Hitachi, Ltd.

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[Owner] Hitachi, Ltd. 55
Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. 2
Hitachi Engineering & Services Co., Ltd. 1
Date
2023 1
2021 1
2020 1
2019 2
Before 2019 37
IPC Class
G05B 19/048 - Monitoring; Safety 6
B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides 5
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents 3
G05B 19/02 - Programme-control systems electric 3
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors 3
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Status
Pending 4
Registered / In Force 51
Found results for  patents

1.

CORE FOR STATIONARY ELECTROMAGNETIC APPARATUS

      
Document Number 03199067
Status Pending
Filing Date 2023-05-09
Open to Public Date 2023-11-30
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Kobayashi, Chie
  • Kurita, Naoyuki
  • Yamaguchi, Kohei
  • Ogi, Mizuki

Abstract

Provided is a core for a stationary electromagnetic apparatus, in which a compressive stress load in the laminating direction of amorphous thin strips that form an amorphous core is suppressed so that noise generated by magnetostrictive vibration is reduced while maintaining a space factor of the amorphous core. The core for a stationary electromagnetic apparatus according to the present invention includes: a laminated body formed of amorphous metal thin strips; and a holding member that holds the laminated body, in which a width of the holding member is equal to or more than a width of the laminated body in a laminating direction.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H01F 3/04 - Cores, yokes or armatures made from strips or ribbons

2.

DISTANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND DISTANCE MEASUREMENT METHOD

      
Document Number 03146353
Status Pending
Filing Date 2020-06-11
Open to Public Date 2021-02-11
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Hariyama, Tatsuo
  • Watanabe, Masahiro
  • Taniguchi, Atsushi
  • Maruno, Kenji

Abstract

According to the present invention, a measured distance is corrected in accordance with change in the surrounding environment. This distance measurement system is characterized by comprising: a first light-receiving unit in which one part of a split light beam is irradiated at an object as assessment light and reflected by the object, the first light-receiving unit receiving the light and detecting a target assessment beat signal; a second light-receiving unit in which the other part of the split light beam is guided as reference light to a reference optical path serving as a distance reference, the second light-receiving unit receiving the reference light that has passed through the reference optical path, and detecting a reference optical path assessment beat signal; a distance measurement unit for measuring the distance to the object on the basis of the target assessment beat signal and the reference optical path assessment beat signal; a temperature sensor for assessing the temperature in the periphery of the reference optical path; and a correction unit for correcting the measured distance on the basis of the assessed temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G01B 9/02003 - Interferometers characterised by controlling or generating intrinsic radiation properties using two or more frequencies using beat frequencies
  • G01B 9/02056 - Passive reduction of errors

3.

SHAPE MEASURING SYSTEM AND SHAPE MEASURING METHOD

      
Document Number 03127579
Status In Force
Filing Date 2020-02-13
Open to Public Date 2020-08-27
Grant Date 2023-08-01
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Hariyama, Tatsuo
  • Watanabe, Masahiro
  • Taniguchi, Atsushi
  • Maruno, Kenji
  • Yazaki, Akio

Abstract

A shape of an object is measured with a high degree of accuracy. A shape measurement system comprises: a distance measuring head for irradiating an object with light and receiving light reflected from the object; a distance measuring device for generating a distance detection waveform on the basis of the reflected light; and a control device for analyzing the distance detection waveform and calculating a measured distance value to the object. The shape measurement system is characterized in that the control device calculates a feature amount of the distance detection waveform and performs at least one of a process of correcting an error in the measured distance value by substituting the feature amount into a correction formula and a process of performing a confidence weighting of an error in the measured distance value by substituting the feature amount into a confidence weighting formula.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G01B 11/24 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

4.

CULTURE VESSEL AND CELL CULTURE DEVICE

      
Document Number 03094825
Status Pending
Filing Date 2019-03-22
Open to Public Date 2019-09-26
Owner
  • SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO., LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Tsukada, Ryohei
  • Yakabe, Toru
  • Okubo, Haruo
  • Kiyama, Masaharu
  • Kato, Midori
  • Saito, Hikaru

Abstract

A culture vessel is provided which can suppress foaming in the culture medium when a common nozzle is used to supply a liquid culture medium and a gas together. This culture vessel 100 is provided with: a vessel body 2 which has an opening 24A that communicates with a housing space 1; a lid 8 which closes the opening 24A; and a nozzle 4 which, for supplying a liquid culture medium 98 and a gas together, passes through the lid 8 to the housing space 1. The nozzle 4 has a vent opening 43 which is formed so as to open in the side wall 45 of the nozzle 4 and which is a path for gas to move from inside of the nozzle 4 into the housing space 1.

IPC Classes  ?

  • C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
  • C12M 3/00 - Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus

5.

ALERT ANALYSIS SERVER AND METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOF

      
Document Number 03074663
Status Pending
Filing Date 2018-08-13
Open to Public Date 2019-08-29
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Mimura, Nodoka
  • Tsushima, Yuji
  • Ikegami, Kozo

Abstract

Provided is an analysis device comprising a processor and a storage device for storing a forecast model formula for forecasting a result with regard to factors of a group of events. The processor executes: a forecast error computation process for computing, on the basis of a first forecast value obtained by applying to the forecast model formula a first frequency of occurrence with regard to factors of a first event from among the group of events and a result associated with the first frequency of occurrence, a forecast error of the first forecast value; and an error factor extraction process for extracting an error factor of the forecast error from among the factors of the first event on the basis of a correlation between a second frequency of occurrence with regard to factors of a second event from among the group of events and the forecast error computed by the forecast error computation process.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
  • G06F 21/55 - Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures

6.

DISTANCE MEASURING DEVICE AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPE MEASURING APPARATUS

      
Document Number 03053315
Status In Force
Filing Date 2018-05-22
Open to Public Date 2018-12-13
Grant Date 2021-08-17
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Watanabe, Masahiro
  • Hariyama, Tatsuo
  • Taniguchi, Atsushi
  • Maruno, Kenji

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feature with which it is possible to reduce the size of a measurement part in a distance measurement device. This distance measurement device is characterized in that: there are provided a light-emitting unit that outputs measurement light, a polarization state control unit that controls the polarization of the measurement light outputted from the light-emitting unit, and an optical path switching element that selectively radiates the measurement light controlled by the polarization state control unit; the polarization state control unit controls the polarization so that the measurement light is radiated toward a plurality of directions from the optical path switching element; and the optical path switching element takes in light reflected by an object due to the measurement light radiated from the optical path switching element, the reflected light being used in measuring the distance to the object.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G01B 11/00 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
  • G01B 11/24 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
  • G01C 3/06 - Use of electric means to obtain final indication

7.

ONLINE HIERARCHICAL ENSEMBLE OF LEARNERS FOR ACTIVITY TIME PREDICTION IN OPEN PIT MINING

      
Document Number 02992053
Status In Force
Filing Date 2018-01-16
Open to Public Date 2018-08-24
Grant Date 2024-01-02
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ristovski, Kosta
  • Gupta, Chetan

Abstract

Example implementations described herein are directed to vehicle scheduling and management, and in particular for estimation of travel times and other activity times. Example implementations can be used to achieve improved vehicle scheduling and utilization based on the provision of accurate expected activity times. Example implementations are further directed to the integration of predictors to provide an estimation of activity time.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G06Q 10/0631 - Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
  • G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
  • G06Q 50/02 - Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
  • G06N 20/00 - Machine learning
  • G07C 5/00 - Registering or indicating the working of vehicles

8.

PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM, MAINTENANCE SUPPORT DEVICE, AND CONTROLLER

      
Document Number 02926352
Status In Force
Filing Date 2016-04-07
Open to Public Date 2016-10-28
Grant Date 2019-05-14
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INDUSTRY & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ishikawa, Kenji
  • Horikoshi, Yu
  • Ootsuka, Yuusaku

Abstract

In the case where a controller revises a control program for controlling a control target process, a new identification sign having a larger value than used identification signs is applied to a revised component and a component affected by the revised component. Further, a control program distribution unit is included which distributes, to the controller, a maximum value of the identification signs applied to components of the revised control program, as an identification sign of the revised control program.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
  • G05B 19/18 - Numerical control (NC), i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form

9.

CONTROL SYSTEM AND INFORMATION MONITORING METHOD IN CONTROL SYSTEM

      
Document Number 02926359
Status In Force
Filing Date 2016-04-07
Open to Public Date 2016-10-24
Grant Date 2018-01-30
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ishihara, Youichi
  • Uemura, Kazunori
  • Ootsuka, Yuusaku

Abstract

A control system of the present invention includes a plurality of information acquisition apparatuses configured to acquire maintenance management information pieces having a unit of a predetermined time period, and a control apparatus configured to collect maintenance management information pieces from the information acquisition apparatuses. The information acquisition apparatuses each includes a first storage unit configured to store acquired maintenance management information, and a second storage unit forming a pair with the first storage unit. The maintenance management information stored in the first storage unit is saved into the second storage unit in response to a save command from the control apparatus. After maintenance management information pieces are saved from a first storage unit into a second storage unit in all of the information acquisition apparatuses, the control apparatus collects the maintenance management info/mation pieces saved in the second storage unit, from the respective information acquisition apparatuses.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 19/048 - Monitoring; Safety
  • G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors

10.

SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATOR

      
Document Number 02897553
Status In Force
Filing Date 2015-07-15
Open to Public Date 2016-03-26
Grant Date 2017-03-21
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Sano, Tadashi
  • Matsuzawa, Mitsuhiro
  • Sekiya, Sachio
  • Kokugan, Yoko

Abstract

A solid-liquid separator separates a solid-liquid mixture into solids and liquids respectively independently by using a substance that is a gas at ambient temperature and becomes a liquid at a saturated vapor pressure or higher. The solid-liquid separator includes a compressor configured to compress the substance, a cooler configured to liquefy the substance, an accumulator configured to store the liquefied substance, a valve configured to regulate the flow of the liquefied substance, a sprayer configured to spray liquefied gas as droplets, a processing tank configured to contain the mixture and including the sprayer at an upper portion, a filter configured to prevent the solid from flowing out of the processing tank, and a vaporizer configured to vaporize the substance from a liquid mixture flowed out from the processing tank. An upper space of the inside of the processing tank is filled with the gaseous substance.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 21/00 - Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation

11.

CO2 REMOVAL DEVICE

      
Document Number 02941022
Status In Force
Filing Date 2015-07-08
Open to Public Date 2016-01-14
Grant Date 2019-04-23
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Yoshikawa, Kouhei
  • Kaneeda, Masato
  • Nakamura, Hidehiro
  • Shirasaka, Toshiaki

Abstract

A CO 2 removal device according to the present invention comprises: a CO 2 capturing material which captures H2O and CO 2 in a gas; a reaction container which contains the CO 2 capturing material; an H2O measuring unit for measuring the concentration of H2O in the gas; an H2O concentration adjustment device which adjusts the concentration of H2O on the basis of information obtained by the H2O measuring unit; a gas introduction path for introducing the gas into the reaction container from the H2O concentration adjustment device and bringing the gas into contact with the CO 2 capturing material; a first gas discharge path for discharging the gas from the reaction container after the gas has been brought into contact with the CO 2 capturing material; and a second gas discharge path for discharging the gas that has been desorbed from the CO 2 capturing material from the reaction container. The invention thus allows for the reduction of energy consumption in removing CO 2.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption
  • B01D 53/06 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents
  • B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
  • B01D 53/81 - Solid phase processes
  • B01D 53/82 - Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
  • B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
  • B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
  • B01J 20/06 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group
  • B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
  • B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J 20/18 - Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
  • B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes

12.

HEAT EXCHANGER AND HEAT TRANSFER TUBE OF THE HEAT EXCHANGER

      
Document Number 02876875
Status In Force
Filing Date 2014-12-30
Open to Public Date 2015-09-30
Grant Date 2017-06-13
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Tamura, Akinori
  • Ishida, Naoyuki
  • Kito, Kazuaki

Abstract

According to the invention, there are provided a liquid film removal structure joined to a tubular structure, and a liquid film flowing-down assistance structure arranged between the tubular structure and an adjacent tubular structure and in parallel to the tubular structure.

IPC Classes  ?

  • F28F 13/04 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by preventing the formation of continuous films of condensate on heat-exchange surfaces, e.g. by promoting droplet formation
  • F28B 9/08 - Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
  • F28F 1/30 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being attachable to the element

13.

SOLID/LIQUID SEPARATION APPARATUS, AND METHOD FOR SAME

      
Document Number 02919612
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-08-02
Open to Public Date 2015-02-05
Grant Date 2017-09-19
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Sano, Tadashi
  • Sekiya, Sachio

Abstract

Provided is a solid/liquid separation apparatus utilizing a cycle of changes in state of a substance (A) that can dissolve water and oil, wherein the solid/liquid separation apparatus has reduced frequency of maintenance, and allows the charged amount of substance (A) within cycles to be easily controlled. This solid/liquid separation apparatus, employing a substance (A) that can dissolve water and oil, brings the substance (A) while in the liquid state into contact with a treated material composed of a mixture of water and a solid, oil and a solid, or water, oil, and a solid, and then brings about dewatering and deoiling of the treated material by vaporizing the substance (A), and is characterized by being provided with: a substance (B) that circulates while giving rise to changes in state within a closed system; a compressor for compressing the substance (B); a first heat exchanger for exchange of condensation heat of the substance (B) and vaporization heat of the substance (A); an expansion valve for depressurizing the condensed substance (B); a second heat exchanger for exchange of vaporization heat of the substance (B) and condensation heat of the substance (A); a treatment tank for condensing the vaporized substance (A) in the second heat exchanger while separating water or oil in the first heat exchanger, and mixing the liquid substance (A) with the treated material; and a pump situated on the pipeline in which the liquid substance (A) is present.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 12/00 - Displacing liquid, e.g. from wet solids or from dispersions of liquids or from solids in liquids, by means of another liquid
  • B01D 11/02 - Solvent extraction of solids
  • B01D 15/00 - Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
  • B01J 20/34 - Regenerating or reactivating
  • C02F 11/00 - Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor

14.

FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND POWER GENERATION FACILITY

      
Document Number 02902306
Status In Force
Filing Date 2014-03-03
Open to Public Date 2014-09-18
Grant Date 2021-08-31
Owner
  • TODA CORPORATION (Japan)
  • KYOTO UNIVERSITY (Japan)
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Sato, Iku
  • Asano, Hitoshi
  • Utsunomiya, Tomoaki
  • Yoshida, Shigeo

Abstract

There is provided a spar-type floating offshore wind power generation facility that suppresses a reduction in pcwer generation efficiency caused by tilting of a tower, suppresses rotational motion (yaw motion) arcund a vertical axis, prevents a ship from coming into contact with a mooring cable, and, at the same time, appropriately holds the tilted posture state of the tower. A floating offshore wind power generation facility 1 includes a floating body 2, a mooring cable 3, a tower 4, and a windmill 5 installed at the top of the tower 4, the windmill 5 including a nacelle 6 and a plurality of blades 7. The rotation axis of the windmill 5 has a predetermined upward angle to avoid contact between the blades 7 and the tower 4, and the windmill 5 is of a downwind type in which the blades 7 are attached to the leeward side of the nacelle 6 and installed with the back surfaces of the blades 7 facing windward, and the mooring point of the mooring cable 3 to the floating body 2 is set at a position below the surface of the sea and higher than the center of gravity of the floating body 2.

IPC Classes  ?

  • F03D 13/25 - Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
  • F03D 9/25 - Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
  • B63B 5/14 - Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
  • B63B 35/44 - Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices

15.

CO2 RECOVERY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME

      
Document Number 02894486
Status In Force
Filing Date 2012-12-13
Open to Public Date 2014-06-19
Grant Date 2017-08-01
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Yoshikawa, Kohei
  • Sato, Hiroki
  • Kaneeda, Masato

Abstract

A CO2 recovery system is provided with a CO2 sorbing unit having a sorbent container filled with a solid CO2 sorbent, a heat transfer part for heating and cooling the CO2 sorbent, a first pipe for introducing CO2 containing gas into the sorbent container, a third pipe for introducing water vapor into the heat transfer part to desorb CO2 from the CO2 sorbent, a fifth pipe for introducing cooling water into the heat transfer part, a sixth pipe for discharging condensed water from the heat transfer part, the condensed water being generated when the water vapor is introduced into the heat transfer part, and a first valve for controlling a flow rate of the condensed water flowing through the sixth pipe, a retention container for retaining the condensed water discharged from the heat transfer part, an eighth pipe for discharging the condensed water from the retention container, a second valve for controlling a flow rate of the condensed water flowing through the eighth pipe, and a flowmeter for measuring the flow rate of the condensed water flowing through the eighth pipe.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
  • B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

16.

CO2 CAPTURING MATERIAL AND CO2 SEPARATION AND RECOVERY DEVICE

      
Document Number 02833983
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-11-21
Open to Public Date 2014-06-10
Grant Date 2016-03-22
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Yoshikawa, Kohei
  • Sato, Hiroki
  • Kaneeda, Masato
  • Kanno, Shuichi

Abstract

A CO2 separation and recovery device capable of separating and recovering CO2 from a CO2-containing gas containing steam using a porous complex is provided. A CO2 separation and recovery method, in which CO2 is separated and recovered from a CO2-containing gas using a CO2 capturing material is also provided. The CO2 capturing material includes a compound containing an organic molecule. The method includes the steps of: capturing CO2 by allowing the CO2-containing gas to flow through a CO2 capturing material container packed with the CO2 capturing material; heating the CO2 capturing material to desorb and recover CO2; and cooling the CO2 capturing material. The method further includes, before the step of capturing CO2, the step of decreasing the steam concentration in the CO2-containing gas, and in the step of capturing CO2, CO2 is removed by allowing the CO2-containing gas after decreasing the steam concentration to flow through the CO2 capturing material container.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
  • B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography

17.

SOLID CO2 ADSORBENT MATERIAL SYSTEM

      
Document Number 02830623
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-10-22
Open to Public Date 2014-05-08
Grant Date 2016-03-22
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Orita, Hisayuki
  • Mukaide, Masaaki
  • Yoshida, Noriko
  • Kaneeda, Masato
  • Sato, Hiroki
  • Yoshikawa, Kohei

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a solid CO2 adsorbent material system, which recovers CO2 using a solid adsorbent material and enables efficient heat recovery and reduction in the amount of heat used. A solid CO2 adsorbent material system includes: a boiler which burns a fossil fuel to generate steam and exhaust gas; steam turbines which are driven by the steam; a condenser which condenses the steam after driving the steam turbines; a deaerator and feed water heaters which heat water condensed by the condenser using steam of the steam turbines; and a packed tower in which a solid adsorbent material for adsorbing CO2 is placed and CO2 in the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the solid adsorbent material when the exhaust gas is supplied thereto. To the packed tower, water condensed by the condenser is supplied as a heat transfer medium. The water as a heat transfer medium transfers heat to the solid adsorbent material in a non-contact manner to cool the solid adsorbent material having CO2 adsorbed thereon, and then is discharged from the packed tower and supplied to the feed water heaters or the deaerator.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
  • B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • F23J 15/02 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material

18.

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM, BACKUP POWER SUPPLY, DATA CENTER INSTALLATION METHOD, POWER GENERATION SYSTEM CONTROLLER, POWER SYSTEM, AND POWER GENERATION SYSTEM OPERATING METHOD

      
Document Number 02831361
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-10-28
Open to Public Date 2014-04-30
Grant Date 2016-10-04
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Tobe, Sumito
  • Inage, Shinichi
  • Toyota, Masashi
  • Tsurugai, Mitsuo
  • Akatsu, Tohru
  • Imai, Mika

Abstract

Disclosed is a power generation system having a power generation facility based on renewable energy, a first storage battery to be charged with electrical power supplied from the power generation facility, a second storage battery for supplying electrical power to a power system, a connection switching device for switching the first storage battery and the second storage battery, and a controller for controlling the connection switching device. The controller controls switching the connection switching device at a switching timing that is determined in accordance with a predicted amount of electrical power generation by the power generation facility and with a predicted demand of the power system. Thus, it becomes possible to effectively use the output of renewable energy including its variation, and supply electrical power in accordance with the electrical power demand of users by discharging the storage battery.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
  • H02J 15/00 - Systems for storing electric energy

19.

CO2 CAPTURE SYSTEM

      
Document Number 02828548
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-09-26
Open to Public Date 2014-04-24
Grant Date 2016-06-28
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Sato, Hiroki
  • Yoshikawa, Kohei
  • Kaneeda, Masato

Abstract

The possibility that a circulating water system is contaminated with a dissolved CO2 sorbent to affect an instrument by deposition of the CO2 sorbent somewhere in the circulating water system is to be significantly reduced. A CO2 capture system includes a CO2 sorbent, a CO2 absorption tower having the CO2 sorbent encapsulated therein, and a channel for recovering water condensed in the CO2 absorption tower in a circulating water system, and uses steam gas for regenerating the CO2 sorbent, wherein a unit configured to reduce the outflow of the CO2 sorbent to the circulating water system is provided.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
  • B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
  • B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides

20.

INPUT/OUTPUT UNIT AND CONTROL SYSTEM

      
Document Number 02818367
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-06-11
Open to Public Date 2013-12-13
Grant Date 2015-11-17
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Shimizu, Toshiki
  • Uemura, Kazunori
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro

Abstract

An input/output unit includes: an input/output device that transmits, in response to a control request frame, a control response frame to a control device; a first conversion device that is included in a first system communication path and converts the control request frame to an electrical signal; a second conversion device that is included in the first system communication path and converts the control response frame to an optical signal; a third conversion device that is included in a second system communication path and converts the control response frame to an optical signal; and a fourth conversion device that is included in the second system communication path and converts the control request frame to an electrical signal. The third conversion device obtains a reception status at the first conversion device and transmits the reception status to the control device.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 9/03 - Safety arrangements electric with multiple-channel loop, i.e. redundant control systems
  • G05B 15/02 - Systems controlled by a computer electric
  • G05B 23/00 - Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof

21.

MAP DATA CREATION DEVICE, AUTONOMOUS MOVEMENT SYSTEM AND AUTONOMOUS MOVEMENT CONTROL DEVICE

      
Document Number 02869374
Status In Force
Filing Date 2012-04-05
Open to Public Date 2013-10-10
Grant Date 2019-04-16
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ono, Yukihiko
  • Yamamoto, Kenjiro
  • Ichinose, Ryoko
  • Oshima, Akira

Abstract

The invention is intended to be able to generate map data even if a location not suited for identification of a matching position exists. A map data creation device creates map data, the map data being used for autonomous movement by a vehicle (1a), a vehicle (1b) and/or other vehicles (1), based on a relative position of the vehicle (1b) which exists around the vehicle (1a), relative to the vehicle (1a), the relative position being measured by the vehicle (1a), and object shape data of an object which exists around the vehicle (1b), the object shape being measured by the vehicle (1b). Moreover, the relative position of the vehicle (1b) relative to the vehicle (1a) is calculated based on the object shape data measured by the vehicle (1a).

IPC Classes  ?

  • G01C 21/00 - Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups

22.

POWER DEMAND ADJUSTMENT SYSTEM AND POWER DEMAND ADJUSTMENT METHOD

      
Document Number 02860743
Status In Force
Filing Date 2012-02-02
Open to Public Date 2013-08-08
Grant Date 2017-11-14
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Watanabe, Tohru
  • Yuasa, Naohiro
  • Tsuyuzaki, Masao
  • Kobayashi, Nobuhisa
  • Tada, Masao
  • Ootake, Yuuichi
  • Tsuchiya, Chiemi
  • Utsumi, Masato

Abstract

Technique is provided in which, with respect to adjustment of power use of a customer belonging to an agent, a result of the amount of adjustment pertaining to the agent is to calculated. A power demand adjustment system for adjusting power demand of a customer who concludes a power use contract via an agent, this power demand adjustment system including: an acquisition unit that acquires facility information indicating a customer facility for power use, and result information indicating a result of the power use of the customer; and a calculation unit that calculates, on the basis of the acquired facility information and the acquired result information, an actual adjustment amount, which is the result of power demand adjustment pertaining to the agent.

IPC Classes  ?

23.

CO2 SEPARATION UNIT

      
Document Number 02858307
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-01-15
Open to Public Date 2013-07-25
Grant Date 2017-08-29
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Yoshikawa, Kohei
  • Sato, Hiroki
  • Kaneeda, Masato
  • Kanno, Shuichi
  • Orita, Hisayuki

Abstract

A CO2 separation unit for recovering CO2 from a CO2-containing gas by using a solid CO2 capturing material, in which the amount of used steam is decreased. The unit comprises a capturing material container having a CO2 capturing material for capturing CO2. A pipeline introduces a steam-containing gas to the inside of the capturing material container. Another pipeline allows a desorbed CO2-containing gas desorbed from the CO2 capturing material, while the steam-containing gas flows in the container, to be discharged therethrough from the capturing material container. The unit further includes a compressor for compressing steam. A further pipeline connects the capturing material container with a suction port of the compressor.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
  • B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

24.

CONTROL SYSTEM INCLUDING SOE DEVICE

      
Document Number 02764203
Status In Force
Filing Date 2012-01-17
Open to Public Date 2012-07-19
Grant Date 2014-11-18
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Imazawa, Takao
  • Furuta, Yasuyuki
  • Otani, Tatsuyuki
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro
  • Ohashi, Akihiro
  • Kobayashi, Eiji

Abstract

A control system comprises a computing device, an input/output device, and an SOE device which are connected through a shared communication line. The input/output device transmits a status signal inputted from a control target to the computing device and outputs a control signal transmitted from the computing device to the control target, and the SOE device imports the control signal or the status signal to record a predetermined change thereof as event data, wherein the SOE device has a communication control portion which receives a read request from the computing device with a predetermined reception cycle, and transmits the event data to the computing device with a predetermined transmission cycle in response to the read request.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 23/02 - Electric testing or monitoring
  • G05B 15/02 - Systems controlled by a computer electric

25.

CONTROL SYSTEM AND NODE ADDRESS SETTING METHOD FOR CONTROL SYSTEM

      
Document Number 02761491
Status In Force
Filing Date 2011-12-13
Open to Public Date 2012-06-15
Grant Date 2015-09-08
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Arima, Toshihiro
  • Ohashi, Akihiro
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro
  • Yoshida, Katsumi
  • Otani, Tatsuyuki
  • Kobayashi, Eiji

Abstract

A control system having processing units for outputting control commands; a plurality of I/O devices for receiving the control commands and outputting the control commands to a controlled system; and duplicate intermediary units which relay the control commands from the processing units to the I/O devices, wherein each of the duplicate intermediary units includes an upper address setting device which generates upper address data and outputs the upper address data to the I/O devices; and each of the I/O devices includes an upper address comparator for comparing the received upper address data, an upper address setting unit for selecting upper address data on the basis of the result of comparison, and a line control unit for forming a node address for a particular I/O device by merging selected upper address data and lower address data determined by the particular I/O device.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 9/03 - Safety arrangements electric with multiple-channel loop, i.e. redundant control systems
  • H05K 10/00 - Arrangements for improving the operating reliability of electronic equipment, e.g. by providing a similar stand-by unit

26.

PLANT CONTROL SYSTEM, DATA TO BE EQUALIZED SELECTION APPARATUS, AND DATA TO BE EQUALIZED SELECTION METHOD

      
Document Number 02758682
Status In Force
Filing Date 2011-11-21
Open to Public Date 2012-05-22
Grant Date 2016-04-19
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Watanabe, Yu
  • Shimizu, Katsuhito
  • Sasaki, Wataru
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Matsuzaki, Tomokazu

Abstract

A support apparatus includes: a target selection part that presents a variable of a candidate data in form of a list for each variable and prompts a user to select a data to be equalized from the list; a target list table that stores therein, for each function element constituting a control program, a data on each variable dealt with by the function element, as a candidate data for the data to be equalized; and a target notification part that notifies each of the operational control apparatus and the standby control apparatus, of equalization possible/impossible information for each variable, the equalization possible/impossible information being identification information on the selected data to be equalized, and makes the operational control apparatus and the standby control apparatus execute an equalization processing of the data to be equalized for each variable from the operational control apparatus to the standby control apparatus.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 19/02 - Programme-control systems electric
  • G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control (DNC), flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), integrated manufacturing systems (IMS), computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)

27.

CO2 SEPARATION AND RECOVERY EQUIPMENT, AND A COAL GASIFICATION COMBINED POWER PLANT COMPRISING CO2 SEPARATION AND RECOVERY EQUIPMENT

      
Document Number 02813714
Status In Force
Filing Date 2011-09-12
Open to Public Date 2012-04-12
Grant Date 2015-10-27
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor Takeuchi, Hiroto

Abstract

Provided are CO2 separation and recovery equipment that yields a higher CO2 recovery rate, and a coal gasification combined power plant including the CO2 separation and recovery equipment with high plant efficiency. The CO2 separation and recovery equipment of the invention, having a CO shift reactor in which a gas containing main components of CO and H2O is introduced and converted into CO2 and H2, includes: an inlet valve that is provided on the inlet side of the CO shift reactor; an outlet valve that is provided on the outlet side of the CO shift reactor; a steam control valve for applying high-temperature steam to a foregoing part of the inlet valve; and a gas composition analyzer that senses a gas composition of a stream flowing into the CO shift reactor. The steam control valve is controlled by the difference in the molar amount of CO and H2O that is calculated from the analysis results of the gas composition analyzer, and the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the CO shift reactor are controlled on the basis of the catalyst tank temperature of the CO shift reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

  • C01B 3/14 - Handling of heat and steam
  • C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
  • C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
  • F01K 23/10 - Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F02C 6/00 - Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use

28.

MULTI UNIT CONTROLLER

      
Document Number 02743968
Status In Force
Filing Date 2011-06-22
Open to Public Date 2011-12-25
Grant Date 2014-09-02
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Sugimoto, Yuta
  • Nishioka, Atsushi
  • Kobayashi, Eiji
  • Ohashi, Akihiro
  • Yoshida, Katsumi
  • Nakamura, Satoshi
  • Nemoto, Fumihiko

Abstract

A multi unit controller has a plurality of base units each of which includes a control unit connector, a base unit connector through which the base units juxtaposed to each other are connected to each other, and a plurality of control units connected to the base units respectively through the respective control unit connector, wherein the base units juxtaposed vertically.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H01R 25/00 - Coupling parts adapted for simultaneous co-operation with two or more identical counterparts, e.g. for distributing energy to two or more circuits
  • G05B 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • H01R 13/629 - Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure

29.

MAINTENANCE TOOL OF CONTROL SYSTEMS

      
Document Number 02743972
Status In Force
Filing Date 2011-06-22
Open to Public Date 2011-12-25
Grant Date 2015-04-07
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Terae, Hisashi
  • Shimizu, Katsuhito
  • Otsuka, Yusaku

Abstract

A program editor creates a program-edit screen for a control system based on element data for representing circuit elements and operators and their attribute values. Here, the circuit elements and operators are components of sequential programs which constitute functions of the control system. The program editor which edits the element data on the created program-edit screen judges whether the data for representing the circuit elements and the operators is protected-function data or non-protected-function data and displays assembly sets of programs for implementing predetermined functions constituted by circuit elements and operators to which accesses are authenticated on the program-edit screen in a display mode different from those of the other assembly sets.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • G06F 21/30 - Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
  • G05B 19/02 - Programme-control systems electric

30.

CONTROL SUPPORT METHOD, CONTROL SUPPORT PROGRAM AND CONTROL SUPPORT APPARATUS

      
Document Number 02704576
Status In Force
Filing Date 2010-05-18
Open to Public Date 2010-11-20
Grant Date 2014-09-09
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Shimizu, Katsuhito
  • Suzuki, Atsushi
  • Matsuzaki, Tomokazu

Abstract

In order to facilitate grasping connection relations among sheets when dividing the control diagram data into a plurality of sheets and outputting the sheets, the connection symbol addition part, as regards instruction elements stored in the storage device, reads and selects two instruction elements connected to each other by a connection line from the storage device. When areas to which the two instruction elements belong differ from each other, the connection symbol addition part provides connection lines connecting the two instruction elements in sheets of the areas to which the two instruction elements belong, with connection symbols, respectively, and the sheet output part outputs sheets having the connection symbols added by the connection symbol addition part.

IPC Classes  ?

31.

FAULT DIAGNOSIS APPARATUS AND FAULT DIAGNOSIS METHOD OF MULTI-CHANNEL ANALOG INPUT/OUTPUT CIRCUIT

      
Document Number 02693033
Status In Force
Filing Date 2010-02-16
Open to Public Date 2010-09-06
Grant Date 2014-10-14
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Terae, Hisashi
  • Ishikawa, Masakazu
  • Furuta, Yasuyuki
  • Yoshida, Katsumi
  • Nishioka, Atsushi
  • Kiyofuji, Yasuhiro
  • Kasahara, Takenori
  • Nagayama, Syuichi
  • Kawawa, Fujiya
  • Kubota, Manabu
  • Ootani, Tatsuyuki
  • Tanaka, Hidechiyo

Abstract

A fault diagnosis apparatus and method capable of simultaneously detecting the fault of a multiplexer and the fault of an A/D converter and isolating and identifying causes of these faults, the multiplexer and the A/D converter being used in a multi-channel analog input/output circuit. Test-voltage values are inputted from a diagnosis-voltage input unit into the multiplexer and the A/D converter constituting an analog-signal conversion unit, the multiplexer having plural channels, the A/D converter converting outputs from the multiplexer into digital signals, the test-voltage values being different from each other for each channel of the multiplexer. Comparisons are made between the digital voltage values and the test-voltage values inputted, the digital voltage values being outputted for each channel of the multiplexer. From this comparison result, it is judged whether the multiplexer is at fault or the A/D converter is at fault.

IPC Classes  ?

32.

CONTROL APPARATUS AND CONTROL METHOD

      
Document Number 02689416
Status In Force
Filing Date 2009-12-30
Open to Public Date 2010-07-07
Grant Date 2015-06-16
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Funaki, Satoru
  • Kiyofuji, Yasuhiro
  • Suenaga, Masashi
  • Kokura, Shin
  • Kobayashi, Eiji
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Seki, Yusuke
  • Shimizu, Toshiki
  • Tahara, Yukiko
  • Sugimoto, Yuta

Abstract

A failure is detected immediately and certainly, and continuation of processing in an unstable state is prevented. A first error detection code is generated from first information which is output as a result of execution of a predetermined program conducted by a first processor. A second error detection code is generated from second information which is output as a result of execution of the program conducted by a second processor which is configured so as to output the same computation result as that of the first processor. It is detected whether the first information is the same as the second information, and it is detected whether the first error detection code is the same as the second error detection code. Writing the first information or the second information into a main memory is controlled on the basis of a result of the detection.

IPC Classes  ?

33.

RADIO TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING METHOD

      
Document Number 02696900
Status In Force
Filing Date 2008-12-22
Open to Public Date 2010-06-22
Grant Date 2013-07-09
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Handa, Takanobu
  • Kaneko, Shuji

Abstract

A radio tomography imaging method according to the present invention includes: calculating a conversion function based on a transmission image picked up by using a radiation emitted from a first radiation source and a transmission image picked up by using a radiation emitted from a second radiation source; wherein a position of the second radiation source when the radiation has been emitted coincides with a position of the first radiation source when the radiation has been emitted, and one of the first and second radiation sources emits the radiation when the other emits the radiation, picking up a plurality of first reconfiguration transmission images and a plurality of second reconfiguration transmission images by using a plurality of first reconfiguration radiations and a plurality of second reconfiguration radiations simultaneously emitted from the first radiation source and the second radiation source; correcting the plurality of first reconfiguration transmission images and the plurality of second reconfiguration transmission images into a plurality of corrected transmission images based on the conversion function; and reconfiguring the plurality of corrected transmission images into three-dimensional data.

IPC Classes  ?

34.

DUPLEXED OPERATION PROCESSOR CONTROL SYSTEM, AND DUPLEXED OPERATION PROCESSOR CONTROL METHOD

      
Document Number 02668835
Status In Force
Filing Date 2009-06-15
Open to Public Date 2009-12-19
Grant Date 2014-01-14
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Shimizu, Toshiki
  • Bando, Akira
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Kiyofuji, Yasuhiro
  • Kobayashi, Eiji
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Funaki, Satoru
  • Ishikawa, Masakazu
  • Masuko, Hideaki
  • Seki, Yusuke
  • Sasaki, Wataru
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Nakano, Akihiro
  • Kokura, Shin
  • Ozawa, Shoichi
  • Iwasaki, Yu

Abstract

The present invention provides a duplexed operation processor control system that includes operation processors, an I/O device, and at least one communication path that couples the operation processors to the I/O device, and at least one communication path that couples the operation processors with each other. The duplexed operation processor control system switches over either of the operation processors to be a primary operation processor that executes a control operation for a control target, and the other to be a secondary operation processor that is in a stand-by state, and the secondary operation processor snoops control data synchronously when the primary operation processor acquires the control data from the control target.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
  • G05B 19/048 - Monitoring; Safety
  • G06F 11/20 - Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements

35.

CONTROL APPARATUS FOR PROCESS INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICE

      
Document Number 02650347
Status In Force
Filing Date 2009-01-21
Open to Public Date 2009-07-23
Grant Date 2013-04-09
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI ENGINEERING & SERVICES CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Kokura, Shin
  • Iwasaki, Yu
  • Murakawa, Ryuichi
  • Bando, Akira
  • Sasaki, Wataru
  • Yoshikawa, Hideyuki
  • Kobayashi, Masamitsu

Abstract

A control apparatus for an input-output device includes a hardware part and a software part, in which a controller in the hardware part carries out a control operation in accordance with a signal from the input-output device, outputs a result of the control operation to a process, and has a timer unit to be excited at a constant period; and the software part has an information process part, a control process part, and an interrupt control unit to switch over the information process part and control process part one another, in which the interrupt control unit suspends an execution of the information process part to execute the control process part in priority and resume the information process part by switching over to the information process part from the control process part, when the execution of the control process part is terminated.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 19/04 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers

36.

MOTOR DRIVING SYSTEM AND MOTOR DRIVING METHOD

      
Document Number 02629827
Status In Force
Filing Date 2008-04-22
Open to Public Date 2008-10-24
Grant Date 2011-11-08
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Tan, Daisuke
  • Satomi, Hirohisa
  • Okamatsu, Shigetoshi

Abstract

A motor driving apparatus including inverter apparatuses, inverter control circuits, and a plurality of inverter control apparatuses for performing variable-speed driving of a single motor, breakers each of which being provided between each inverter apparatus and the motor, the inverter control circuits being connected in parallel to each other. Here, a motor rotation frequency/phase detection circuit of each inverter control circuit is set up on a closer side to the motor than the breakers, then frequency and phase of a terminal voltage at the motor are detected and inputted into failure-time input frequency/phase setting circuits regardless of close/open of each breaker. This feature allows computation by the failure-time input frequency/phase setting circuits to be carried out at all times, thereby making it possible to shorten a computation time needed for computing inverter-apparatus start frequency/phase.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H02P 27/06 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
  • H02H 7/08 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from norm for dynamo-electric motors
  • H02P 25/16 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
  • H05K 10/00 - Arrangements for improving the operating reliability of electronic equipment, e.g. by providing a similar stand-by unit

37.

PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD WITH MULTIPLEXED INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICE

      
Document Number 02629796
Status In Force
Filing Date 2008-04-22
Open to Public Date 2008-10-24
Grant Date 2012-05-22
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Nakano, Akihiro
  • Yoshikawa, Hideyuki
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Fujita, Ryo
  • Bando, Akira
  • Kobayashi, Masamitsu
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro
  • Kobayashi, Eiji
  • Ishikawa, Masakazu
  • Sasaki, Wataru
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Ozawa, Shoichi
  • Kokura, Shin

Abstract

A process control system and method is provided. The system comprises a process control device for issuing a requirement command with an added address and/or group ID and a plurality of multiplexed output devices which receive the requirement command and execute a process on the basis thereof. The addresses have a same part or the group ID that are set the same for the devices. Each device compares the same part (or the group ID) with a part of a further address (or group ID) added to the received requirement command. If the same part is equal to the part of the further address, the requirement command is identified. The address is then compared with the further address based on a result of the identification. If the address is equal to the further address added to the requirement command, the process based on the requirement command is executed.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G05B 19/02 - Programme-control systems electric
  • G06F 13/00 - Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units

38.

CONTROL APPARATUS, CONTROL METHOD AND CONTROL PROGRAM

      
Document Number 02686677
Status In Force
Filing Date 2007-06-28
Open to Public Date 2007-12-30
Grant Date 2016-08-23
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Bandou, Akira
  • Kobayashi, Masamitsu
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Umehara, Takashi
  • Kokura, Shin
  • Ishikawa, Masakazu
  • Furuta, Yasuyuki
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Funaki, Satoru
  • Seki, Yuusuke
  • Ootani, Tatsuyuki
  • Sasaki, Wataru
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Nakano, Akihiro
  • Ozawa, Shoichi
  • Kasahara, Takenori
  • Iwasaki, Yu
  • Kobayashi, Eiji

Abstract

A control apparatus has a communication control unit communicably connected to a first communication channel, at least a portion of which constitutes a serial transfer operation. The communication control unit transmits/receives information with respect to an equipment under control via a second communication channel, a portion of which constitutes a parallel transfer operation. The apparatus comprises: a communication channel diagnostic unit for diagnosing an abnormal event such as an open and stuck-at of a parallel transfer portion of the second communication channel under such a condition that a data transfer operation in the second communication channel is interrupted. A signal for instructing an initiation of a diagnosis via the first communication channel is transmitted to the communication channel diagnostic unit.

IPC Classes  ?

39.

COMMUNICATION CONTROL SYSTEM AND COMMUNICATION CONTROL METHOD

      
Document Number 02592625
Status In Force
Filing Date 2007-06-27
Open to Public Date 2007-12-30
Grant Date 2015-02-24
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ishikawa, Masakazu
  • Bandou, Akira
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro
  • Kobayashi, Masamitsu
  • Furuta, Yasuyuki
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Kokura, Shin
  • Kobayashi, Eiji
  • Funaki, Satoru
  • Umehara, Takashi
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Seki, Yuusuke
  • Ootani, Tatsuyuki

Abstract

A programmable electronic controller in which one central arithmetic processing unit and a plurality of input devices and output devices are connected by means of a parallel bus, the controller being basically configured to activate a self-diagnostic function and a diagnostic test of the input devices and the output devices with an instruction from a microprocessor of the central arithmetic processing unit; and to judge the result with the microprocessor of the central arithmetic processing unit, by using the microprocessor installed in the central arithmetic processing unit also as a processor for tests (diagnostic tests) of the self-diagnostic function of the input devices and output devices and conducting tests of the self--diagnostic function of the plurality of input devices and output devices with the central arithmetic processing unit.

IPC Classes  ?

40.

CONTROL APPARATUS, CONTROL METHOD AND CONTROL PROGRAM

      
Document Number 02592817
Status In Force
Filing Date 2007-06-28
Open to Public Date 2007-12-30
Grant Date 2010-02-16
Owner
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
  • HITACHI INFORMATION & CONTROL SOLUTIONS, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Bandou, Akira
  • Kobayashi, Masamitsu
  • Shiraishi, Masahiro
  • Onozuka, Akihiro
  • Umehara, Takashi
  • Kokura, Shin
  • Kobayashi, Eiji
  • Ishikawa, Masakazu
  • Furuta, Yasuyuki
  • Mashiko, Naoya
  • Funaki, Satoru
  • Seki, Yuusuke
  • Ootani, Tatsuyuki
  • Sasaki, Wataru
  • Otsuka, Yusaku
  • Nakano, Akihiro
  • Ozawa, Shoichi
  • Kasahara, Takenori
  • Iwasaki, Yu

Abstract

In a control apparatus which transmits/receives data from a central processing unit via a serial transfer channel to a communication control unit, and groups/distributes data of input/output units from the communication control unit via a parallel transfer channel, the control apparatus initiates a diagnosing unit of the parallel transfer channel in response to an instruction issued from the central processing unit, and diagnosis the input/output units subsequent to the diagnosis of the transmission channel. Data input/output timing of the input/output unit is also instructed from the central processing unit, so that the central processing unit can suppress lowering of response speeds caused by the diagnoses, and can maintain the periodicity of the data input/output.

IPC Classes  ?

41.

ULTRASONIC FLAW DETECTING METHOD AND ULTRASONIC FLAW DETECTOR

      
Document Number 02496370
Status In Force
Filing Date 2005-02-07
Open to Public Date 2005-08-23
Grant Date 2008-09-09
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Kono, Naoyuki
  • Matsui, Tetsuya
  • Koike, Masahiro
  • Tooma, Masahiro
  • Musha, Yoshinori
  • Miki, Masahiro

Abstract

In order to make it possible in ultrasonic flaw detection to generate ultrasonic waves containing a main beam only by use of an array probe and clearly identify a defect in a specimen by use of images, an element pitch P (the distance between centers of adjacent ultrasonic transducer elements in the array probe) is set longer than 1/4 of the wavelength of longitudinal waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer elements and shorter than 1/2 of the wavelength and reception signals up to time corresponding to the sum of wall thickness round-trip propagation time for longitudinal waves and wall thickness round-trip propagation time for shear waves in the specimen are displayed.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G01N 29/04 - Analysing solids
  • G01N 29/38 - Detecting the response signal by time filtering, e.g. using time gates

42.

PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION DEVICE AND METHOD

      
Document Number 02472563
Status In Force
Filing Date 2004-06-25
Open to Public Date 2005-02-26
Grant Date 2012-08-28
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Miura, Naoto
  • Nagasaka, Akio
  • Miyatake, Takafumi

Abstract

A personal identification device and method prevent the reduction in the finger vein recognition rate which otherwise occur due to erroneous insertion of a finger by a user not accustomed to operation or insertion of a false finger at low cost. The device includes an imager picking up an image of a finger vein pattern, a light source emitting light adapted to be transmitted through the finger, an image operating unit matches the image, guides indicating the position of picking up the finger image, a detector detecting the contact between the finger and the guides, another light source radiating light reflected from the thick of the finger, a switch which is depressed by the forward end of the finger, a further light source emitting light transmitted through the forward end of the finger, and a light-sensor receiving the light from the further light source through the finger.

43.

RECORDING TAPE CARTRIDGE

      
Document Number 01187173
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-03-09
Grant Date 1985-05-14
Owner
  • HITACHI MAXELL, LTD. (Canada)
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ogiro, Kenji
  • Gotoh, Shinichi

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract: A recording tape cartridge has a lid member mounted on the cartridge case to rotate between a closed position and an open position. A clearance is defined in one corner of the case and a lid locking mechanism is provided in the clearance for locking the lid member in the closed position. The clearance is wider at its front portion than at its rear portion to facilitate entry of a release member of a recorder, should the cartridge be inserted slightly off-centre into such recorder or reproducer.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G11B 23/087 - Magazines; Cassettes for housing webs or filaments having two distinct ends using two different reels or cores

44.

SOLID-STATE IMAGING DEVICE

      
Document Number 01199400
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-03-21
Grant Date 1986-01-14
Owner HITACHI LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Koike, Norio
  • Takemoto, Iwao
  • Ohba, Shinya
  • Kubo, Masaharu
  • Masuhara, Toshiaki

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid-state imaging device that employs CCDs as vertical shift registers and a horizontal shift register for vertically and horizontally scanning and reading out a large number of photoelectric elements arrayed in a two-dimensional plane. The device is characterized in that the photoelectric elements of each column arranged between the vertical shift registers are alternately connected to the right and left vertical shift registers. Due to this construction, the resolution of the device is sharply enhanced.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H01L 27/14 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy
  • H04N 3/15 -

45.

HUMIDITY SENSOR AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME

      
Document Number 01199537
Status In Force
Filing Date 1982-09-28
Grant Date 1986-01-21
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Kinjo, Noriyuki
  • Ohara, Shuichi
  • Sugawara, Toru
  • Tsuchitani, Shigeki

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The invention relates to a humidity sensor of electric resistance type whose electric resistance changes in accordance with an ambient humidity, charac- terized by a protective film of silicone resin provided on the surface of a humidity-sensitive material, and to a method for preparing the same. The protective film of silicone resin is formed by applying a varnish of siloxanes to the humidity-sensitive material and subjecting the varnish to reaction. The varnish can be of one-pot type or two-pot type, and desirably the reaction of siloxanes is a cross-linking reaction. The formed protective film is not influenced by swelling or shrinking of the humidity-sensitive material, and is prevented from flowing off due to a temperature rise, or from deposition of dusts, etc.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G01N 27/12 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid

46.

LIGHTNING ARRESTER

      
Document Number 01201762
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-04-19
Grant Date 1986-03-11
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ozawa, Jun
  • Shindo, Katuji
  • Shirakawa, Shingo

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE: A lightning arrester comprises a plurality of column blocks disposed in parallel each of which has groups of a number of stacked nonlinear resistance elements and spacers interposed between the element groups, in which the element groups of the blocks are electricaly connected in series by jumper conductors so as to form a series resistance and the spacers are formed of nonlinear resistance elements which can absorb energy, so that arrester, as a whole, can absorb larger energy.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H01C 7/12 - Overvoltage protection resistors; Arresters
  • H02H 9/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage

47.

HEAT RESISTING STEEL

      
Document Number 01207168
Status In Force
Filing Date 1982-12-23
Grant Date 1986-07-08
Owner HITACHI LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Kirihara, Seishin
  • Shiga, Masao
  • Kuriyama, Mitsuo
  • Yoshioka, Takatoshi
  • Sasaki, Ryoichi

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A heat resisting steel suitable for use as material of steam turbine parts. The steel has a substantially whole tempered martensite structure and consisting essentially of, by weight, 8 to 13% of Cr, 0.5 to 2% of Mo, 0.02 to 0.5% of V, 0.02 to 0.15% of Nb, 0.025 to 0.1% of N, 0.05 to 0.25% of C, not greater than 0.6% of Si, not greater than 1.5% of Mn, not greater than 1.5% of Ni, 0.0005 to 0.02% of Al, 0.1 to 0.5% of W and the balance substantially Fe, the ratio W/Al be- tween W content and Al content ranging between 10 and 110.

IPC Classes  ?

  • C22C 38/22 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten

48.

COMPOSITION FOR FORMING THICK MAGNETIC RECORDING MEDIUM

      
Document Number 01186503
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-07-27
Grant Date 1985-05-07
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Funada, Ryuichi
  • Nakaya, Masato

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A composition comprising 70% by weight or less of magnetic particles and 30% by weight or more of a resin mixture of (a) an epoxy resin, (b) a phenol resin and (c) polyvinyl butyral, the weight ratios of the resin components being (b)/(a) = 2.5/7.5 to 4/6 and (c)/(a) + (b) = 2.5/7.5 to 4/6, can give a thick magnetic recording medium excellent in film strength, resistance to cracks and durability by screen printing by one coating.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G11B 5/702 - Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable particles homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the bonding agent

49.

RECORDING TAPE CARTRIDGE

      
Document Number 01187172
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-03-09
Grant Date 1985-05-14
Owner
  • HITACHI MAXELL, LTD. (Canada)
  • HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Ogiro, Kenji
  • Gotoh, Shinichi

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract: A recording tape cartridge comprises a cartridge case, a lid member having a front plate mounted on the case to be rotatable between a closed position and an open position. An opening in the bottom portion of the front plate receives a standard pin of a recording device. An abutting device projects from the front of the bottom wall of the case to protrude into the opening of the lid member up to a position substantially corresponding to the middle of the thickness of the front plate when the lid member is in its closed position. This arrangement effectively prevents dust or other dirt entering the case and ensures that any scratches on the front surface of the case are inconspicuous.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G11B 23/087 - Magazines; Cassettes for housing webs or filaments having two distinct ends using two different reels or cores

50.

PULSE SIGNAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

      
Document Number 01192313
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-02-09
Grant Date 1985-08-20
Owner HITACHI LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Yoshine, Hiroki
  • Takasaki, Yoshitaka
  • Takahashi, Yasushi
  • Nagano, Katsuyuki
  • Yamada, Mitsuo

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract: A two-level alternate mark inversion signal trans- mission system converts binary pulses of "1" and "0" into a pulse signal in which one has its polarity inverted at a period T and the other at a period ?. The converted signal is then transmitted. In order to facilitate an automatic gain control and the extraction of a timing signal in the receiver, even when the zero binary pulses have successively arisen, on a transmitting side, the alternate mark inversion signal is converted in the transmitter into a specified code (zero substitution), while in the receiver, the received signal is subjected to duobinary shaping whereby the zero substitution part of the signal is detected for removal by utilizing the rules of the zero substitution and the alternate mark inversion signal.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H04L 25/49 - Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using three or more amplitude levels

51.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

      
Document Number 01199427
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-06-22
Grant Date 1986-01-14
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Miyao, Masanobu
  • Takemoto, Iwao
  • Ohkura, Makoto
  • Warabisako, Terunori
  • Nishioka, Yasushiro
  • Tokuyama, Takashi
  • Kimura, Shinichiro
  • Mukai, Kiichiro
  • Haruta, Ryo

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract: A three-dimensional semiconductor device is constructed in which MOS transistors are arranged, not only in the direction of the substrate surface, but also in a direction perpendicular thereto. At least one layer of insulator film and of single-crystal film are stacked alternately and deposited on a surface of a semiconductor substrate. An impurity-doped region formed in each semiconductor film is used as a gate, source or drain of a MOS transistor. The arrangement provides a device that has a higher integration density than heretofore available.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H01L 29/94 - Metal-insulator-semiconductors, e.g. MOS

52.

SPLIT STRUCTURE TYPE TRANSFORMER

      
Document Number 01199694
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-06-21
Grant Date 1986-01-21
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Masuhara, Hideki
  • Katada, Kunio
  • Kudo, Uichi

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A split structure type transformer has a core upper and lower split-up secondary windings and a primary winding which are wound about the core, a single tap winding having a plurality of tap winding parts and a plurality of tap terminals, and a single tap selector. The secondary windings are respectively connectable to independent loads, only one end of the tap winding is connected to the primary winding, and the tap terminals are respectively connected to terminals of the tap selector. A pair of tap winding parts connected to the same terminal of the tap selector are arranged ad- jacently along the axial direction of winding. Each of the tap winding part pairs may be replaced by a single tap winding part which is formed by winding a single strand having a crosssectional area which is twice a crosssectional area of a strand used for winding each tap winding part pair.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H01F 21/12 - Variable inductances or transformers of the signal type discontinuously variable, e.g. tapped
  • H01F 29/02 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings

53.

SUPERCONDUCTING READ-ONLY MEMORIES OR PROGRAMABLE LOGIC ARRAYS HAVING THE SAME

      
Document Number 01201529
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-07-21
Grant Date 1986-03-04
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
  • Harada, Yutaka
  • Nishino, Toshikazu

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract: An A.C. powered type logic array of very high speed operation employs Josephson devices and can program any desired logic. The logic array comprises a first logic array that delivers AND logic signals from input signals, and a second logic array that delivers OR logic signals from desired ones of the AND outputs. Each of the first and second logic arrays comprises a plurality of bit lines that connect a plurality of arrayed Josephson devices in series at respective rows, and each of which has one end connected to a power source and the other end grounded through a resistor. Word lines are arranged in the column direction of the Josephson device array and are selectively coupled to the Josephson devices. Whether or not the word lines are coupled to the respective Josephson devices of the arrays, is determined by the patterns of the word lines or the patterns of the Josephson devices, whereby to program the desired logic. The system is an improvement over the prior art in facilitating rapid and easy changing of the logic.

IPC Classes  ?

  • H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
  • G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron

54.

DATA PROCESSOR WITH PARALLEL-OPERATING OPERATION UNITS

      
Document Number 01202422
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-08-15
Grant Date 1986-03-25
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor Toril, Shunichi

Abstract

- 1 - Abstract An information processor comprises a plurality of instruction execution units and a circuit that distributes the decoded information of a succeeding instruction to one of the instruction execution units on the basis of sequentially decoded information of succeeding instructions and the decoded information of preceding instructions under the control of the instruction execution units. Specifically, the distribution circuit distributes the decoded information of the succeeding instruction conflicting with the preceding instruction to the instruction execution unit that is controlling the preceding instruction. The respective instruction execution units can thus execute the instructions independently of one another while guaranteeing a correctly operated result. The result is enhancement of the processing capability.

IPC Classes  ?

  • G06F 9/28 - Enhancement of operational speed, e.g. by using several microcontrol devices operating in parallel
  • G06F 9/38 - Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline, look ahead

55.

CIRCUIT BREAKER

      
Document Number 01204492
Status In Force
Filing Date 1983-12-06
Grant Date 1986-05-13
Owner HITACHI, LTD. (Japan)
Inventor Takahashi, Isao

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Disclosed is a circuit breaker comprising an interruptor including a main contact and a series circuit connected in parallel to the main contact and constituted by a breaking resistor and a resistor contact; and an actuator device for performing closing to opening opera- tions of the main contact and the resistor contact; in which the breaking resistor includes a first resistor element and a second resistor element having a resistance value which is smaller than that of the first resistor element; and in which a switching circuit is provided for automatically changing the connection of the first and second resistor elements such that in small capacitive current breaking, an equivalent resistance of the first and second resistor element becomes a large value suitable for the small current breaking, while in short-circuit current breaking, the resultant equivalent resistance becomes a small value for the short-circuit current breaking mainly owing to the resistance value of said second resistor element.

IPC Classes  ?