameter; and the at least one reverberation parameter; and encoding the at least one reverberated audio signal and the at least one spatial metadata parameter to generate the spatial audio stream.
The disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising means for: generating (500) a vibrational signal comprising data to be conveyed to another apparatus; modifying (502) the vibrational signal based on a user biometric model; and outputting (504) the modified vibrational signal.
A method, apparatus, and computer program product provide for providing quality of service management during immersive content consumption. In the context of a method, the method includes receiving a first request comprising a positioning error set. The method also includes determining, based at least on the first request, an enhanced quality of service (QoS) indicator representing a QoS for a client device associated with the positioning error set. The method also includes causing transmission of a first response comprising configuration data related to a QoS flow for the client device, the configuration data being based at least on the enhanced QoS indicator.
H04L 67/61 - Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatus for User Activity Detection (UAD). A terminal device receives, from a network device in the radio access network, a configuration associated with a set of subcarriers, wherein the set of subcarriers are associated with a set of terminal devices in the radio access network for transmission of modulated signals, the modulated signals being indicative of activity information of a set of active terminal devices out of the set of terminal devices; and transmits a modulated signal to the network device, wherein the modulated signal is generated by modulating a subcarrier from the set of subcarriers with a symbol and the modulated signal comprises a sparse Multicarrier Faster Than Nyquist (MC-FTN) signaling. In this way, a new solution for UAD for massive access with reduced latency and reduced cost of measurement resource is provided.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatus for User Activity Detection (UAD). A terminal device receives, from a network device in the radio access network, a configuration associated with a set of subcarriers, wherein the set of subcarriers are associated with a set of terminal devices in the radio access network for transmission of modulated conjugated symmetric signals, the modulated conjugated symmetric signals being indicative of activity information of a set of active terminal devices out of the set of terminal devices; and transmits a modulated conjugated symmetric signal, wherein the modulated conjugated symmetric signal is generated by modulating a subcarrier from the set of subcarriers with a symbol and the modulated conjugated symmetric signal comprises a sparse Multicarrier Faster Than Nyquist (MC-FTN) conjugated symmetric signaling. In this way, a new solution for UAD for massive access with reduced latency and reduced cost of measurement resource is provided.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to for positioning. A first device receives, from a fourth device, first configuration information for maintaining or establishing a positioning session associated with the first device. The first device performs, based on the first configuration information and with positioning assistance of a second device, positioning of the first device while being in an out-of-coverage status with respect to the fourth device.
H04W 40/22 - Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
H04W 4/02 - Services making use of location information
13.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NON-LINEAR OVERFITTING OF NEURAL NETWORK FILTERS AND OVERFITTING DECOMPOSED WEIGHT TENSORS
Various embodiments provide an apparatus, a method, and a computer program product. An example apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive an input at the apparatus; and overfit one or more features related to one or more non-linear activation (NLA) functions comprised in one or more neural networks based at least on the input to the apparatus.
H04N 19/90 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups , e.g. fractals
An apparatus for encoding a parametric spatial audio stream, the apparatus comprising means for performing: obtaining a parametric spatial audio stream comprising at least one audio signal and a first version of parameters associated with the at least one audio signal; obtaining an encoded first version of the parameters associated with the audio signal based on a determined encoding configuration; and in a first mode of operation, controlling the output of the encoded first version of the parameters as part of an encoded parametric spatial audio stream, and in a second mode of operation: determining at least one further version of the parameters based on the difference between a decoded version of the encoded first version of the parameters and the first version of parameters associated with the at least one audio signal; obtaining an encoded at least one further version of the parameters; and controlling the output of the encoded first version of the parameters and the at least one further encoded version of the parameters.
G10L 19/008 - Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
Disclosed is a method comprising determining an alternative set of random-access resources based at least partly on an estimated number of idle and/or inactive terminal devices, wherein the alternative set of random-access resources comprises at least one or more random-access resources that are not comprised in an initial set of random-access resources indicated by an initial set of configuration parameters at the estimated number of idle and/or inactive terminal devices. A group paging message indicating at least the alternative set of random-access resources and a group identifier is transmitted to the estimated number of idle and/or inactive terminal devices.
A method for generating a spatial audio stream, the method including: obtaining at least two audio signals from at least two microphones; extracting from the at least two audio signals a first audio signal, the first audio signal including at least partially speech of a user; extracting from the at least two audio signals a second audio signal, wherein speech of the user is substantially not present within the second audio signal; and encoding the first audio signal and the second audio signal to generate the spatial audio stream such that a rendering of speech of the user to a controllable direction and/or distance is enabled.
H04S 7/00 - Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
G10L 19/008 - Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
H04S 3/00 - Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
17.
MECHANISM FOR AVAILABILITY OF SYSTEM BROADCASTED INFORMATION
Embodiments of the present disclosure propose a solution for availability of system broadcasted information such as GNSS information which can be used for deriving time and/or frequency domain compensation. According to embodiments of this present disclosure, a validity timer for system broadcasted information is introduced in both UE and network to guarantee the system broadcasted information availability status is synchronized in two nodes, and the system broadcasted information is valid to pre-compensate in time and/or frequency domain when the timer is running. In this way, the UE can be scheduled with correct timing and frequency estimation in UL transmission.
An apparatus comprising means for: controlling rendering of first environmental audio captured from an environment of a first user to a second user in dependence upon second environmental audio that is being captured from an environment of the second user.
G10L 21/00 - Processing of the speech or voice signal to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
G10L 25/51 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
19.
RELIABLE GROUPCASTING IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising means for receiving, by a first wireless terminal, a first retransmission of a groupcast message successfully groupcast message successfully from a second wireless terminal, means for skipping, by the first wireless terminal, a transmission of feedback related to reception of the first retransmission at the first wireless terminal, means for monitoring, by the first wireless terminal, feedback from a third wireless terminal, wherein said feedback is related to reception of the first retransmission at the third wireless terminal and means for transmitting, by the first wireless terminal, derived feedback related to reception of the first retransmission at the third wireless terminal to the second wireless terminal.
An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising receiving, at an edge device from one or more federated learning (FL) services, one or more FL machine learning (ML) models and capabilities information associated with each FL ML model, computing the utility of each FL ML model based a quality of available training samples at the edge device for training the corresponding FL ML models and said capabilities information, ranking the FL ML models in a descending order of utility of the FL ML models; and performing training of each of the corresponding FL ML models of each FL service in a descending order of utility until a remaining available cost budget of a total available cost budget of the edge device expires.
Aspects related to application based routing of data packets is described. In an example, a method for enabling application based routing of data packets includes retrieving, by a client device, a prioritized list of client application parameters to process data packets from at least one client application. The prioritized list is generated based on application support capabilities of the client device. The method includes transmitting client parameters to a network server to create at least one multi-path proxy (MPP) instance. Each MPP instance of the at least one MPP instance is configured to aggregate and route data packets to a pre-defined core network link. The method further includes receiving identification information pertaining to the at least one MPP instance from the network server. Based on the identification information, the prioritized list is assigned to the at least one MPP instance to process data packets from at least one client application.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for access management for reduced capability (RedCap) devices. A method may include acquiring system information from a cell. In some example embodiments, the system information may provide a control resource set zero configuration. The method may also include monitoring a physical downlink control channel based on the control resource set zero configuration. The method may further include receiving, from the physical downlink control channel, downlink control information that indicates a resource allocation for a system information block. In addition, the method may include determining, from the resource allocation whether the cell is barred.
H04W 72/232 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
H04W 48/02 - Access restriction performed under specific conditions
A method for assisting six degree-of-freedom rendering of an audio scene, the method comprising: obtaining information associated with at least one audio source, wherein the information associated with the at least one audio source comprises: a position of the audio source; and at least one of: an audio source priority, the audio source priority configured to define a priority of the audio source within the audio scene; and an audio source proximity threshold, the audio source proximity threshold defining a threshold distance within which the audio source is present; obtaining audio scene description metadata based on obtained audio scene description information; encoding the information associated with the at least one audio source within the audio scene description metadata, wherein the information associated with the at least one audio source is configured to enable informed rendering.
An example apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: use projection of subdivision points to a geometrical surface; package values of the subdivision points into a two dimensional (2D) box; determine whether multiple subdivision points map on same pixel; and merge or omit some displacement vectors corresponding to the multiple subdivision points when it is determined that multiple subdivision point map on to the same pixel.
H04N 19/463 - Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process by compressing encoding parameters before transmission
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
25.
A METHOD, AN APPARATUS AND A COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR VIDEO ENCODING AND VIDEO DECODING
The embodiments relate to a encoding method, comprising: receiving (2205) a dynamic three- dimensional (3D) mesh sequence frame, wherein the three-dimensional mesh represents a three- dimensional object; generating (2210) a base mesh for the mesh sequence frame, wherein the base mesh has a target reduction count optimized for target bitrate, and wherein the base mesh is represented by a plurality of faces, each face having a closed set of edges; setting (2215) a target subdivision iteration count to reach the target output resolution; running (2220) a set of subdivision methods for each face of the base mesh, and determining a set of displacement vectors for each level- of-detail defined by the target subdivision iteration count; assigning (2225) an identification for a face of the base mesh, which identification identifies a subdivision method that results in a defined quality for the respective face; forming (2230) clusters of sets of connected faces sharing the same subdivision method identification; generating (2235) residual samples by applying a wavelet transform to each displacement vector; encoding (2240) the residual samples in a displacement video bitstream; and encoding (2245) the base mesh, information on face clusters, and subdivision method identifications into respective bitstreams. The embodiments also relate to a method for decoding, and technical equipment for implementing the methods.
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
G06T 17/20 - Wire-frame description, e.g. polygonalisation or tessellation
H04N 19/33 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability in the spatial domain
H04N 19/85 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
H04N 13/271 - Image signal generators wherein the generated image signals comprise depth maps or disparity maps
There is provided an apparatus including receiving, at a second node, a signal including contributions of at least one backscatter signal and at least one further signal, the at least one backscatter signal being transmitted by a respective at least one passive device in response to a first node transmitting a first signal to the at least one passive device; isolating the contribution of the at least one backscatter signal from the at least one further signal; and based on the contribution of the at least one backscatter signal, determining, by the second node, one or more parameters associated with the respective at least one passive device.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for configuring a user equipment to operate in carrier aggregation in a serving cell with a primary cell and one or more secondary cell are provided. For example, a method can include receiving, from a primary cell, a carrier aggregation configuration of a secondary cell with uplink. The configuration indicates that downlink is deactivated for the secondary cell. The carrier aggregation configuration is applicable to carrier aggregation of the primary cell and the secondary cell. The method also includes communicating with the secondary cell based on the configuration of the secondary cell.
Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose devices, methods and apparatuses for channel prediction. A terminal device obtains model configuration information. The model configuration information indicates a first prediction model for channel prediction. The terminal device receives overfitting configuration information from a network device. The overfitting configuration information indicates configuration on reference signals for overfitting by the first prediction model. The terminal device reports channel information predicted based on the first prediction model and the overfitting configuration information.
A method may include registering with a communication network, and transmitting user equipment activity information to a machine learning engine of the communication network. The method may further include receiving an assigned soft preamble from the machine learning engine based on the user equipment activity information. In addition, the method may include performing message 1 transmission using the assigned soft preamble based on a preamble load. Another method may include receiving user equipment activity information from a network element, and assigning a same soft preamble to a plurality of user equipment based on the user equipment activity information, and based on a map of a network describing preamble load on every preamble in a serving cell and neighboring cells. Additionally, updated user equipment activity information may be received, and the soft preamble may be dynamically updated. The updated soft preamble may then be assigned to the user equipment.
In a system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium related to attachment procedures for passive Internet of Things (IoT) device communication with ambient energy sources, wherein a reader node is caused to, receive an association response message from a radio access network (RAN) node, the association response message including attachment information corresponding to at least one associated energy-harvesting (EH) user equipment (UE) device and the reader node, and transmit an attachment acknowledgement message to the RAN node in response to the association response message.
Disclosed are example embodiments of methods, apparatuses and systems supporting beam diversity for multimedia broadcast multicast services. A method may comprise receiving information of one or more beams and abeam-specific repetition pattern for at least one of the one or more beams for transmission of a service from a network device, and receiving the service on the at least one of the one or more beams based on the beam-specific repetition pattern.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04W 72/232 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
32.
DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL AUDIO PARAMETER ENCODING AND ASSOCIATED DECODING
An apparatus comprising means for: obtaining values for parameters representing an audio signal, the values comprising at least one directional value and at least one energy ratio value for each sub-band of at least two sub-bands of a frame of the audio signal; determining a penalty value for each sub-band; and on a sub-band by sub-band basis: selecting a sub-band based on the penalty value; and encoding, for the selected sub-band, the at least one directional value for each sub-band; distributing any bits allocated for encoding the selected sub-band at least one directional value which are not used in the encoding of the at least one directional value to succeeding selections of sub-bands.
G10L 25/21 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups characterised by the type of extracted parameters the extracted parameters being power information
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for beam failure detection and/or beam failure recovery procedures, for instance, for multi-panel user equipment (UEs) are provided. One method may include transmitting, by a UE, a beam report to a network to indicate an association between at least two downlink reference signals and at least two antenna panels at the user equipment or to indicate a selection of at least two downlink reference signals that will be used for downlink reception at the user equipment simultaneously. The method may also include activating the antenna panels corresponding to one or more of the at least two downlink reference signals, based on transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states updated by the network or based on the selection of the at least two downlink reference signals, and detecting beam failure based on at least two sets of beam failure detection resources for the active antenna panels.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
To enable spectrum shaping also when excess band is used, at least one set of spectral flatness requirements amongst two or more sets comprises at least at least a first parameter value for a first in-band range, at least a second parameter value for a second in-band range and at least a third parameter value for the excess band range, and a set to be used is selected at least based on information on the use of the excess band.
An apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain at least one location and/or orientation associated with a user; obtain, based on the at least one location and/or orientation, one or more audio element, wherein the one or more audio element at least partially forms an audio scene; obtain, based on the at least one location and/or orientation, at least one auxiliary audio element, the at least one auxiliary audio element being at least one audio element or a combination of audio elements, wherein the at least one auxiliary audio element is associated with at least a part of the audio scene and is located at an outside zone of the audio scene; render the obtained audio element and/or at least one auxiliary audio element.
The present disclosure provides a method comprising monitoring, by an update service producer receives, for a request to update an artificial intelligence/machine learning capability influencing a network service, and instructing, by the update service producer, a first support function to update the artificial intelligence/machine learning capability to an update version when the request is received.
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04W 24/02 - Arrangements for optimising operational condition
An apparatus comprising: a first reception path comprising a first low noise amplifier; a first feedback path comprising a second low noise amplifier; first downstream receiver circuitry; a switching arrangement configured to, in a first state, couple the first reception path to the first downstream receiver circuitry and configured to, in a second state, couple the first feedback path to the first downstream receiver circuitry; and a controller configured to place the switching arrangement in the first state during a reception time slot and in the second state during a transmission time slot.
Examples of the disclosure relate to apparatus, methods and computer programs for audio signal enhancement using a dataset for a target use case. In examples of the disclosure an apparatus is configured to enable access to a trained computer program. The trained computer program is configured for processing one or more audio signals to enhance audibility of sounds within the one or more audio signals. The trained computer program is trained using a generic dataset. The apparatus is also configured to obtain a dataset. The dataset includes data samples with inputs and outputs for the computer program. The apparatus is configured to use the dataset to update the trained computer program.
G10L 21/0264 - Noise filtering characterised by the type of parameter measurement, e.g. correlation techniques, zero crossing techniques or predictive techniques
G10L 25/60 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination for measuring the quality of voice signals
39.
TRIANGULAR INTER-USER EQUIPMENT COORDINATION FOR NEW RADIO SIDELINK COMMUNICATIONS
Triangular inter-user equipment coordination for new radio sidelink communications is provided. An exemplary apparatus may include at least one processor, and at least one memory. The memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, may cause the apparatus at least to receive, from a first device, a request of inter-user equipment coordination. The apparatus may also be caused to determine at least one second device to which to forward the request. The apparatus may also be caused to modify the request and forward the modified request to the at least one second device for the second device to provide a response to the request to the first device. The request may be modified by an indication related to the forwarding to the at least one second device.
In a system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium related to attachment procedures for passive Internet of Things (IoT) device communication with ambient energy sources, wherein a radio access network (RAN) node is caused to, receive an association request message transmitted by an energy-harvesting (EH) user equipment (UE) device based on an energy level of the EH UE device, assign a reader node from a plurality of reader nodes to the EH UE device based on the association request message, transmit an association response message to the EH UE device and the assigned reader node, the association response message including attachment information associated with the EH UE device and the assigned reader node, and receive an attachment acknowledgement message from the assigned reader node in response to the association response message.
Techniques for enhancing subscription authorization in a communications network are provided. For example, a method in a source network function service producer or an apparatus for a source network function service provider is disclosed. The method comprises: receiving a subscription request including access authorization information from a network function service consumer for a subscription to receive a notification upon occurrence of a specific event; verifying that the network function service consumer is authorized to create the subscription to the source network function service producer; storing subscription context and access authorization information granted for the subscription if the subscription request is authorized.
According to an example aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method comprising determining, by a user equipment, that the user equipment is configured or activated with at least two Transmission Configuration Indication, TCI, states for one control resource set, with at least two linked search space sets and one TCI state for each of the linked search space sets or with at least two TCI states for Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH, reception, wherein the at least two TCI states comprise a first TCI state and a second TCI state, determining, by the user equipment, that a downlink reference signal indicated by the first TCI state is to be included to a first set of Beam Failure Detection, BFD, resources and a downlink reference signal indicated by the second TCI state is to be included to a second set of BFD resources and including, by the user equipment, the downlink reference signal indicated by the first TCI state to the first set of BFD resources and the downlink reference signal indicated by the second TCI state to the second set of BFD resources.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for UE triggering global navigation satellite system measurements. One method may include estimating at least one of a downlink time error or downlink frequency error by measuring at least one downlink receiving signal; determining that at least one of the downlink time error or downlink frequency error is larger than a threshold; and transmitting, to a network entity, an indication of global navigation satellite system related information.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for dynamically enabling and disabling hybrid automatic repeat request feedback even for the same hybrid automatic repeat request process without changing downlink control information are provided. For example, a method can include determining a subframe index of a start of a transport block. The method can also include deciding provision of hybrid automatic repeat request feedback based on the determined subframe index.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus and a method for device identification in wireless local area network. A first apparatus (50) comprising means (510) configured for: performing a first authentication procedure between the first apparatus (50) and a second apparatus (70) in a wireless local area network. A second apparatus (70) comprising means (710) configured for: performing a first authentication procedure between a first apparatus (50) and the second apparatus (70) in a wireless local area network. A first identification information of the first apparatus (50) is assigned during the first authentication procedure. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an improved manner for device identification in wireless local area network may be provided. An identification information of an apparatus may be assigned during an authentication procedure. Thus, in some scenarios, an unidentified apparatus may be further avoided.
Time domain resource allocation of demodulation reference signals is provided. An apparatus may include at least a processor and a memory storing instructions. The stored instructions and the processor may cause the apparatus to receive, from a network entity, information on slots and symbols of a transmission that may include a physical channel and a signal. The signal may include a reference signal or waveform, and the information on the slots and the symbols may include a type of slot and symbol for a unidirectional transmission and for a bidirectional transmission. The apparatus may be further caused to receive a first configuration and a second configuration of time domain resource allocation information of the signal and a waveform of the transmission to be scheduled. The apparatus may also be caused to determine time domain resource allocation of the signal and the waveform of the transmission to be scheduled.
An apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive a message with a physical downlink shared channel; determine a physical uplink control channel resource used for transmission of a hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement, based on the message received with the physical downlink shared channel; wherein the physical uplink control channel resource is used for repetition of transmissions; and transmit the hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment, using the determined physical uplink control channel resource for repetition.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to security countermeasure for distributed network slice admission control (NSAC). Specifically, a first device receives a first message for updating or reporting an admission number of user equipments (UEs) or packet data unit (PDU) sessions associated with a serving area corresponding to the second device from a second device, where the admission number is specific to a slice or single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI). Then the first device determines a first number of UEs or PDU sessions specific to the slice or the S-NSSAI counted by at least one third device, such that the admission number is verified with the first number, and performs an admission control procedure based at least in part on the first number.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to positioning reference signal (PRS) transmission indication. A terminal device obtains configuration information associated with a resource of a sidelink (SL) PRS transmission indication indicating if an SL PRS is to be transmitted in an SL PRS resource corresponding to the SL PRS transmission indication. Moreover, the terminal device detects the SL PRS transmission indication in the resource of the SL PRS transmission indication based on the configuration information. As a result, resource utilization can be improved.
H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
50.
CONTROL OF RANDOM ACCESS RESPONSE MONITORING FOR WIRELESS NETWORKS
According to example embodiment, an apparatus includes at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: obtain a message instructing the apparatus to trigger or initiate a random access (RA) procedure to access a cell of a network device, the message indicating whether or not the apparatus is to monitor or receive a random access response (RAR) within a RA response window during the triggered random access procedure; and determine whether or not to monitor or receive the RAR within the RA response window based on the indication.
An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to perform: transmitting Downlink Control Information to a user equipment, said Downlink Control Information having a control command for said user equipment together with an indication that additional information related to said control command is to be transmitted over a Downlink Shared Channel; and transmitting said additional information related to said control command over said Downlink Shared Channel.
An apparatus comprising means for: receiving secondary radio link failure information, wherein the secondary radio link failure information is indicative of circumstances of a failure in a secondary radio link between a user equipment and at least one source secondary node while the user equipment was configured to conditionally access a target secondary node, and the user equipment is having dual connectivity with a source master node and a source secondary node; determining based, at least in part, on the received secondary radio link failure information at least one target primary cell of a secondary cell group, of the target secondary node, wherein the determined at least one target primary cell of a secondary cell group is to be included in information indicating at least one suggested target primary cell of a secondary cell group to be prepared by the target secondary node for conditional access by a user equipment; and transmitting information indicative of the determined at least one target primary cell of a secondary cell group, of the target secondary node.
A user equipment comprising means for: transmitting information indicating whether at least one measurement report for at least one target primary cell of a secondary cell group of a target secondary node, detectable by the user equipment at a time that a secondary radio link failure occurred at the user equipment while the user equipment was configured to conditionally access the target secondary node, had been transmitted by the user equipment since the user equipment was configured to conditionally access the target secondary node and prior to the secondary radio link failure occurring.
A method comprising: obtaining a binary image comprising a grid of binary data blocks (400); encoding pixels of said binary image with a continuous value range, wherein said continuous value range is determined by a predefined rate distortion cost function (402); determining a threshold for decoded pixel values of said continuous value range of the binary image, wherein the decoded pixel values equal to or greater than the threshold are reconstructed to a first binary state, and the decoded pixel values less than the threshold are reconstructed to a second binary state (404); adjusting said rate distortion cost function such that all decoded pixel values of said continuous value range are reconstructed to the same binary states as in the obtained binary image (406); and signalling said threshold to a receiver in or along a bitstream comprising said binary image and/or an associated 2D image data representation (408).
H04N 1/413 - Systems or arrangements allowing the picture to be reproduced without loss or modification of picture-information
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
H04N 19/147 - Data rate or code amount at the encoder output according to rate distortion criteria
H04N 19/192 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive
H04N 13/161 - Encoding, multiplexing or demultiplexing different image signal components
55.
PARAMETERIZATION-GUIDED PACKING OF DISPLACEMENTS FOR DYNAMIC MESH CODING
An example method includes: receiving, with an encoder for a frame of an input volumetric video mesh: a simplified base mesh with texture coordinates, a set of pre-computed displacements for a chosen subdivision method, and a texture frame; generating a static base mesh encoding that outputs a base mesh substream including encoded and quantized texture coordinates, and that generates an encoded static base mesh; decoding the encoded static base mesh, and generating a reconstructed dequantized base mesh and reconstructed texture coordinates; adapting the pre-computed displacements to the reconstructed dequantized base mesh with applying subdivision to the reconstructed dequantized base mesh; computing a remapping of the reconstructed texture coordinates to a regular grid based on a remapping technique to generate a displacement packing image; signaling metadata describing the remapping technique; and signaling a presence of collided vertices in the displacement packing image along the bitstream.
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
H04N 19/70 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
56.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR INTEGRATING NEURAL-NETWORK POST-FILTER SUPPLEMENTAL ENHANCEMENT INFORMATION WITH ISO BASE MEDIA FILE FORMAT
Various embodiments provide an apparatus, a method, and a computer program product. An example apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: store coded media data in a media track of a file; store information in the media track or in a second track associated with the media track; and indicate, in the file, the presence of the information in the media track or the second track with a sample group for the information, wherein the information comprises a neural network post filter (NNPF) supplemental enhancement information (SEI).
H04N 19/70 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
57.
METHODS, APPARATUSES AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCTS FOR IDENTIFYING AN ACCESS NETWORK NODE
There is provided a network apparatus configured to receive from a core network function a request to discover at least one access network node serving a user equipment, the request comprising a first user equipment identifier for identifying the user equipment in a core network; and use the user equipment identifier to provide to the core network function a second user equipment identifier identifying the user equipment in the access network, and at least one access network node identifier identifying at least one access network node in the access network that serves the user equipment.
This specification describes systems, apparatus and methods for deploying Tsetlin machine models on resource-constrained devices. According to a first aspect of this specification, there is described apparatus comprising: one or more sensors; at least one processor; and at least one memory with storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at to at least: collect one or more sets of sensor data using the one or more sensors; classify the one or more sets of sensor data using an encoded Tsetlin machine. The encoded Tsetlin machine comprises a compressed representation of a trained Tsetlin machine. The compressed representation is based on a number of exclude decisions of the trained Tsetlin machine being greater than a number of include decisions of the trained Tsetlin machine.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for supporting precision timing protocol (PTP) based time sensitive network (TSN) applications are provided. One method includes configuring, by a network node, a user equipment connection and user contests for an industrial automation and control (IAC) system or configuring at least one time synchronized radio bearer for a user equipment. The method may also include determining synchronization configuration on the at least one time synchronized radio bearer for the industrial automation and control (IAC) system, and distributing the synchronization configuration periodically or on a need basis to one or more serving network nodes for the industrial automation and control (IAC) system.
G05B 19/4155 - Numerical control (NC), i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by programme execution, i.e. part programme or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a programme
H04L 69/00 - Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
H04W 4/70 - Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
There is provided an apparatus, method and computer program for a network node comprising access to a pre-trained neural network node model, for causing the network node to: receive, from an apparatus, a request for a first plurality of embeddings associated with an intermediate layer of the neural network node model; and signal said first plurality of embeddings to the apparatus.
According to an example embodiment, a client device is configured to: obtain a signal sequence configuration defining a plurality of signal sequences, wherein each signal sequence in the plurality of signal sequences corresponds to an uplink transmission power level in a plurality of uplink transmission power levels; transmit the plurality of signal sequences according to the signal sequence configuration to a network node device; receive, from the network node device, an indication about an uplink transmission power level out of the plurality of uplink transmission power levels to be used for uplink transmission; and perform an uplink transmission using the indicated uplink transmission power level to the network node device.
H04W 52/14 - Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
62.
EFFICIENT METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GEO-AWARE PAGING ANALYTICS
The disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer code for one or more programs, the at least one memory and the computer code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: receive (600), from an analytics consumer, a request to produce paging analytics for a network region of interest, wherein producing the paging analytics include creating a list of one or more geographical areas within the network region of interest where a group of user equipment experience a paging issue; produce (602) paging analytics for the network region of interest; and send (604), to the analytics consumer, results of the paging analytics.
Devices, methods and computer programs for adjusting a client device receiver parameter are disclosed. A client device (200) transmits to a network node device (210) a first capability indication indicating at least a low-resolution analog-to-digital converter capability of the client device (200), and a second capability indication indicating whether the client device (200) is capable of receiving signal information associated with low-resolution receiver processing. Based on these, the network node device (210) may determine that adjusting at least one receiver parameter of the client device (200) is needed, generate and transmit network assistance information and signal information to the client device (200) for use in adjusting at least one receiver parameter of the client device (200). The client device (200) may then perform power measurements of the received signal information and adjust receiver parameter(s) of the client device (200) accordingly.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for event-triggered EMR reporting. One method may include receiving, at a user equipment, from a network entity, a measurement configuration for early measurement reporting. The measurement configuration may include at least one early measurement reporting event associated with the user equipment re-accessing the network entity. The method may further include transmitting, to the network entity, an early measurement reporting result.
Disclosed are devices, methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media for data rate adjustment. An example terminal device may include at least one processor and at least one memory.The at least one memory may store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the terminal device at least to perform: increasing a data rate from a first value to a second value; and transmitting to a network device, an indication indicating the data rate is increased.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to method of PDCCH mapping in SBFD slot. A network device determines validity of resources associated with a plurality of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) candidates, and transmits, to a terminal device, a PDCCH transmission on at least one PDCCH candidate with valid resources among the plurality of PDCCH candidates. The terminal device determines validity of resources associated with a plurality of PDCCH candidates and performs blind detection of PDCCH on a set of PDCCH candidates with valid resources among the plurality of PDCCH candidates. The solution enables the PDCCH channel estimation/detection is with high efficiency without any waste.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to handover enhancements. In response to receiving a first message from a third device, for initiating a handover related to a first device and a second device, the first device performs a handover procedure to a target cell indicated in the first message. The first device acts as a UE-to-network relay for the second device to communicate with the third device. The first device then transmits, to the second device, at least one indication based on the handover procedure. In this way, the remote UE is capable of applying different operations based on respective indications associated with a handover result. As a result, the operation of the remote UE can be aligned with the operation of the relay UE in case of performing the handover, and the system performance and reliability can be improved.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to PRS resource allocation for sidelink positioning. A first device receives a configuration indicating a first set of resources associated with PSFCH transmission. Resources in the first sets of resources occupy different frequency locations in different slots in a time period. The first device determines, at least based on the first set of resources, a second set of resources frequency-division-multiplexed with the first set of resources. Resources in the second set of resources in the different slots in the time period jointly occupy a bandwidth of a sidelink resource pool. The sidelink resource pool comprises the first set of resources and the second set of resources. The first device transmits or receives a PRS via a sidelink connection using the second set of resources. In this way, a large bandwidth for PRS transmission is ensured, and sidelink positioning performance is enhanced.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for setting up an indirect path as an additional path in cases where a relay user equipment may be in idle or inactive state, such as radio resource control idle/inactive are provided. For example, a method can include receiving, from a network element, a configuration of a relay user equipment container related to an addition to, or modification of, an indirect path between the apparatus and the network element. The method can also include indicating the relay user equipment container to a relay user equipment.
A user equipment comprising means for: receiving from a network node an indication to disable hybrid automatic request (HARQ) feedback for at least a downlink contention resolution message in a contention-based random-access procedure; and means for disabling, in dependence upon the received indication, hybrid automatic request (HARQ) feedback for at least a downlink contention resolution message in a contention-based random-access procedure.
There is provided an apparatus comprising: means for retrieving a configuration for a time window to perform network measurements in; means for associating the time window with a first receive element of a user equipment; and means for, during the time window, performing a network measurement using the associated first receive element and receiving downlink data using a second receive element of the user equipment.
An apparatus including at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: determine a virtual boundary that separates a picture, or a portion of the picture, into a first area and a second area; and determine to perform filtering of at least one pixel of the first area and not perform filtering of pixels of the second area; and filter the at least one pixel of the first area with coding information of the second area.
H04N 19/82 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals - Details of filtering operations specially adapted for video compression, e.g. for pixel interpolation involving filtering within a prediction loop
H04N 19/70 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
H04N 19/86 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving reduction of coding artifacts, e.g. of blockiness
Disclosed is a method comprising obtaining first information indicating a first time difference between a transmission of a wake-up signal from a first network node and a reception of a reference signal at the first network node; obtaining second information indicating a second time difference between a reception of the wake-up signal at a user device and a transmission of the reference signal from the user device; and estimating a position of the user device based at least partly on the first information and the second information.
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for sending a request message to one or more network nodes. The request message comprises a request for channel information related to one or more communication links of one or more second user devices. The apparatus comprises means for, based on the channel information, determining a first signalling configuration related to a positioning link of a first user device. The apparatus comprises means for sending the first signalling configuration to the first user device.
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
A method, comprising: generating a bitstream configured to define a six-degrees of freedom rendering, the bitstream comprising: a six degrees of freedom audio scene; and information configured to define at least one rendering mode, the information comprising: an identifier configured to identify the at least one rendering mode; and at least one rendering modification associated with the at least one rendering mode to be applied by a renderer when rendering the six degrees of freedom audio scene when the at least one rendering mode is selected at the renderer.
An apparatus performs identifying or detecting that simultaneous transmissions of at least two uplink channels from the apparatus are to be overlapped at least in part. The apparatus also performs managing the simultaneous transmissions of the at least two uplink channels based on the identification or detection. For two UL channels, these could be PUCCH, PUSCH, or PUCCH and PUCCH. The simultaneous transmissions could be from a UE to two (or more) TRPs. The applications of this include using a unified TCI framework.
H04B 7/0404 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
An apparatus comprising means for: receiving secondary radio link failure information, wherein the secondary radio link failure information is indicative of circumstances of a failure in a secondary radio link between a user equipment and at least one source secondary node while the user equipment was configured to conditionally access at least one target secondary node, and the user equipment is having dual connectivity with a source master node and a source secondary node; determining a plurality of suggested target primary cells of a secondary cell group to be prepared by the at least one target secondary node for conditional access by a user equipment; determining, based at least in part on the received secondary radio link failure information, assistance information, wherein the assistance information assists the at least one target secondary node in determining which at least one of the plurality of suggested target primary cells of a secondary cell group is to be prepared by the at least one target secondary node for conditional access by a user equipment; and transmitting, directly or indirectly, information indicative of the plurality of suggested target primary cells of a secondary cell group and the determined assistance information to the at least one target secondary node.
According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for performing the following. The apparatus receives, from a first radio access network node, a network slice to network slice access stratum group mapping of a second cell being a target cell of a handover. The second cell is provided by a second radio access network node. The apparatus determines a network slice access stratum group for accessing the second cell based on the network slice to network slice access stratum group mapping of the second cell. The apparatus selects a random access channel resource for accessing the second cell based on the network slice access stratum group and accesses the second cell using the random access channel resource.
A method comprising: receiving an image block unit of a frame, the image block unit comprising samples in color channels, wherein the color channels comprise at least one chrominance channel and one luminance channel (1200); reconstructing samples of said luminance channels of the image block unit (1202); determining a reference area for predicting target samples of at least one color channel of the image block unit, wherein said reference area comprises one or more of reference samples in a neighboring block in a current color channel/frame, in the neighboring of a co-located block in a reference color channel/frame; and/or inside the co-located block in the reference color channel/frame (1204); determining gradient value(s) and/or location value(s) of the spatial samples in said reference area to be used in a cross-component prediction model (1206); and predicting said target samples of at least one color channel of the image block unit using the cross-component prediction model based on at least said gradient value(s) and/or said location value(s) of the spatial samples in said reference area (1208).
H04N 19/186 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
H04N 19/593 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
H04N 19/105 - Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
H04N 19/11 - Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
H04N 19/85 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
H04N 19/167 - Position within a video image, e.g. region of interest [ROI]
H04N 19/176 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
H04N 19/147 - Data rate or code amount at the encoder output according to rate distortion criteria
80.
PATH SWITCHING IN USER EQUIPMENT TO USER EQUIPMENT RELAY
A method may include monitoring, by a source user equipment communicating with a destination user equipment by an indirect communication path via a relay user equipment, sidelink control information from the relay user equipment. The method may also include determining a first set of conditions and a second set of conditions based on the sidelink control information received from the relay user equipment. The method may further include transmitting, when the first set of conditions is met, at least one of a first sidelink message to the destination user equipment according to a first pattern, or a second sidelink message to the relay user equipment according to a second pattern. In addition, the method may include monitoring a sidelink feedback from the destination user equipment to the relay user equipment when the second set of conditions is met according to a third pattern.
Disclosed is a method comprising determining available resources in a resource pool based at least partly on channel sensing or channel occupancy information; creating, based on the available resources, a set of candidate resources comprising one or more first resources suitable for a first transmission from a first device to a second device, and one or more second resources suitable for a second transmission from the second device to the first device or to a third device; selecting a subset of resources from the set of candidate resources, wherein the subset of resources comprises at least one first resource for the first transmission and at least one second resource for the second transmission; and transmitting the first transmission to the second device in the at least one first resource, wherein the first transmission indicates the at least one second resource for the second transmission from the second device.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for providing scheduling flexibility between transmission configuration indicator states for data reception and RRM measurements for multi-Rx chain UE. One method may include transmitting, to a network entity, a measurement timing configuration; and receiving a sharing factor associated with the measurement timing configuration. The sharing factor indicates a sharing pattern associated with a first spatial receive element performing radio resource management measurements, and a second spatial receive element configured to receive data without scheduling restrictions.
A method may include monitoring, by a source user equipment communicating with a destination user equipment by an indirect communication path via a relay user equipment, sidelink control information from the relay user equipment. The method may also include determining a first set of conditions and a second set of conditions based on the sidelink control information received from the relay user equipment. The method may further include transmitting, when the first set of conditions is met, at least one of a first sidelink message to the destination user equipment according to a first pattern, or a second sidelink message to the relay user equipment according to a second pattern. In addition, the method may include monitoring a sidelink feedback from the destination user equipment to the relay user equipment when the second set of conditions is met according to a third pattern.
H04W 40/08 - Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on transmission power
H04W 40/12 - Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
Example embodiments may relate to an apparatus, method and/or computer program for managing timing advance loops. The method may comprise receiving, at a user equipment from a plurality of network nodes, respective downlink reference signals, wherein an antenna system of the user equipment receives the downlink reference signals using a wide beam configuration. The method may also comprise performing measurements on the received downlink reference signals to determine a parameter and for determining that the parameter does not meet a predetermined criteria. Based on the parameter not meeting the predetermined criteria, the method may comprise configuring the antenna system such that at least one of the downlink reference signals is received using a narrow beam configuration. The method may involve re-performing the measurements on downlink reference signals from the plurality of network nodes. Based on the parameter meeting the predetermined criteria, it may be determined that transmission of candidate uplink signals, from the user equipment to the at least one of the plurality of network nodes, can be grouped into one timing advance loop.
The disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising including at least one processor and at least one memory including computer code for one or more programs, the at least one memory and the computer code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: obtain user equipment information indicating whether a user equipment served by the apparatus would need repetitions of a reference signal transmitted by a target base station to successfully select a receiving beam aligned with a transmitting beam in a beam management procedure with the target base station; and send, to the target base station, the user equipment information.
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04L 1/18 - Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for for, at a user equipment configured to transmit precoded signals using receive beamformers as transmit precoders over at least one of a plurality of transmission occasions and multiple antenna subsets, receiving configuration parameters, from a network node, for at least one of the precoded signals and the transmit precoders, determining power scaling values based on the configuration parameters, performing power scaling of the transmit precoders using the determined power scaling values, providing an indication to the network node of the determined power scaling values and performing transmission of precoded signals using the transmit precoders scaled by the determined power scaling values.
H04W 52/42 - TPC being performed in particular situations in systems with time, space, frequency or polarisation diversity
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
Example embodiments may relate to controlling re-training of a machine learning (ML) model deployed at a device. A method may comprise: performing, by a device associated with a communication network, a task with a ML model to obtain an output, wherein the output is configured to be used for performance of a network operation of the communication network; receiving, from an access node of the communication network, feedback data indicative of a cause of a failure of the network operation; and determining, based on the feedback data, to perform at least one of the following: re-training the machine learning model for performing the task, updating at least one parameter of a non-machine learning algorithm associated with performance of the task with the machine learning model, refraining from re-training the machine learning model, or refraining from updating the at least one parameter of the non-machine learning algorithm.
Examples of the disclosure relate to position determination using one or more reflectors. In examples of the disclosure an apparatus can be configured to transmit information relating to one or more reflectors within a scattering environment to a network apparatus. The information relating to the one or more reflectors can be used by the network apparatus to enable signals reflected from the one or more reflectors to be used for a position determination.
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
G01S 5/00 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus, such as a user equipment, configured at least to process a measurement instruction received in the apparatus from a cellular communication system, based on the measurement instruction, measure a received signal strength of a signal from each cell of a first cell set and each cell of a second cell set, the first cell set and the second cell set comprising cells of the cellular communication system, and determine a first signal strength value for the first cell set and a second signal strength value for the second cell set, and report to the cellular communication system a value obtained from the first signal strength value and the second signal strength value.
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
G01S 5/00 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
90.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SENSING AND COMMUNICATIONS
A method, apparatus and computer program is described comprising: receiving a first transmission from an antenna, the first transmission comprising a first carrier including a first signal and a second carrier including a second signal, wherein the first and second carriers are separated in frequency within a first operational band; splitting the first transmission into a first channel and a second channel; downconverting the first channel to centre the first carrier at a baseband frequency to extract the first signal; downconverting the second channel to centre the second carrier at the baseband frequency to extract the second signal; and providing the first signal to a first processor and the second signal to a second processor; wherein the first and second processors are associated with first and second subscriber identity modules respectively.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising storing, by an apparatus, one or more key information elements, wherein each key information element comprises a stored key identifier and a stored key or a certificate, receiving by the apparatus, from a requesting network function, a request message comprising a first field and a second field, wherein the first field comprises an instance identity of the requesting network function and the second field comprises the instance identity of the requesting network function, and the first field is unprotected and the second field is protected with the key or the certificate, determining by the apparatus the key or the certificate used for protecting the second field, validating by the apparatus the second field using the key or the certificate, validating by the apparatus the request message when the instance identity of the requesting network function in the first field matches with the instance identity of the requesting network function in the validated second field and transmitting by the apparatus, after a successful validation of the second field and the request message, a response to the requesting network function.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
92.
METHOD OF PROVIDING ACCESS FOR REDUCED CAPABILITY DEVICES, USER EQUIPMENT, AND BASE STATION THEREOF
The method at the user equipment (UE) includes first receiving authorization information, the authorization information including configuration data for reduced capability (REDCAP) devices in the communication network, second receiving system information from at least one first base station serving a first cell, the system information including information specific to a device category associated with the UE, determining access information for the first cell, based at least in part on the system information and the authorization information, and accessing the first cell, or identifying a second cell. The user equipment and the base station are configured to perform the method, thereof.
An apparatus comprising: means for measuring a downlink reference signal received from an access node (500); means for selecting an antenna panel of the user equipment receiving the best quality downlink reference signal from a primary angular direction to be used for a connection to the access node (502); means for detecting a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) event (504); means for measuring, under MPE power restrictions, the best downlink reference signal received from the access node (506); means for determining that under the MPE power restrictions the best quality downlink reference signal is received at least from a different secondary angular direction than the primary angular direction of the best quality downlink reference signal (508); means for measuring a propagation delay difference between the best quality downlink reference signal received from the primary angular direction and the best quality downlink reference signal received from the secondary angular direction (510); and means for sending, upon detecting that the propagation delay difference exceeding a predetermined threshold, an indication to the access node (514).
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for uplink (UL) sounding reference signal (SRS) resource configuration may be provided. UL SRS resource configuration and related transmission procedures for intra-slot and inter-slot time bundling of one or more resources may be provided. In this regard, transmission bandwidth and/or repetition factors may be adapted for SRS occasions. The adaptation may be performed across an SRS bandwidth, and on an intra-slot or inter-slot basis.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to indication of cell status. A first device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program codes; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program codes are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first device to: determine a cell status of a deactivated cell, the cell status being a known status or an unknown status; and indicate the cell status to a second device.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to handling of RTD of intra-band carriers. A first device receives, from a second device, an indication indicating that information of a RTD relevant to a first cell and a serving cell is to be reported, the first cell being non-co-located with the serving cell in a frequency band. The first device transmits the information of the RTD to the second device. In this way, information of RTD of a non-co-located cell may be indicated to a network for optimization of network scheduling and system performance.
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for determining, at a first device, position information associated with an object of interest and providing, from the first device, a discovery message for device to device communication, wherein the discovery message comprises the position information.
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
98.
METHOD AND APPARATUS RELATED TO DIGITAL CERTIFICATE CERTIFYING CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY FOR AN ENTITY IMPLEMENTING ONE OR MORE NETWORK FUNCTIONS OF A CORE NETWORK FOR A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
There are provided method, comprising: receiving, at a first entity implementing at least a first network function of a core network for a mobile communication system, a digital certificate certifying a cryptographic key for the first entity; wherein the digital certificate indicates one or more purposes for which the digital certificate certifies the cryptographic key; and sending the digital certificate from the first entity to a second entity implementing at least a second network function of the core network for the mobile communication system.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for a handover interruption time reduction through data reception on a source cell during a handover procedure are provided. For example, a method can include receiving a gap allocation configuration at a user equipment from a network. The method can also include preparing for a handover to a target cell during a gap according to the gap allocation.
A method comprising: decoding (500) encoded samples of blocks of video sample data; determining (502) two or more support regions for a block of video sample data, wherein each support region comprises a set of reconstructed samples at predetermined locations with respect to said block of video sample data; performing (504), for each support region, a decoder-side intra mode derivation process to obtain decoder-side intra mode derivation parameters specific to each support region; and computing (506), based on the decoder-side intra mode derivation parameters specific to each support region, a prediction for the samples of the block of video sample data.
H04N 19/593 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
H04N 19/11 - Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
H04N 19/176 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
